Background and purpose: Flavonoids are a group of phytochemicals found abundantly in various plants. Scientific evidence has revealed that flavonoids display potential biological activities, including their ability to alleviate inflammation. This activity is closely related to their action in blocking the inflammatory cascade and inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory factors. However, as flavonoids typically have poor bioavailability and pharmacokinetic profile, it is quite challenging to establish these compounds as a drug. Nevertheless, progressive advancements in drug delivery systems, particularly in nanotechnology, have shown promising approaches to overcome such challenges. Review approach: This narrative review provides an overview of scientific knowledge about the mechanism of action of flavonoids in the mitigation of inflammatory reaction prior to delivering a comprehensive discussion about the opportunity of the nanotechnology-based delivery system in the preparation of the flavonoid-based drug. Key results: Various studies conducted in silico, in vitro, in vivo, and clinical trials have deciphered that the anti-inflammatory activities of flavonoids are closely linked to their ability to modulate various biochemical mediators, enzymes, and signalling pathways involved in the inflammatory processes. This compound could be encapsulated in nanotechnology platforms to increase the solubility, bioavailability, and pharmacological activity of flavonoids as well as reduce the toxic effects of these compounds. Conclusion: in Summary, we conclude that flavonoids and their derivates have given promising results in their development as new anti-inflammatory drug candidates, especially if they formulate in nanoparticles.

Background: Prostate cancer is the most common oncological disease in men and one of leading causes of death worldwide. Growing evidence has demonstrated the effectiveness of mung bean bioactive compounds in suppressing various cancer cells. However, their effects and underlying mechanisms on prostate cancer have not been verified. The present study aimed to investigate the therapeutical effects and underlying mechanisms of mung bean compounds against prostate cancer. Results: The results revealed that 56 proteins related to prostate cancer could be modulated by mung bean, including several vital proteins of SRC (Sarcoma), Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 8 (MAPK8), Heat shock protein 90 kDa alpha member A1 (HSP90AA1), and Harvey Rat sarcoma virus (HRAS). It was also found that the potential pathways associated with prostate cancer pathogenesis comprising pyrimidine metabolism, nitrogen metabolism, and prolactin signaling pathways. Of 19 mung bean compounds docked to four key proteins reveal three promising compound (dulcinoside, peonidin-3-glucoside, and chlorogenic acid) with lower binding affinity score of − 7.7, − 12.2, − 9.0, and − 6.5 kcal/mol against SRC, MAPK8, HSP90AA1, and HRAS, respectively in their site of action. Dynamic simulation results also showed values of − 36.52 ± 2.93, − 35.93 ± 1.67, and − 35.77 ± 1.17 kJ/mol for Dulcinoside-SRC, Dulcinoside-MAPK8, and P3G-HSP90AA1 complexes, respectively. The binding of the compound occur in stable and flexible with the proteins. Moreover, all mung bean compounds predicted to have good ADMET properties. Conclusions: The study concluded that dulcinoside, peonidin-3-glucoside, and chlorogenic acid potentially exhibited anticancer activity against prostate cancer in silico. Nevertheless, further studies such as in vitro and in vivo are needed to optimize and prove the efficacy of the mung brand and its compounds against prostate cancer. Graphical

This study aimed to prove the antihyperglycemic activity of the ethanol extract of bajakah Tampala stem (Uncaria gambir (W.Hunter) Roxb.) in rats induced by streptozotocin. The research was conducted experimentally using a true experiment posttest-only control group design. bajakah Tampala extract was extracted by maceration method using 96% ethanol solvent. The extract was made at 50mg/kgBB, 75mg/KgBB, and 100mg/KgBB in diabetic rats. The decrease in blood glucose levels of the negative control (27.27%) in this treatment was lower than that of glibenclamide (35.12%). The most significant decrease in blood glucose levels was achieved by 100 mg/kg BW, which was 44.85%. The treatment of Bajakah ethanol extract at various dose levels at the end of the observation showed a decrease in blood glucose levels but was not significantly different (p > 0.05). The results of this study did not show a significantly different decrease in blood glucose levels.   Keywords: antihyperglycemia, blood glucose, diabetes, bajakah

Hyperglycemia in diabetes mellitus (DM) increases the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). That condition causes a decrease in antioxidant defense activity in the body so that the body cannot fight free radicals and triggers diabetic macroangiopathy complications. One source of natural antioxidants is the Bajakah stem (Uncaria sp.). which has antioxidant and antihyperglycemic effects. so it is expected to inhibit oxidative damage in DM. This study aimed to determine the effect of the extract of bajakah stem on antihyperglycemic activity. the antioxidant enzyme activity of SOD. and MDA levels in streptozotocin-induced rats. This study used an experimental method consisting of 5 treatments: two control groups (NC. PC) and three treatment groups (P1. P2. P3). and five replications for 21 days. Antioxidant activity was measured by scavenging the activity of hydroxyl radicals. Furthermore. testing of antihyperglycemic and antioxidant activity using test animals (rats). divided into three doses. namely 100. 200. and 400 mg/kg BW. This study used one-way ANOVA and Duncan's mean difference test. Results showed that the ethanol extract of the bajakah stem (Uncaria sp.) contained alkaloids. flavonoids. tannins. saponins. triterpenoids. and steroids. The antioxidant activity test of the pirated extract obtained IC50 55.646 ppm. and a dose of 100 mg/kg BW had the best activity as antihyperglycemic. increased SOD enzyme activity. and decreased MDA levels

The Covid-19 pandemic came suddenly and has spread throughout the country, and infects many people. This condition has a broad impact on all areas of life, incl