Background and Objectives: Femoral neck fractures are common among elderly patients and are typically managed surgically to restore mobility and reduce complications. Total Hip Replacement (THR) and Hemiarthroplasty (HA) are standard interventions. While both procedures are widely used, the comparative risks of thromboembolic complications remain unclear. This study aimed to systematically compare the risk of Venous Thromboembolism (VTE), including Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT), Pulmonary Embolism (PE), and Arterial Thromboembolic events in patients undergoing THR versus hemiarthroplasty for femoral neck fractures. Materials and Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and OVID-Medline for studies published between 2000 and 2024. Eligible studies included patients aged ≥50 years with femoral neck fractures treated with THR or Hemiarthroplasty and reported thromboembolic outcomes. Risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale and the RoB 2 tools. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan software (Version 5.4). Results: Twelve studies were included in the systematic review, and ten in the meta-analysis, encompassing over 160,000 patients. THR was associated with a significantly increased risk of DVT (RR = 1.53; 95% CI: 1.40–1.68, p = 0.00001) and combined VTE (RR = 1.48; 95% CI: 1.36–1.61, p = 0.00001) compared to HA. No significant difference was observed in PE risk. Interestingly, THR was linked to a lower risk of Arterial Thromboembolic events, such as Ischemic Stroke. Conclusions: Compared with Hemiarthroplasty, THR increases the risk of VTE, including DVT, with no increased risk of PE. Surgical decisions should be guided by individual patients’ risk factors for thrombotic and cardiovascular events.

The aim of this study is to examine the bidirectional type 1 diabetes (T1D) & depression relationship, using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ) to measure depressive symptomatology. A total of 760 pertinent publications were found after a comprehensive search across four databases. 375 full-text publications were examined after duplicates were eliminated using Rayyan QCRI and relevance was checked; seven studies finally satisfied the requirements for inclusion. We included seven studies with a total of 2518 patients, and less than half of them 1112 (44.1%) were males. Emotional distress from managing T1D, along with chronic hyperglycemia, fatigue, and related complications, intensifies mental health challenges. Sociodemographic factors like age and disease duration, as well as biological mechanisms such as inflammation, further influence this interplay. These findings underline the importance of integrated care that simultaneously addresses both physical and psychological health in T1D patients. This review emphasizes the bidirectional relationship between T1D and depression, where depressive symptoms worsen diabetes outcomes, and managing T1D exacerbates mental health challenges. Using the PHQ as a reliable tool to measure depression, the findings highlight the need for an integrated treatment approach that includes routine depression screening, psychological therapies, and collaborative care among clinicians. Future research should prioritize longitudinal studies to explore causality and understand the biological mechanisms linking T1D and depression.

Background: Neck and/or shoulder pain (NSP) represents a significant public health burden worldwide. However, nationally representative data from Saudi Arabia remain limited as most existing studies have focused on specific occupational groups or localized populations. This study examines the prevalence, determinants, and risk factors of NSP among Saudi adults. Materials and Methods: A cross‐sectional study was conducted between May and September 2024 among 2171 adults across Saudi Arabia. Data were collected from participants aged ≥ 18 years using a structured, validated questionnaire assessing NSP prevalence, sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle factors, and comorbidities. Result: Among 2171 participants (mean age of 29 ± 12), 54% were females. The overall point prevalence of neck pain was 39.1%, while shoulder pain affected 38.6% of participants. Higher odds of neck pain were associated with use of electronic devices (OR = 1.82, p = 0.003), occupational tasks with extended standing (OR = 1.53, p = 0.003), and history of trauma (OR = 2.52, p < 0.001). Shoulder pain was associated with prolonged use of electronic devices (OR = 2.14, p < 0.001) and history of trauma (OR = 4.77, p < 0.001). Notably, regular exercise and male sex were protective against both neck pain and shoulder pain compared to females. Conclusion: NSP is common among Saudi adults and linked to modifiable lifestyle and work‐related factors, underscoring the need for prevention, ergonomic measures, and regular pain management. Long‐term studies are needed to evaluate its impact and treatment outcomes.