The paper provides experimentally determined thermokinetics of the thermal decomposition of high-viscosity oil (HVO) from the Karazhanbas field, the Republic of Kazakhstan, in the presence of a Fe₃O₄ nanocatalyst, catalytic additives (nickel catalytic additives in microspheres prepared from coal ash), and polymers (such as polyethylene glycol and polystyrene) as hydrogen donors. The HVO decomposition thermokinetics (activation energy, pre-exponential factor, and rate constants), depending on the presence of nanocatalysts, catalytic additives, and/or polymers, were estimated by thermogravimetry methods in an inert nitrogen atmosphere. The experimental data (including HVO weight loss and weight loss rate vs. temperature) and the estimated thermokinetics of HVO decomposition can be used to create a database appropriate for mathematical modeling of the processing of HVO and heavy oil residues.

The study of thermal developments of heavy oil feedstock, vacuum residue in particular, is a relevant factor for the development of technologies for the processing and production of petroleum products. This paper investigates the process of thermal decomposition of the vacuum residue in the manufacturing of catalyst and polymer material using thermal analysis methods, including thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) in isothermal and dynamic modes. Particular attention is paid to the measurement of kinetic parameters of thermolysis using model and non-model methods, which allows us to assess the output power and other kinetic characteristics of decomposition. The results obtained can be used for the development of new oil refining technologies for significantly increasing the efficiency and safety of processes. During the course of this study, experimental and theoretical activation energy values were obtained for the vacuum residue without a catalyst (experimentally: 91.54 kJ mol⁻¹/theoretically: 91.35 kJ mol⁻¹) and a sample with the presence of a catalyst (experimentally: 89.68 kJ mol⁻¹/theoretically: 90.87 kJ mol⁻¹). The reduction in activation energy in the presence of the catalyst confirms its catalytic activity and potential for processing heavy hydrocarbon feedstock.

The hydrogen-donor abilities of polymers and the activity of catalysts in the process of thermal destruction of the organic mass of primary coal tar (PCT) are studied by non-isothermal kinetics methods. PCT,magnetic microspheres, nickel-deposited chrysotilechrysotile and Fe3O4nanocatalysts were used as initial raw materials. Рolymers such as polyethylene (PE), polystyrene(PS) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) were selected as a hy-drogen donor. The phases Mg3[OH]4{Si2O5} and NiO were determined by X-ray phase analysis (XRD) in the obtained catalyst (nickel-deposited chrysotile), and the presence of highly dispersed nickel oxide particles on the surface and inside the nanotubes was shown by the transmission electron microscope (TEM). Nickel oxide particles of 8–11 nmand 30–37 nmwere evenly distributed on the surface and inside the chrysotile nanotubes. The kinetic parameters of the thermal destruction of a mixture of PCT, catalyst and polymer material were determined on the basis of thermogravimetric analysis using the integral method and the method for determin-ing the thermokinetic parameters by the inflection point on the thermogravimetric curve(TG). The change in the activation energy, rate constant and pre-exponential factor with an increase in the degree of destruction of the organic mass of the PCT is established. It was shown that the nature of polymers and catalysts significantly affects the value of the rate constant and the activation energy. The calculated activation energies of the thermal destruction of a mixture of coal tar with PS and PE in the presence of a catalyst (nickel-deposited chrysotile) by the first method are 47.6 kJ/mol and 40.4 kJ/mol, and by the second method are 47.3 kJ/mol and 86.5kJ/mol respectively.

The object of research is the process of thermal degradation of oil sludge in the presence of heterogeneous catalysts. The creation of efficient technological processes for processing the organic part of oil sludge into motor fuels, raw materials for petrochemicals and the disposal of microsilicate is an important urgent task, the solution of which will allow to obtain a significant economic and environmental effect. The problem to be solved is to establish the general kinetic laws of the process of thermal degradation of oil sludge in the presence of microsilicate with deposited metals. The advantage of the Ozawa– Flynn–Wall method is that it is possible to determine the kinetic parameters for each value of oil sludge conversion, that is, for different stages of thermal degradation. The activation energy of oil sludge 67.1 kJ/mol, and with a catalyst 59 kJ/mol are calculated for each degree of conversion (α), respectively. The value of the correlation coefficient was (R2≥0.997) provides good convergence with experimental results. Compared with other methods of thermal processing of oil sludge, catalytic thermal degradation has a number of advantages: relatively low process temperatures (400–650 °C), low sensitivity to the composition of raw materials and the processing process, which meets all modern requirements of chemical production. Regularities of thermokinetic parameters of thermal decomposition of oil sludge were studied using raw materials obtained during the process of oil transportation, in the presence of catalyst with applied metal (nickel, iron, cobalt) to microsilicate. Obtained results of oil sludge decomposition kinetics can be used in creating a database for mathematical modeling of process of heavy hydrocarbon raw materials processing

In order to evaluate the possibility of using different catalysts prepared for the hydrogenation process of primary coal tar, the method of differential thermal analysis was used, which allows to determine the kinetic parameters of thermal destruction, such as the rate constant, activation energy, and pre-exponential multiplier. The effect of catalysts on characteristics of mass loss during heating of "Shubarkol Komir" JSC primary coal tar at a constant speed (20 K/min) in a nitrogen medium has been considered. Microsphere, NiO/microsphere, CoO/microsphere, chrysotile and NiCo/chrysotile have been taken as catalytic additives. In the presence of the catalysts, the rate of thermal destruction of primary coal tar increases in the following order: CoO/microsphere < NiO/microsphere < NiCo/chrysotile. While microsphere catalysts extend the range of thermal destruction, chrysotile catalysts lead to the rapid completion of the destruction process. This fact is characterized by the formation of bonds between catalytic additives and primary coal tar. It is important to determine such parameters that affect on the activation energy and macrokinetics of the thermal decomposition process for prediction of catalyst activity during hydrogenation of heavy hydrocarbon raw materials.