Psychotherapeutic supervision is crucial for the quality of the development of professionals and the promotion of well-being and therapeutic effectiveness of trainees. Emerging computational technologies can offer new potentials to supervision practice. The aim of this paper is to test the current capabilities of the GPT-4 linguistic model to support the work of psychotherapists, providing secondary and complementary feedback to supervision. This paper represents the initial phase (phase 0) useful for laying the foundations and adequately calibrating the methodology of a future more extensive work which will consist of further and more detailed training of GPT-4on the tasks required. The availability of this possibility, for a trainee or a therapist, would mean significant support for self-monitoring and increasing this competence, an incentive and support for awareness of the need to resort to a supervision meeting. This could result in enhanced training, improved efficiency and clinical effectiveness, maintenance of well-being, prevention of burnout and improved patient outcomes.

A situational individual’s mental state contains the dynamic interaction between explicit, conscious cognitive processes and implicit automatisms that develop outside of consciousness. The influence of implicit and unaware processes, often underestimated, manifests itself in the speed with which we process information, in immediate emotional responses, and in the emergence of intentions even before they are accessible to awareness. The brain activity that precedes a decision manifests itself several milliseconds before the subject reports the conscious intention to act. This phenomenon highlights how awareness emerges after the decision-making process. The Quantum Cognition model proposes an alternative theoretical framework to classical logic to explain complex cognitive phenomena such as ambivalence, overlapping intentions, and sudden changes in perspective. The aim of this paper is to propose the QC model as a powerful formal strategy for describing the mind as a dynamic, probabilistic, and context-sensitive system.

Numerous studies show that transitioning out of sport can be an extremely critical phase which, if not adequately supported, can lead to identity crises, loss of meaning, depressive symptoms, and social isolation. We conducted a scoping literature review following the PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews guidelines. The aim of our research was to retrieve all articles published between January 2015 and January 2025 in peer-reviewed English-language journals relating to the risk and protective factors that characterize the transition to post-career for professional athletes. The 66 selected studies were organized into six thematic categories with the support of Artificial Intelligence. Among the most recurrent risk factors are exclusive identification with the athletic role, unplanned retirement, and lack of emotional and professional support. The most effective protective factors include advance planning for the end of career, well-structured dual career paths, favorable cultural and organizational contexts, and targeted psychological interventions. This review highlights the need to develop specific, validated, and culturally sensitive intervention protocols to support athletes in building new identities and life trajectories after retirement.

This article proposes an integrative theoretical framework that explores the relationship between interoception and personality, linking neuroscientific evidence, psychological models, and phenomenological perspectives derived from Gestalt therapy. Building on contemporary neurobiological models of consciousness and arousal, the study highlights how the perception of internal bodily states—interoception—is a fundamental component in the development and modulation of personality traits. Through an integrative narrative review of recent literature (2000-2024), the theoretical convergences between interoceptive processes and the personality dimensions of introversion, extroversion, and neuroticism are outlined and reinterpreted in a Gestalt perspective as embodied and relational modes of contact with the environment.The article argues that personality should not be conceived as a static set of traits, but as a dynamic model of organismic self-regulation in which body and mind co-construct subjective and social experience. This integrative view has important implications for psychotherapy, education, and organizational contexts, where the cultivation of interoceptive awareness can improve empathy, emotional regulation, and relational well-being. The proposed framework aims to provide an interdisciplinary contribution that transcends the traditional mind-body dualism and offers new directions for empirical research on the embodied foundations of personality and their role in social behavior.

This paper introduces SNAP (Structure, Narrative, Activation, Process, Next), a multidimensional clinical reflection tool supporting psychotherapists in systematically attending to phenomenological, relational, and process-oriented dimensions. SNAP integrates Gestalt therapy, complex systems theory, and the Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) framework, comprising 73 items across five dimensions. A pilot acceptability and perceived utility study (N = 20 psychotherapists) used a retrospective pre-post design in which participants provided retrospective pre-exposure and post-exposure ratings for each item. Post-exposure ratings were higher overall than retrospective pre-exposure ratings (T2: M = 6.69, SD = 0.54 vs. T1: M = 6.02, SD = 0.70; mean difference +0.67; Hedges’ g = 0.28, Cohen’s d = 0.29; 15/73 items p < 0.05 uncorrected; 2/73 after Benjamini-Hochberg FDR correction). The largest descriptive contrasts were observed in phenomenological dimensions: Next (g = 0.61), Activation (g = 0.49), Narrative (g = 0.43), and Process-Therapist (g = 0.41). Structural bio-psycho-social dimensions showed minimal contrasts (d = −0.02 to 0.15). Absolute post-exposure ratings were high across items (89% rated 6/9 or above), supporting good acceptability and perceived usefulness within this sample. These preliminary findings support SNAP as a promising, positively perceived framework for clinical reflection. Larger-sample psychometric validation is warranted.

According to modern neurobiological models of consciousness, Gestalt psychotherapy theory views perceptual experience as a phenomenon emerging from the interaction between interceptive and proprioceptive processes on the one hand and exteroceptive information on the other.This interaction, from a neurobiological perspective, can be imagined as occurring within the integrative activity of the thalamus, where information from both the body and the sensory organs converge in its nucleus, known as the Zona Incerta.The integrative process finally generates the perceptual gestalt, a preverbal experience of being in the world. In this sense, body states become part of the perceptual experience itself by determining the salient elements of an image.The perception and preference of colors seem to be a direct expression of this process of body-senses integration, which determines the basic qualities of color experience (brightness and color saturation) and the pleasant or unpleasant emotionality connected with color itself.The ambiguous image of a dress, which went viral in 2015, provides an additional tool to investigate color experience as some people see the dress as blue and black, others yellow and white.The present pilot study related the perception of the dress image to color preference using the Lüscher color test. Although it was a small sample of 100 subjects, a link emerged between preferred color and perceived color in the image. People who preferred blue or yellow saw the dress as blue or yellow, respectively, with a significantly high frequency. This finding needs to be further investigated by expanding the sample size and data collected. However, the survey evidence is strongly suggestive that color preference closely related to the body and emotions directly modifies perceptual experience.