Background/Objectives: The relationship between multiple sclerosis (MS) disability and co-occurring non-motor symptomatology is not well understood. This study examined the association between disability status and non-motor symptoms—sleep quality, depression, anxiety, and fatigue—in people with multiple sclerosis (MS), as well as the contribution of sleep quality to the prediction of fatigue, depression, and anxiety in MS. Methods: A cross-sectional study included 469 MS and 369 control subjects. Disability status of MS subjects was assessed with the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS), while fatigue, depression, anxiety, and sleep quality were evaluated with the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), respectively. Statistical analyses encompassed group comparisons, Pearson correlations, and hierarchical regression models adjusted for age, sex, and EDSS. Results: The results show that MS subjects exhibited higher FSS, HADS-D, and PSQI scores than controls, with intercorrelations and only weak associations with EDSS severity (r = 0.15–0.29). Moreover, PSQI global and HADS-D scores increased with higher EDSS severity, while FSS scores peaked in the moderate EDSS range (4.5–6.5). Global PSQI score independently predicted FSS, HADS-D, and HADS-A. Daytime dysfunction, sleep disturbances, and sleep medication use significantly predicted FSS, HADS-D, and HADS-A scores. Conclusions: Study findings highlight the role of sleep quality in exacerbating depression, anxiety, and fatigue in MS.

U posljednje se vrijeme sve češće primjećuje sklonost učenika i studenata da važne obveze odgađaju do trenutka kada ih više nije moguće izbjeći. Uspješnost izvršavanja zadataka, mentalno zdravlje i opća kvaliteta života samo su neki od aspekata ukupne dobrobiti pojedinca na koje prokrastinacija negativno utječe. Ipak, neka istraživanja upućuju na to da odnosi među akademskom prokrastinacijom i čimbenicima poput samoučinkovitosti, depresivnosti, anksioznosti i stresa još uvijek nisu u potpunosti razjašnjeni. Shodno tomu, ključno je dodatno istražiti navedena područja da bi se unaprijedilo teorijsko razumijevanje i razvile učinkovite praktične intervencije s jasno definiranim ciljevima. Cilj je ovoga istraživanja bio ispitati odnose prokrastinacije, samoučinkovitosti, stresa, anksioznosti i depresivnosti na uzorku studenata s područja Republike Hrvatske. U istraživanju je sudjelovao 931 student, od čega 819 (88 %) žena i 112 (12 %) muškaraca. Sudionici su ispunjavali Upitnik sociodemografskih podataka, Tuckmanovu skalu prokrastinacije, Skalu akademske samoučinkovitosti i Skalu depresivnosti, anksioznosti i stresa. Za statističku obradu podataka korištena je analiza traga kojom je utvrđeno da studenti koji više prokrastiniraju svoju samoučinkovitost procjenjuju nižom te doživljavaju više stresa, kao i simptoma anksioznosti i depresije. Također, studenti koji svoju samoučinkovitost procjenjuju višom doživljavaju manje stresa te simptoma anksioznosti i depresije. Usto, utvrđeno je da, za razliku od dobi, prosjek ocjena i stres izravno doprinose objašnjenju varijance prokrastinacije, dok prosjek ocjena, stres i dob neizravno doprinose objašnjenju varijance prokrastinacije preko samoučinkovitosti. Jednak je obrazac rezultata bio prisutan i kod anksioznosti i depresivnosti.

Background/Objectives: Visual evoked potential (VEP) P100 maximum latency is known to predict fatigue and cognition in multiple sclerosis (MS). However, the relationship between VEP and neurological (impairment)/neuropsychological status is not well understood in MS. Therefore, the aim of the present prospective cross-sectional study was to investigate associations among VEP, neurological impairment, and neuropsychological status in MS. Methods: The study included 25 subjects with primary progressive MS (PPMS), with a median EDSS score of 4.5, and 30 control subjects. Neurological status of PPMS subjects was evaluated with the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS), while neuropsychological assessment included the Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT), Nine-Hole Peg Test (9HPT), Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21), and Multiple Sclerosis Impact Scale (MSIS-29). Statistical analysis included group comparisons, Spearman correlations, multivariable linear regression analyses, bidirectional stepwise selection, and a parsimonious multivariable model. Results: PPMS subjects had significantly prolonged P100 maximum latencies (p < 0.01) compared to control subjects, as well as significantly poorer performance on the 9HPT (p < 0.01) and higher fatigue scores (FSS; p < 0.01). In multivariable analyses within the PPMS group, disease duration was independently associated with the EDSS (p = 0.009), whereas neuropsychological measures were intercorrelated (ρ > 0.45) and associated with the EDSS at intermediate stages of model selection. P100 maximum latency showed a positive but non-significant association after adjustment for sex and disease duration in the parsimonious model, which explained approximately 49% of the variance in the EDSS. Conclusions: The findings provide insight into the complex interplay among neurophysiological (VEP), neuropsychological and neurological status in MS.