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Sewon Kim
Intelligent Mechatronics Engineering Department, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Korea

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Journal article
Published: 22 July 2021 in Sustainability
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The Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) technology has been applied to various industrial areas not only to improve economic efficiency but also to obtain environmental and safety benefits. We paid attention to the unresolved issues of Arctic development to establish a balance between economic feasibility and social values and suggest the 4IR technologies as the solution for this. The master concept of application of the 4IR technology to NSR sailing is presented. Further, we conducted a case study for autonomous vessels. A cost breakdown structure model is specified to compare the total costs of traditional and autonomous vessels. Then, we conducted scenario analysis to investigate the economic and social effects of autonomous vessels by season and route. The results show that autonomous vessels have economic benefits compared to the traditional vessel even in the winter season, and if we realize autonomous vessels in the NSR, there are more cost saving effects than in the Suez Canal Route (SCR) in any season. As for the environmental benefits, autonomous vessels have lower gas emissions and reduced water disposal compared to the traditional vessel. Further, autonomous vessels could be a solution to provide a better crew working environment by minimizing the number of people on board. The contribution of this research is that, first, we utilize real fuel oil consumption measurement data to estimate the voyage expenses, and, second, this is a novel attempt of applying the 4IR technology as a solution for the Arctic development issue. In this respect, this research is expected to serve as a cornerstone for future research, and it will help to establish Arctic development strategies in Arctic or non-Arctic countries.

ACS Style

Sung-Woo Lee; Jisung Jo; Sewon Kim. Leveraging the 4th Industrial Revolution Technology for Sustainable Development of the Northern Sea Route (NSR)—The Case Study of Autonomous Vessel. Sustainability 2021, 13, 8211 .

AMA Style

Sung-Woo Lee, Jisung Jo, Sewon Kim. Leveraging the 4th Industrial Revolution Technology for Sustainable Development of the Northern Sea Route (NSR)—The Case Study of Autonomous Vessel. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (15):8211.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sung-Woo Lee; Jisung Jo; Sewon Kim. 2021. "Leveraging the 4th Industrial Revolution Technology for Sustainable Development of the Northern Sea Route (NSR)—The Case Study of Autonomous Vessel." Sustainability 13, no. 15: 8211.

Journal article
Published: 28 May 2021 in Journal of Marine Science and Engineering
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The upcoming autonomous vessel voyage is promising future in the maritime sector. However, so far, the contemporary route decision making technologies rely on human intervention. Therefore, this manuscript proposes the two newly developed speed algorithms: the modified fixed speed control and the wave feed forward speed control in the route decision making procedure for the autonomous vessels. These two algorithms can control the vessel’s speed without human intervention in eco-friendly and economic manner. The first algorithm is the wave feed forward speed control that can predict the speed change according to wave loads and compensate it to reduce the fluctuation of speed, power, and fuel consumption. To develop this algorithm, the real time modeling of the wave added resistance and the wave real time effect on propulsion are analyzed. The efficacy of the developed wave feed forward scheme is validated using the in-house route optimization simulation program through comparisons with the results of conventional speed governor control case. The developed schemes are applied to a 173 K LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas) carrier with twin propulsion. The other proposed speed control algorithm is the modified fixed control algorithm. This algorithm improves the conventional fixed power control algorithm by adding a time marching module to satisfy the required time arrival of the voyage. The two proposed methods are analyzed in the various simulations—ideal environmental conditions and real voyage environments: The Pacific and the Atlantic cases. Based on the results, the suggested methods can reduce fuel oil consumption, gas emission, and wear and tear problem of the propulsion devise of ship. In the study, it is clearly demonstrated that the developed wave feed forward speed control and modified fixed power scheme perform much better than the conventional speed governor control case.

ACS Style

Sewon Kim; Sangwoong Yun; Youngjun You. Eco-Friendly Speed Control Algorithm Development for Autonomous Vessel Route Planning. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 2021, 9, 583 .

AMA Style

Sewon Kim, Sangwoong Yun, Youngjun You. Eco-Friendly Speed Control Algorithm Development for Autonomous Vessel Route Planning. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering. 2021; 9 (6):583.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sewon Kim; Sangwoong Yun; Youngjun You. 2021. "Eco-Friendly Speed Control Algorithm Development for Autonomous Vessel Route Planning." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 9, no. 6: 583.

Concept paper
Published: 15 August 2018 in Energies
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This research, a new thrust-allocation algorithm based on penalty programming is developed to minimize the fuel consumption of offshore vessels/platforms with dynamic positioning system. The role of thrust allocation is to produce thruster commands satisfying required forces and moments for position-keeping, while fulfilling mechanical constraints of the control system. The developed thrust-allocation algorithm is mathematically formulated as an optimization problem for the given objects and constraints of a dynamic positioning system. Penalty programming can solve the optimization problems that have nonlinear object functions and constraints. The developed penalty-programming thrust-allocation method is implemented in the fully-coupled vessel–riser–mooring time-domain simulation code with dynamic positioning control. Its position-keeping and fuel-saving performance is evaluated by comparing with other conventional methods, such as pseudo-inverse, quadratic-programming, and genetic-algorithm methods. In this regard, the fully-coupled time-domain simulation method is applied to a turret-moored dynamic positioning assisted FPSO (floating production storage offloading). The optimal performance of the penalty programming in minimizing fuel consumption in both 100-year and 1-year storm conditions is demonstrated compared to pseudo-inverse and quadratic-programming methods.

ACS Style

Se Won Kim; Moo Hyun Kim. Fuel-Optimal Thrust-Allocation Algorithm Using Penalty Optimization Programing for Dynamic-Positioning-Controlled Offshore Platforms. Energies 2018, 11, 2128 .

AMA Style

Se Won Kim, Moo Hyun Kim. Fuel-Optimal Thrust-Allocation Algorithm Using Penalty Optimization Programing for Dynamic-Positioning-Controlled Offshore Platforms. Energies. 2018; 11 (8):2128.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Se Won Kim; Moo Hyun Kim. 2018. "Fuel-Optimal Thrust-Allocation Algorithm Using Penalty Optimization Programing for Dynamic-Positioning-Controlled Offshore Platforms." Energies 11, no. 8: 2128.