Background/Objectives: Fibromyalgia (FM) is a chronic pain syndrome often associated with musculoskeletal tenderness, fatigue, and sleep disturbances. Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) and bruxism are frequently observed comorbidities in patients with FM, yet their objective assessment remains limited. This study aimed to evaluate masticatory muscle activity in patients with fibromyalgia and temporomandibular disorders using both static surface electromyography (sEMG) and a 24 h portable EMG device (Dia-BRUXO^®). Methods: Thirty female patients (mean age 53.6 ± 10.5 years) underwent comprehensive clinical and gnathological evaluations, followed by static EMG recordings of the masseter and temporalis muscles and continuous monitoring of the left masseter over a 24 h period. Results: Results revealed a significantly higher number of bruxism episodes during wakefulness (80.9 ± 130.8) compared to sleep (24.0 ± 26.8; p < 0.0001). The Masseter Time Index (MTI) and Masseter Work Index (MWI) were also significantly higher during wakefulness (p < 0.001), indicating a predominance of daytime masticatory muscle activity. Static sEMG analysis showed generally preserved bilateral muscle symmetry, accompanied by mild imbalances in occlusal load distribution and increased global muscle activation. Conclusions: These findings suggest that patients with fibromyalgia and temporomandibular disorders exhibit increased baseline masticatory muscle activity, particularly during wakefulness, possibly reflecting sustained neuromuscular tension. Continuous EMG monitoring appears to provide an objective tool for characterizing bruxism patterns and complements clinical assessment and self-reported data. However, the absence of a control group and the exclusive inclusion of female patients limit the generalizability of the results. Further studies including appropriate comparison groups are needed to clarify the specificity and clinical implications of these findings.

Background/Objectives: Professional motorsport imposes substantial biomechanical, postural, and cognitive demands that require continuous neuromuscular adaptations to ensure vehicle control and head stabilization during competition. Although the cranio-cervico-mandibular system may contribute to these adaptive responses, its role in rally performance remains poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate neuromuscular adaptations of the cranio-cervico-mandibular system in professional rally drivers under real-world racing conditions and to explore the relationship between masticatory muscle activity, cervical involvement, and jaw-clenching behavior. Methods: Twenty professional drivers and co-drivers participating in the 110th Targa Florio Rally were enrolled in the study. All participants underwent static surface electromyography (sEMG) assessment using the Teethan^® system to evaluate the masseter, anterior temporalis, and sternocleidomastoid muscles. During competition, dynamic masseter muscle activity was monitored using the dia-BRUXO^® system. Neuromuscular balance parameters, cervical involvement, masseter muscle activity, and clenching and grinding episodes were analyzed. Results: Participants showed a generally preserved baseline stomatognathic neuromuscular balance, with greater inter-individual variability in cervical involvement. During competition, clenching episodes were significantly more frequent than grinding episodes (p < 0.001). A moderate positive correlation was observed between Cervical Load and the number of clenching episodes (rho = 0.570, p = 0.011). No significant correlations were found between stomatognathic functional indices and dynamic bruxism-related parameters. Conclusions: Professional rally drivers exhibited increased masticatory muscle activity during competition, predominantly characterized by jaw clenching. The association observed between Cervical Load and clenching episodes suggests a statistical concomitance between cervical and masticatory muscle recruitment, which reaches high levels in these elite athletes but requires further longitudinal research to confirm a directional functional interaction in cranio-cervical stabilization during high-demand driving tasks.

Background: Fibromyalgia (FM) is a chronic pain syndrome characterized by widespread musculoskeletal pain, fatigue, unrefreshed sleep, and cognitive disturbances. Despite extensive research, its pathophysiology remains incompletely understood, and there are no validated biomarkers for diagnosis. Videocapillaroscopy is a non-invasive imaging technique that enables detailed visualization of microvascular structures and may provide insights into microcirculatory alterations associated with FM. Methods: Thirty patients with FM and 30 healthy controls underwent oral videocapillaroscopy at four sites: right and left buccal mucosa and upper and lower labial mucosa. Quantitative parameters, including capillary caliber, density, and length, were extracted using a validated neural-network-based software, while qualitative parameters, including visibility, orientation, and the presence of microhemorrhages, were assessed by the operator. Results: Capillary length was significantly reduced in fibromyalgia patients (297.49 ± 26.82 µm) compared to healthy controls (324.43 ± 37.59 µm; p = 0.002), and capillary orientation differed significantly between groups (p < 0.05). Capillary caliber, density, and visibility did not show statistically significant differences. Conclusions: These findings indicate subtle microvascular alterations in the oral mucosa of patients with fibromyalgia. Although the observed changes are not sufficient for diagnostic purposes or early detection, they provide preliminary evidence that videocapillaroscopy can detect microvascular features associated with FM in the oral mucosa. Further studies with larger cohorts and longitudinal designs are warranted to clarify the clinical relevance of these observations and to explore their potential association with symptom severity or disease progression.