The rapid proliferation of electric vehicles (EVs) demands lightweight yet efficient battery thermal management systems (BTMS). The fin-embedded phase-change material energy storage tube (PCM-EST) offers significant potential due to its high thermal energy density and passive operation, but conventional designs face a critical trade-off: enhancing heat transfer typically increases mass, conflicting with EV lightweight requirements. To resolve this conflict, this study proposes a multi-objective surrogate optimization framework integrating computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and Kriging modeling. Fin geometric parameters—number, height, and tube length—were rigorously analyzed via ANSYS (2020 R1) Fluent simulations to quantify their coupled effects on PCM melting/solidification dynamics and structural mass. The results reveal that fin configurations dominate both thermal behavior and weight. An enhanced multi-objective particle swarm optimization (MOPSO) algorithm was then deployed to simultaneously maximize heat transfer and minimize mass, generating a Pareto-optimal solution. The optimized design achieves 8.7% enhancement in heat exchange capability and 0.732 kg mass reduction—outperforming conventional single-parameter designs by 37% in weight savings. This work establishes a systematic methodology for synergistic thermal-structural optimization, advancing high-performance BTMS for sustainable EVs.

A dual-mass flywheel is an important part of an automobile transmission system whose function is to ensure the smooth transmission of engine power to a gearbox. Vehicle vibration and noise are major indicators of vehicle comfort, while dual-mass flywheel technology can preferably solve the comfort problem. Based on the created torsional vibration model, this paper describes the testing of the torsional characteristics under various conditions with an LMS AMESim simulation. The results show that the noise in the cab is fundamentally below 60dB. The computational formula for the angular stiffness of an arc coil spring is derived, and then the spring angular stiffness is optimized with arithmetic averaging, which reveals an adjusted angular stiffness of 12.8Nm/°. Additionally, the requirement for the angular acceleration of the WOT input shaft (i.e., being less than 500rad/s²) is satisfied for various gears. The test results show that the double-mass flywheel can attain a vibration isolation efficiency of around 85, which more effectively reduces the transmission vibration and noise and improves the vehicle comfort.

Using an improved quality function deployment (QFD) process, an integrated product and process development method was proposed for the clutch friction material, one key part of driveline. The importance ratings of customer requirements for the clutch friction material was calculated and synthesized through the reasonable selection of respondents and the method to determine customer requirements based on importance of rough analytic hierarchy process (AHP) in QFD. Using improved QFD decomposition model, the quality house between customer requirements and part features, process matrix and the key process control sample table were established. The method can be widely used in the development of other key parts.

The diversity of vibration excitation sources and working modes in hybrid electric vehicles makes the problem of torsional vibration in the powertrain more prominent. To address the intricate torsional vibration issues in hybrid electric vehicles, this study analyzes the vibration characteristics of the powertrain and optimizes the parameters of the torsional damper. A torsional vibration model of the parallel hybrid powertrain was established, and the model’s validity was verified through resonance analysis of its inherent and excitation characteristics. The vibration suppression properties of the torsional damper were examined under acceleration, idle loading, and engine starting conditions, leading to the establishment of a parameter optimization scheme considering multiple working conditions. Following optimization, the root mean square value of the powertrain’s angular acceleration decreased by over 20% under the three working conditions, confirming the efficacy of the proposed optimization scheme.