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Prof. Dr. Raffaele Cavalli
Dept. TESAF - University of Padova

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Research Keywords & Expertise

0 Forest operations
0 Forest operations management
0 Forest operations in difficult terrain
0 Wood biomass harvesting and transport
0 Wood biofuels quality assessment

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Forest operations
Forest operations in difficult terrain

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Journal article
Published: 23 June 2021 in Forests
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Cable tensile forces in winch-assist harvesting have been investigated in order to assess the safety concerns of the technology. However, the literature is lacking, particularly in regards to the impact of winch design. In this study, a Summit Winch Assist tethering a feller-director on ground slopes up to 77% was monitored for four days. The cable tensile forces were simultaneously recorded at the harvesting and anchor machine at a frequency of 100 Hz. Cameras and GNSS devices enabled a time study of the operations and the recording of machine positions. Winch functionality and design were disclosed by the manufacturer and used for the interpretation of the results. The cable tensile forces reached 296 kN at the harvesting machine and 260 kN at the anchor machine. The slow negotiation of obstacles while moving downhill recorded the highest peaks, mainly due to threshold settings of the winch in the brake system activation. Lower but significant peaks were also recorded during stationary work tasks. The peaks, however, were limited to a few events and never exceeded the endurance limit of the cable. Overall, the study confirmed recent findings in cable tensile force analysis of active winch-assist operations and provided evidence of the underlaying mechanisms that contribute to cable tensile forces.

ACS Style

Omar Mologni; Eric Nance; C. Lyons; Luca Marchi; Stefano Grigolato; Raffaele Cavalli; Dominik Roeser. Cable Tensile Forces Associated to Winch Design in Tethered Harvesting Operations: A Case Study from the Pacific North West. Forests 2021, 12, 827 .

AMA Style

Omar Mologni, Eric Nance, C. Lyons, Luca Marchi, Stefano Grigolato, Raffaele Cavalli, Dominik Roeser. Cable Tensile Forces Associated to Winch Design in Tethered Harvesting Operations: A Case Study from the Pacific North West. Forests. 2021; 12 (7):827.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Omar Mologni; Eric Nance; C. Lyons; Luca Marchi; Stefano Grigolato; Raffaele Cavalli; Dominik Roeser. 2021. "Cable Tensile Forces Associated to Winch Design in Tethered Harvesting Operations: A Case Study from the Pacific North West." Forests 12, no. 7: 827.

Correction
Published: 18 June 2021 in European Journal of Forest Research
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ACS Style

Omar Mologni; C. Kevin Lyons; Luca Marchi; Dzhamal Amishev; Stefano Grigolato; Raffaele Cavalli; Dominik Röser. Correction to: Assessment of cable tensile forces in active winch-assist harvesting using an anchor machine configuration. European Journal of Forest Research 2021, 140, 761 -762.

AMA Style

Omar Mologni, C. Kevin Lyons, Luca Marchi, Dzhamal Amishev, Stefano Grigolato, Raffaele Cavalli, Dominik Röser. Correction to: Assessment of cable tensile forces in active winch-assist harvesting using an anchor machine configuration. European Journal of Forest Research. 2021; 140 (4):761-762.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Omar Mologni; C. Kevin Lyons; Luca Marchi; Dzhamal Amishev; Stefano Grigolato; Raffaele Cavalli; Dominik Röser. 2021. "Correction to: Assessment of cable tensile forces in active winch-assist harvesting using an anchor machine configuration." European Journal of Forest Research 140, no. 4: 761-762.

Original article
Published: 29 March 2021 in European Journal of Wood and Wood Products
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In accordance with sustainable economic and social development, Europe supports the use of energy from renewable sources to decrease the use of fossil fuels. Among renewable energy sources, wood, especially production wood waste from the supply chain, represents an exploitable source in line with a circular economy development. In this context, processing of residues produced by wood companies becomes an important resource. This work deals with the possible energy recovery of glued wood wastes. Two solid biofuels were produced from glued wood wastes: pellets and briquettes. They have been produced in collaboration with a local company and analyzed according to the applicable EN ISO international standards. The results were compared with the limits imposed by the standards in order to identify their quality class and their applicability to the current market. The amount of adhesive present in the wood wastes does not negatively affect the intrinsic characteristics of the material that is suitable for the production of solid biofuels. In addition, the amount of wood waste containing cross-linked polyurethane was calculated in order not to compromise the quality of solid biofuels made therefrom.

ACS Style

Emanuele Cesprini; Rosa Greco; Valerio Causin; Tiziana Urso; Raffaele Cavalli; Michela Zanetti. Quality assessment of pellets and briquettes made from glued wood waste. European Journal of Wood and Wood Products 2021, 1 -10.

AMA Style

Emanuele Cesprini, Rosa Greco, Valerio Causin, Tiziana Urso, Raffaele Cavalli, Michela Zanetti. Quality assessment of pellets and briquettes made from glued wood waste. European Journal of Wood and Wood Products. 2021; ():1-10.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Emanuele Cesprini; Rosa Greco; Valerio Causin; Tiziana Urso; Raffaele Cavalli; Michela Zanetti. 2021. "Quality assessment of pellets and briquettes made from glued wood waste." European Journal of Wood and Wood Products , no. : 1-10.

Journal article
Published: 14 January 2021 in Croatian journal of forest engineering
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Skyline tensile forces have been shown to frequently exceed the recommended safety limits during ordinary cable logging operations. Several models for skyline engineering analyses have been proposed. Although skyline tensile forces assume a dynamic behaviour, practical solutions are based on a static approach without consideration of the dynamic nature of the cable systems.The aim of this study was to compare field data of skyline tensile forces with the static calculations derived by dedicated available software such as SkylineXL. To overcome the limitation of static calculation, this work also aimed to simulate the actual response of the tensile fluctuations measured in the real environment by mean of a finite element model (FEM).Field observations of skyline tensile forces included 103 work cycles, recorded over four different cable lines in standing skyline configuration. Payload estimations, carriages positions, and time study of the logging operations were also collected in the field. The ground profiles and the cable line geometries were analysed using digital elevation models. The field data were then used to simulate the work cycles in SkylineXL. The dynamic response of six fully-suspended loads in a single-span cable line was also simulated by a dedicated FEM built through ANSYS®. The observed data and the software calculations were then compared.SkylineXL resulted particularly reliable in the prediction of the actual tensile forces, with RMSE ranging between 7.5 and 13.5 KN, linked to an average CV(RMSE) of 7.24%. The reliability in predicting the peak tensile forces was lower, reporting CV(RMSE) of 10.12%, but still not likely resulting in a safety or performance problem. If properly set-up and used, thus, SkylineXL could be considered appropriate for operational and practical purposes. This work, however, showed that finite element models could be successfully used for detailed analysis and simulation of the skyline tensile forces, including the dynamic oscillations due to the motion of the carriage and payload along the cable line. Further developments of this technique could also lead to the physical simulation and analysis of the log-to-ground interaction and the investigation of the breakout force during lateral skidding.

ACS Style

Omar Mologni; Luca Marchi; Kevin C. Lyons; Stefano Grigolato; Raffaele Cavalli; Dominik Röser. Skyline Tensile Forces in Cable Logging. Croatian journal of forest engineering 2021, 42, 1 .

AMA Style

Omar Mologni, Luca Marchi, Kevin C. Lyons, Stefano Grigolato, Raffaele Cavalli, Dominik Röser. Skyline Tensile Forces in Cable Logging. Croatian journal of forest engineering. 2021; 42 (2):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Omar Mologni; Luca Marchi; Kevin C. Lyons; Stefano Grigolato; Raffaele Cavalli; Dominik Röser. 2021. "Skyline Tensile Forces in Cable Logging." Croatian journal of forest engineering 42, no. 2: 1.

Original paper
Published: 06 January 2021 in European Journal of Forest Research
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The growing interest in accessing steep terrain is pushing the expansion of the operating range of ground-based machines through winch-assist technology. However, cable tensile forces remain a major concern in the advancement of this technology. In this study, cable tensile forces in a winch-assist harvesting operation based on an anchor machine configuration were investigated. A harvesting machine tethered on ground slopes of up to 103% (45.9°) was observed over four days. Cable tensile forces were recorded at both the harvesting and anchor machines, at a frequency of 100 and 10 Hz, respectively. Cameras and GNSS devices enabled the execution of a time and motion study and the recording of machine positions. At the harvesting machine, peak tensile forces of up to 400 kN were recorded. Downhill movements of the harvesting machine were the cause of the highest peaks which, however, never exceeded the endurance limit of the cable. Numerous local variations in cable tensile forces exceeded 50 kN for just a few hundredths of a second, with a maximum variation of 300 kN in less than a second. Movements of the harvesting machine were the main cause of the major local variations. Depending on work element and harvesting machine movements, cable tensile forces were higher at either the harvesting or anchor machines; however, the highest peak tensile forces per work element and the related working loads were always recorded at the harvesting machine. Some implementation steps for improving the safety of winch-assist harvesting operations using anchor machines are also discussed.

ACS Style

Omar Mologni; C. Kevin Lyons; Luca Marchi; Dzhamal Amishev; Stefano Grigolato; Raffaele Cavalli; Dominik Röser. Assessment of cable tensile forces in active winch-assist harvesting using an anchor machine configuration. European Journal of Forest Research 2021, 140, 745 -759.

AMA Style

Omar Mologni, C. Kevin Lyons, Luca Marchi, Dzhamal Amishev, Stefano Grigolato, Raffaele Cavalli, Dominik Röser. Assessment of cable tensile forces in active winch-assist harvesting using an anchor machine configuration. European Journal of Forest Research. 2021; 140 (4):745-759.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Omar Mologni; C. Kevin Lyons; Luca Marchi; Dzhamal Amishev; Stefano Grigolato; Raffaele Cavalli; Dominik Röser. 2021. "Assessment of cable tensile forces in active winch-assist harvesting using an anchor machine configuration." European Journal of Forest Research 140, no. 4: 745-759.

Conference paper
Published: 13 November 2020 in Environmental Sciences Proceedings
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A high volume of wood forest biomass is be available at the roadside when whole three (WT) harvesting systems are applied. Besides, salvage logging operations are favourable conditions to accumulate a large amount of low-quality biomass due to the recovery of damaged trees. In mountain regions, such as the Alps, the forest’s accessibility can be a significant constraint for the eco-efficiency of chipping operations. The present study aims at evaluating the efficiency of wood-chipping operations in mountain areas based on long-term monitoring. One chipper-truck was monitored over 1200 working hours using telemetry. Different efficiency parameters were collected: machine position, collected using Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receiver, and engine parameters, collected using the CAN Bus system based on J 1939. Efficiency parameters were used to compare different in-wood or landing configurations. The results show the influence of the different location of the chipping sites according to the road network. Chipping operations in space-constrained sites cause an increase in delay time and CO2 emissions.

ACS Style

Alberto Cadei; Luca Marchi; Omar Mologni; Raffaele Cavalli; Stefano Grigolato. Evaluation of Wood Chipping Efficiency through Long-Term Monitoring. Environmental Sciences Proceedings 2020, 3, 17 .

AMA Style

Alberto Cadei, Luca Marchi, Omar Mologni, Raffaele Cavalli, Stefano Grigolato. Evaluation of Wood Chipping Efficiency through Long-Term Monitoring. Environmental Sciences Proceedings. 2020; 3 (1):17.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Alberto Cadei; Luca Marchi; Omar Mologni; Raffaele Cavalli; Stefano Grigolato. 2020. "Evaluation of Wood Chipping Efficiency through Long-Term Monitoring." Environmental Sciences Proceedings 3, no. 1: 17.

Journal article
Published: 29 October 2020 in International Journal of Forest Engineering
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ACS Style

Luca Marchi; Davide Trutalli; Omar Mologni; Raimondo Gallo; Dominik Roeser; Raffaele Cavalli; Stefano Grigolato. Mechanical response of natural anchors in cable logging. International Journal of Forest Engineering 2020, 32, 29 -42.

AMA Style

Luca Marchi, Davide Trutalli, Omar Mologni, Raimondo Gallo, Dominik Roeser, Raffaele Cavalli, Stefano Grigolato. Mechanical response of natural anchors in cable logging. International Journal of Forest Engineering. 2020; 32 (1):29-42.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Luca Marchi; Davide Trutalli; Omar Mologni; Raimondo Gallo; Dominik Roeser; Raffaele Cavalli; Stefano Grigolato. 2020. "Mechanical response of natural anchors in cable logging." International Journal of Forest Engineering 32, no. 1: 29-42.

Journal article
Published: 23 October 2020 in Forests
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The EU is one of the largest producers and consumers of wood pellets in the world, covering around 36% of the global wood pellet production and around 50% of the global consumption in 2018. The EU wood pellet consumption is expected to further increase in response to the ambitious energy and climate goals for 2030. Currently, wood pellets are mainly produced from sawdust and other sawmill residues; however, other types of forest feedstock are being investigated in order to meet the increasing wood pellet demand and move toward greater energy independence. The aim of this study is to evaluate and compare the environmental impact of different wood pellet supply chains. A comparative cradle-to-grave life cycle assessment is performed considering the following wood feedstock systems: (i) sawdust from sawmill (S1), (ii) roundwood logs (S2), (iii) whole trees from forest thinning operation (S3), and (iv) logging residues produced during forest tree harvesting (S4). The study focuses on Global Warming Potential (GWP), Ozone Depletion Potential (ODP), Photochemical Ozone Creation Potential (POCP), and Human Toxicity Potential (HTP). Results show that S3 displays the lowest figures on all the environmental impact categories considered in this study. Compared to the reference case S1, S3 shows a GWP reduction of 46%, an ODP reduction of 6.6%, a POCP reduction of 14.8%, and HTP reduction of 13.2%. S3 and S4 have lower GWP than S1 and S2, even when the biogenic CO2 emissions are considered. Overall, the life cycle phases that have the highest GWP, POCP, and HTP are the burning phase and the preparation of the material to be pelletized, particularly the drying process. Nevertheless, the main phases that contribute to the ODP are the forest operations and the pellet preparation.

ACS Style

Andrea Sgarbossa; Martina Boschiero; Francesca Pierobon; Raffaele Cavalli; Michela Zanetti. Comparative Life Cycle Assessment of Bioenergy Production from Different Wood Pellet Supply Chains. Forests 2020, 11, 1127 .

AMA Style

Andrea Sgarbossa, Martina Boschiero, Francesca Pierobon, Raffaele Cavalli, Michela Zanetti. Comparative Life Cycle Assessment of Bioenergy Production from Different Wood Pellet Supply Chains. Forests. 2020; 11 (11):1127.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Andrea Sgarbossa; Martina Boschiero; Francesca Pierobon; Raffaele Cavalli; Michela Zanetti. 2020. "Comparative Life Cycle Assessment of Bioenergy Production from Different Wood Pellet Supply Chains." Forests 11, no. 11: 1127.

Journal article
Published: 19 March 2020 in Forests
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Large scale windthrow salvage logging is increasing in Central Europe because of the growth of severe atmospheric events due to global heating. Sustainable forest operations in these conditions are challenging in terms of both productivity performances and safety of the operations. Fully mechanized harvesting systems are the preferred solution on trafficable terrains and proper slopes. However, different work methods and logistic organization of the operations could largely change the overall performances. The study observed three harvesting sites based on fully mechanized cut-to-length systems and located in areas affected by the Vaia storm, which hit north-eastern Italy in October 2018. The objectives were to estimate forwarder productivity in salvage logging in difficult terrain and to identify significant variables affecting this productivity under real working conditions. Time and motion studies were carried out and covered 59.9 PMH15, for a total of 101 working cycles, extracting a total volume of 1277 m3 of timber. Average time consumption for each site was 38.7, 42.2, and 25.1 PMH15 with average productivity of 22.5, 18.5, and 29.4 m3/PMH15, respectively, for Sites A, B, and C. A total of seven explanatory variables significantly affected forwarder productivity. Average load volume, maximum machine inclination during loading, and number of logs positively affected the productivity. On the contrary, travel distance, load volume, maximum ground slope during moving and loading have a negative influence. With an average travel distance of 500 m, the productivity resulted 20.52, 16.31, and 23.03 m3/PMH15, respectively, for Sites A, B, and C. An increase of 200 m of travel distance causes a decrease in productivity of 6%.

ACS Style

Alberto Cadei; Omar Mologni; Dominik Röser; Raffaele Cavalli; Stefano Grigolato. Forwarder Productivity in Salvage Logging Operations in Difficult Terrain. Forests 2020, 11, 341 .

AMA Style

Alberto Cadei, Omar Mologni, Dominik Röser, Raffaele Cavalli, Stefano Grigolato. Forwarder Productivity in Salvage Logging Operations in Difficult Terrain. Forests. 2020; 11 (3):341.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Alberto Cadei; Omar Mologni; Dominik Röser; Raffaele Cavalli; Stefano Grigolato. 2020. "Forwarder Productivity in Salvage Logging Operations in Difficult Terrain." Forests 11, no. 3: 341.

Journal article
Published: 31 October 2019 in [email protected] - Rivista di Selvicoltura ed Ecologia Forestale
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In the restoration works after the VAIA storm, one problem concerns the removal of above ground stumps. Since any mechanical method will hardly provide positive results, one possibility, reported in this note, concerns the idea of using micro-size charges of explosive to split the above-ground tree stumps. [email protected] is an Open Access, peer-reviewed online journal published by the Italian Society of Silviculture and Forest Ecology (SISEF). The journal encompasses a broad range of research aspects concerning forest science, with special interest to sustainable management of forest ecosystems and its biological and ecological bases. [email protected] è la rivista online open-access pubblicata dalla Società Italiana di Selvicoltura ed Ecologia Forestale (SISEF). La rivista copre varie discipline delle scienze forestali e ambientali, con particolare riguardo alla gestione sostenibile degli ecosistemi forestali e alle sue basi biologiche ed ecologiche.

ACS Style

R Cavalli. On the use of micro-size charges of explosive to split above-ground tree stumps. [email protected] - Rivista di Selvicoltura ed Ecologia Forestale 2019, 16, 48 -48.

AMA Style

R Cavalli. On the use of micro-size charges of explosive to split above-ground tree stumps. [email protected] - Rivista di Selvicoltura ed Ecologia Forestale. 2019; 16 (5):48-48.

Chicago/Turabian Style

R Cavalli. 2019. "On the use of micro-size charges of explosive to split above-ground tree stumps." [email protected] - Rivista di Selvicoltura ed Ecologia Forestale 16, no. 5: 48-48.

Journal article
Published: 19 July 2019 in International Journal of Forest Engineering
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ACS Style

Yozo Yamada; Raffaele Cavalli; Yasushi Suzuki. Introduction for IJFE special issue “productivity and safety of final cutting on mountain forests”. International Journal of Forest Engineering 2019, 30, 174 -174.

AMA Style

Yozo Yamada, Raffaele Cavalli, Yasushi Suzuki. Introduction for IJFE special issue “productivity and safety of final cutting on mountain forests”. International Journal of Forest Engineering. 2019; 30 (3):174-174.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yozo Yamada; Raffaele Cavalli; Yasushi Suzuki. 2019. "Introduction for IJFE special issue “productivity and safety of final cutting on mountain forests”." International Journal of Forest Engineering 30, no. 3: 174-174.

Original paper
Published: 02 July 2019 in European Journal of Forest Research
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This study analysed the skyline tensile forces in 502 complete work cycles during ordinary cable logging operations on 12 different cable lines in the Italian Alps. The objectives of the research were to quantify the frequency of exceeding the recommended safe working limits and to determine the skyline peak tensile forces and dynamic amplifications, as well as their explanatory variables. Data collection was based on skyline tensile force monitoring synchronized with the video recording of the logging operations and the monitoring of the carriage positions. The load volumes were measured at the landing, and the total loads were estimated for each cycle. The results showed 55% of the work cycles exceeding the safe working load. The highest peak tensile forces were often recorded while starting the load moving during lateral skid. High-peak tensile forces were also recorded during inhaul, where the tensile forces were amplified by the cyclic load behaviour. It appears that some operators underestimate the effects of pretension, payload, and cable line geometry on the magnitude of the skyline tensile force. The complexity in identifying reliable theoretical models inclusive of dynamic amplifications and the inefficacy of the load limiters installed on the machines highlighted the need to improve the best practices within the operators, and to adopt technical solutions for the continuous skyline tensile force monitoring during ordinary cable logging operations.

ACS Style

Omar Mologni; C. Kevin Lyons; Giulio Zambon; Andrea R. Proto; Giuseppe Zimbalatti; Raffaele Cavalli; Stefano Grigolato. Skyline tensile force monitoring of mobile tower yarders operating in the Italian Alps. European Journal of Forest Research 2019, 138, 847 -862.

AMA Style

Omar Mologni, C. Kevin Lyons, Giulio Zambon, Andrea R. Proto, Giuseppe Zimbalatti, Raffaele Cavalli, Stefano Grigolato. Skyline tensile force monitoring of mobile tower yarders operating in the Italian Alps. European Journal of Forest Research. 2019; 138 (5):847-862.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Omar Mologni; C. Kevin Lyons; Giulio Zambon; Andrea R. Proto; Giuseppe Zimbalatti; Raffaele Cavalli; Stefano Grigolato. 2019. "Skyline tensile force monitoring of mobile tower yarders operating in the Italian Alps." European Journal of Forest Research 138, no. 5: 847-862.

Articles
Published: 18 April 2019 in International Journal of Forest Engineering
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While modern fully mechanized ground-based systems are a default option for safe and productive harvesting, they have always been limited by terrain factors such as slope, soil strength, and roughness. There is a limit with regard to the physical feasibility of operating machines on steep slopes because both the weight and also the force from the momentum created during traction loss can affect stability. A huge interest to improve traction of harvesting machines when operating on steep slopes is arising. One way to improve traction and stability on steep slopes is through assisting harvesting machines by winch and cable to anchor locations such as tree stumps or stationary equipment. This technology offers potential for improving the safety, productivity, and efficiency of a harvesting operation, as well as for improving machine mobility and reducing soil disturbance through the reduction of slip. With the exponential development of such technology, an integrated approach must be developed for conducting productive and injury-free mechanical harvesting operations on steep slopes that draws on the skills and accountabilities of the working team. Beyond a certain physical threshold, the only feasible and achievable solution providing some “intelligent behavior” to machines and systems would be the role of mechatronics application. One of the most relevant points could be the possibility to introduce the concept of “teleoperation” using unmanned ground vehicles. Combining teleoperation with winch-assist technology would provide a platform for extending the range of ground-based equipment to previously infeasible terrain conditions.

ACS Style

Raffaele Cavalli; Dzhamal Amishev. Steep terrain forest operations – challenges, technology development, current implementation, and future opportunities. International Journal of Forest Engineering 2019, 30, 175 -181.

AMA Style

Raffaele Cavalli, Dzhamal Amishev. Steep terrain forest operations – challenges, technology development, current implementation, and future opportunities. International Journal of Forest Engineering. 2019; 30 (3):175-181.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Raffaele Cavalli; Dzhamal Amishev. 2019. "Steep terrain forest operations – challenges, technology development, current implementation, and future opportunities." International Journal of Forest Engineering 30, no. 3: 175-181.

Journal article
Published: 01 March 2019 in Journal of Environmental Quality
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Vegetated buffer strips (BS) are recognized as a cost-effective way to reduce agricultural nonpoint-source pollution. In agroecosystems with high field fragmentation, only narrow BS that partially compromise farmers’ revenue are accepted. This study aimed to identify some ecosystem services as provided by BS in terms of soil and water quality, and BS performance in terms of wood for energy purposes. Buffer strip design (3 vs. 6 m wide) and composition were considered to define best practices for wood use at the farm level and for the local firewood market. Results showed that yearly wood pole production was 0.5 t 100 m−1, on average, ranging between a minimum of 0.22 t 100 m−1 and a maximum of 0.72 t 100 m−1 per row. Wood production had negligible effects on farmers’ revenue. By contrast, water quality was enhanced, especially with 6-m-wide BS. Specific subsidies for the maintenance of BS increased total income despite a reduction in crop production (−17.5% in 6-m BS with two rows). Subsidies might be better quantified at a site-specific level by taking into account all ecosystem services that are provided by BS. Promising solutions to increase farmers’ income are related to the wood seasoning process for firewood production; reducing the moisture content to <25% before the start of the winter season increases its market value. Copyright © 2019. . Copyright © by the American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, and Soil Science Society of America, Inc.

ACS Style

Nicola Dal Ferro; Maurizio Borin; Alessandra Cardinali; Raffaele Cavalli; Stefano Grigolato; Giuseppe Zanin. Buffer Strips on the Low-Lying Plain of Veneto Region (Italy): Environmental Benefits and Efficient Use of Wood as an Energy Resource. Journal of Environmental Quality 2019, 48, 280 -288.

AMA Style

Nicola Dal Ferro, Maurizio Borin, Alessandra Cardinali, Raffaele Cavalli, Stefano Grigolato, Giuseppe Zanin. Buffer Strips on the Low-Lying Plain of Veneto Region (Italy): Environmental Benefits and Efficient Use of Wood as an Energy Resource. Journal of Environmental Quality. 2019; 48 (2):280-288.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Nicola Dal Ferro; Maurizio Borin; Alessandra Cardinali; Raffaele Cavalli; Stefano Grigolato; Giuseppe Zanin. 2019. "Buffer Strips on the Low-Lying Plain of Veneto Region (Italy): Environmental Benefits and Efficient Use of Wood as an Energy Resource." Journal of Environmental Quality 48, no. 2: 280-288.

Review
Published: 01 August 2018 in Forests
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Tree stability assessment is fundamental to preserve the safety of both people and goods. This topic attributes high relevance to cable-supported harvesting where trees and stumps are used as supporting and anchoring elements. In this case, the applied external loads are characterized by higher magnitude and dynamic amplification effects than the typical forces acting on trees (e.g., those derived from meteorological events). Consequently, due to the higher forces involved on cable-supported harvesting on relatively young trees used as supports and anchors, the risk of uprooting and stem failures is real. Numerous studies have been conducted on tree stability and the impact of the external loads has been positively linked to the consequent tree failures, in terms of root-plate overturning and stem breakages, or parasite-mediated wood decay involving the root system, thus giving a better understanding of how different trees species deal with such occurrences. This review aims to synthetize and examine the main aspects covered by research works available in literature that, directly or indirectly, might be helpful in clarifying the behavior of standing trees or tree stumps used as supports and anchors in cable-supported forest operations. Lastly, areas that lack research in this particular topic as well as consequent operating suggestions are highlighted in the conclusions.

ACS Style

Luca Marchi; Stefano Grigolato; Omar Mologni; Roberto Scotta; Raffaele Cavalli; Lucio Montecchio. State of the Art on the Use of Trees as Supports and Anchors in Forest Operations. Forests 2018, 9, 467 .

AMA Style

Luca Marchi, Stefano Grigolato, Omar Mologni, Roberto Scotta, Raffaele Cavalli, Lucio Montecchio. State of the Art on the Use of Trees as Supports and Anchors in Forest Operations. Forests. 2018; 9 (8):467.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Luca Marchi; Stefano Grigolato; Omar Mologni; Roberto Scotta; Raffaele Cavalli; Lucio Montecchio. 2018. "State of the Art on the Use of Trees as Supports and Anchors in Forest Operations." Forests 9, no. 8: 467.

Original
Published: 11 May 2018 in European Journal of Wood and Wood Products
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The effect a wooden-built environment exerts on the physical and psychological well-being of people has mostly been investigated by evaluation, through a limited number of sensory modalities, of small size stimuli. In this research, two real-size wooden and plaster indoor settings were used to examine the influence of wood on people’s emotions and perceptions. Three questionnaires assessed participants’ multimodal sensory, affective, and cognitive responses to the settings (Semantic Differential questionnaire), their emotional state (Positive and Negative Affect Schedule), and their environmental behaviour and biophilia degree (Nature Relatedness Scale). The results revealed that wood induces more positive emotions than plaster, and that individual biophilia degree appears to influence the tactile, auditory, and olfactory evaluation of the settings. It furthermore indicates how wood used in real buildings positively influences human psychological well-being and highlights the importance of considering multiple sensory modalities when investigating wood–human interaction.

ACS Style

M. Luisa Demattè; Gesualdo M. Zucco; Sergio Roncato; Paola Gatto; Elena Paulon; Raffaele Cavalli; Michela Zanetti. New insights into the psychological dimension of wood–human interaction. European Journal of Wood and Wood Products 2018, 76, 1093 -1100.

AMA Style

M. Luisa Demattè, Gesualdo M. Zucco, Sergio Roncato, Paola Gatto, Elena Paulon, Raffaele Cavalli, Michela Zanetti. New insights into the psychological dimension of wood–human interaction. European Journal of Wood and Wood Products. 2018; 76 (4):1093-1100.

Chicago/Turabian Style

M. Luisa Demattè; Gesualdo M. Zucco; Sergio Roncato; Paola Gatto; Elena Paulon; Raffaele Cavalli; Michela Zanetti. 2018. "New insights into the psychological dimension of wood–human interaction." European Journal of Wood and Wood Products 76, no. 4: 1093-1100.

Article
Published: 20 January 2018 in Environmental Monitoring and Assessment
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The use of helicopter rises discussion about environmental noise propagation especially when it operates in proximity of environmentally sensitive areas (ESAs) for an extended period because of its potential implications in wildlife behaviours. In order to support decisions on helicopter logging operation management in proximity of ESAs, this study focused on (i) analysing the noise spectrum of a light-lift helicopter during logging operations and on (ii) assessing the noise propagation in the surrounding environments. This study investigated a helicopter logging operation for wood fuel extraction in the eastern part of the Italian Alps. The potential disturbance area covered for the entire helicopter logging operation was evaluated by a specific GIS application according to hearing sensitivity of the most sensitive wildlife species in the study area (different strigiform species). The noise level at the ground appeared to be affected by the location regardless both the use of equivalent continuous sound pressures level dB(A) (LAeq) and the single-event level (SEL) noise metrics. The lowest values were recorded when the helicopter was flown over the sound meter level located under the forest canopy, while the highest was recorded when the helicopter was unhooking the loads at the landing. The GIS application highlighted the consistent of the exceeded noise area (weighted to strigiform hearing range and sensitivity) for the lower frequency bands (0.016–0.250 kHz). A more restricted exceeded noise area concerned instead the most sensitive frequency bands" for the strigiform (1–2 kHz).

ACS Style

Stefano Grigolato; Omar Mologni; Andrea Rosario Proto; Giuseppe Zimbalatti; Raffaele Cavalli. Assessment of noise level and noise propagation generated by light-lift helicopters in mountain natural environments. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 2018, 190, 88 .

AMA Style

Stefano Grigolato, Omar Mologni, Andrea Rosario Proto, Giuseppe Zimbalatti, Raffaele Cavalli. Assessment of noise level and noise propagation generated by light-lift helicopters in mountain natural environments. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment. 2018; 190 (2):88.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Stefano Grigolato; Omar Mologni; Andrea Rosario Proto; Giuseppe Zimbalatti; Raffaele Cavalli. 2018. "Assessment of noise level and noise propagation generated by light-lift helicopters in mountain natural environments." Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 190, no. 2: 88.

Brief original
Published: 26 October 2017 in European Journal of Wood and Wood Products
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In 2014, the European standards of solid biofuel classification have been replaced by the International ISO standards. Considering wood chips, the main change concerns the definition of particle size distribution classes. This change in the quality, as a consequence of the new standard rules, has been quantified using 206 wood chips samples. The results show an improved classification of particle size distribution of woodchips with a reduction of not classified samples from 40 to 14% and an increase in samples belonging to the dimensionally smaller particle size classes.

ACS Style

Michela Zanetti; Rosa Greco; Corrado Costa; Raffaele Cavalli. Changes of particle size classification of wood chips according to the new standard rules for domestic use. European Journal of Wood and Wood Products 2017, 76, 805 -807.

AMA Style

Michela Zanetti, Rosa Greco, Corrado Costa, Raffaele Cavalli. Changes of particle size classification of wood chips according to the new standard rules for domestic use. European Journal of Wood and Wood Products. 2017; 76 (2):805-807.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Michela Zanetti; Rosa Greco; Corrado Costa; Raffaele Cavalli. 2017. "Changes of particle size classification of wood chips according to the new standard rules for domestic use." European Journal of Wood and Wood Products 76, no. 2: 805-807.

Journal article
Published: 21 September 2017 in Energies
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The quality requirements of wood biofuels are regulated by a series of harmonized international standards. These standards define the technical parameter limits that influence the quality of solid biomass as a fuel. In 2014 the European reference standard for solid biofuel was replaced by the International ISO standard. In the case of wood chips, the main difference between the European and International standards is the definition of particle size distribution classes. In this context, this study analyses the quality of wood chips and its variation over the years according to the “former” (EN 14691-4) and “in force” (ISO 17225-4) standards. A Soft Independent Modelling of Class Analogy (SIMCA) model was built to predict the best quality of wood chips and to clarify the relationship between quality and standard parameters, time and changes in the standard regulations. The results show that, compared to the EN standards, classification with the ISO standards increases the samples belonging to the best quality classes and decreases the not classified samples. Furthermore, all the SIMCA models have a high sensitivity (>90%), reflect the differences introduced to the quality standards and are therefore suitable for monitoring the quality of wood chips and their changes.

ACS Style

Michela Zanetti; Corrado Costa; Rosa Greco; Stefano Grigolato; Giovanna Ottaviani Aalmo; Raffaele Cavalli. How Wood Fuels’ Quality Relates to the Standards: A Class-Modelling Approach. Energies 2017, 10, 1455 .

AMA Style

Michela Zanetti, Corrado Costa, Rosa Greco, Stefano Grigolato, Giovanna Ottaviani Aalmo, Raffaele Cavalli. How Wood Fuels’ Quality Relates to the Standards: A Class-Modelling Approach. Energies. 2017; 10 (10):1455.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Michela Zanetti; Corrado Costa; Rosa Greco; Stefano Grigolato; Giovanna Ottaviani Aalmo; Raffaele Cavalli. 2017. "How Wood Fuels’ Quality Relates to the Standards: A Class-Modelling Approach." Energies 10, no. 10: 1455.

Journal article
Published: 01 June 2017 in Journal of Agricultural Engineering
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Nowadays many types of biomass are studied to satisfy the increased demand of renewable energy based on pellet combustion. However, only a few biomasses fulfil the high quality standard required for pellet used in domestic appliances. European and International standards in force define this quality of non-industrial use of pellets in term of the origin of biomass, physical, mechanical and chemical parameters. Vineyard residues are a worldwide potential source of energy but their compliance to be used in domestic pellet stoves has not been yet proven according to the new standards in force. In order to meet this need, this study makes an exhaustive characterisation of vineyard based pellets manufactured from residues of Prosecco (Glera variety) vineyards, assessing both the quality of biofuel and its behaviour during combustion in a domestic pellet stove. The quality of biofuel has been evaluated according to the in force standards for wood and non-woody pellets. The results show that vineyard pellets do not meet the type B quality standards required for non-industrial use of wood pellet mainly because of the high amount of ash content (>2%) and the high amount of copper (>10 ppm) but they fulfil the specifications of the type B non-woody pellets. Furthermore, during combustion test of vineyard-based pellet the high emission of CO indicates incomplete combustion; and vineyard- based pellet NOx emissions are more than double compared to those obtained during the control tests, confirming that the analysed vineyard-based pellets are unsuitable, as they are, for use in traditional pellet stoves.

ACS Style

Michela Zanetti; Benoît Brandelet; Diletta Marini; Andrea Sgarbossa; Chiara Giorio; Denis Badocco; Andrea Tapparo; Stefano Grigolato; Caroline Rogaume; Yann Rogaume; Raffaele Cavalli. Vineyard pruning residues pellets for use in domestic appliances: a quality assessment according to the EN ISO 17225. Journal of Agricultural Engineering 2017, 48, 99 .

AMA Style

Michela Zanetti, Benoît Brandelet, Diletta Marini, Andrea Sgarbossa, Chiara Giorio, Denis Badocco, Andrea Tapparo, Stefano Grigolato, Caroline Rogaume, Yann Rogaume, Raffaele Cavalli. Vineyard pruning residues pellets for use in domestic appliances: a quality assessment according to the EN ISO 17225. Journal of Agricultural Engineering. 2017; 48 (2):99.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Michela Zanetti; Benoît Brandelet; Diletta Marini; Andrea Sgarbossa; Chiara Giorio; Denis Badocco; Andrea Tapparo; Stefano Grigolato; Caroline Rogaume; Yann Rogaume; Raffaele Cavalli. 2017. "Vineyard pruning residues pellets for use in domestic appliances: a quality assessment according to the EN ISO 17225." Journal of Agricultural Engineering 48, no. 2: 99.