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Xuan Wang
State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China

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Research article
Published: 22 January 2021 in Hydrological Sciences Journal
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A new probabilistic conceptual model, named Assessment Model of Human Impact on Runoff Based on Stationarity Hypothesis (AMHIRBSH), was developed to attribute runoff variations to human activities through evaluating the changes in the runoff–runoff relationship (i.e. that between runoff in different sub-watersheds). The AMHIRBSH was then applied to the Baiyangdian drainage basin, North China. After applying the Mann-Kendall test for trend and the Pettitt test for breakpoint, the runoff over the Baiyangdian drainage basin was shown to have had a breakpoint in approximately 1979 which split the time series into a baseline period (pre-1979) and an altered period (post-1979). The runoff had undergone a great reduction between the baseline period and the altered period. The runoff–runoff relationship of the Wangkuai and Xidayang sub-watersheds was evaluated using a copula function according to which it was shown to have a non-stationarity degree of 35.64%, likely induced by massive afforestation programmes. This method provided an innovative perspective for attributing runoff variations to human activities.

ACS Style

Dan Liu; Xuan Wang; Fernando Jaramillo; Yujun Yi; Chunhui Li; Zhifeng Yang. A probabilistic conceptual model to attribute runoff variations to human activity. Hydrological Sciences Journal 2021, 66, 309 -321.

AMA Style

Dan Liu, Xuan Wang, Fernando Jaramillo, Yujun Yi, Chunhui Li, Zhifeng Yang. A probabilistic conceptual model to attribute runoff variations to human activity. Hydrological Sciences Journal. 2021; 66 (2):309-321.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Dan Liu; Xuan Wang; Fernando Jaramillo; Yujun Yi; Chunhui Li; Zhifeng Yang. 2021. "A probabilistic conceptual model to attribute runoff variations to human activity." Hydrological Sciences Journal 66, no. 2: 309-321.

Journal article
Published: 10 November 2020 in Resources, Conservation and Recycling
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In this paper, an interval two-stage fuzzy credibility constraint programming (ITSFCCP) method is proposed to deal with multiple uncertainties that can be expressed as fuzzy sets, discrete intervals and probability distributions, which can be used for effectively reflect natural and social complexities of relevant decision-making processes. Lincang city of Yunnan province, which is located in the southwest border of China, is employed as the demonstrative case. It is a frontier window and an important channel for China to face the "radiation center" of Southeast and South Asia. Also, it is the intersection of the Tropic of Cancer and the Geographic Water Distribution Line between the Pacific and Indian Oceans. The city's water resources system is particularly unique due to its connection with Myanmar. Considering multiple uncertainties and complexities of the existing water resources system in the city, ITSFCCP is developed to optimize the allocation of water resources. The objective function of the model is the maximization of economic benefits of the water resources system. Fuzzy sets, discrete intervals and probability distribution were introduced to represent the multiple uncertainties associated with the natural and social complexities. Credibility levels were adopted to solve the complexity of multi-ethnic human society in Lincang. The results showed that the model could effectively deal with the uncertainties and complexities of Lincang's water resources system, and reflect the trade-offs between the system benefits and risks.

ACS Style

Dongni Chen; Yanpeng Cai; Xuan Wang; Chunhui Li; Xinan Yin; Qiang Liu. An inexact modeling approach for supporting water resources allocation under natural and social complexities in a border city of China and Myanmar. Resources, Conservation and Recycling 2020, 168, 105245 .

AMA Style

Dongni Chen, Yanpeng Cai, Xuan Wang, Chunhui Li, Xinan Yin, Qiang Liu. An inexact modeling approach for supporting water resources allocation under natural and social complexities in a border city of China and Myanmar. Resources, Conservation and Recycling. 2020; 168 ():105245.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Dongni Chen; Yanpeng Cai; Xuan Wang; Chunhui Li; Xinan Yin; Qiang Liu. 2020. "An inexact modeling approach for supporting water resources allocation under natural and social complexities in a border city of China and Myanmar." Resources, Conservation and Recycling 168, no. : 105245.

Article
Published: 13 October 2020
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The Yellow River Basin is of great significance to China's economic and social development and ecological security. The Yellow River Basin is not only an important ecological barrier but also an important economic zone. In this paper, natural hydrological conditions were taken as a reference, a habitat simulation model of the key sections of the Yellow River was constructed based on the MIKE 21 model, and an ecological water requirement assessment method for river ecological integrity combined with habitat simulation and features of the hydrological reference group was established, which takes into account the survival and reproduction of indicator species. The suitable flow rates for the spawning period of Silurus lanzhouensis in Lanzhou and Xiaheyan and Cyprinus carpio in Toudaoguai, Longmen and Huayuankou were 350-720 m3/s, 350-600 m3/s, 150-500 m³/s, 260-400 m3/s, and 100-500 m³/s, respectively. Therefore, high pulse flow with a low flow peak should be guaranteed in mid- to late April. The peak flow should be at least approximately 1,000 m3/s to ensure that fish receive spawning signals, with a high pulse flow process occurring 1-2 times in May to June. The annual ecological water requirement of the Lanzhou, Xiaheyan, Toudaoguai, Longmen and Huayuankou sections was 9.1-11 ×109 m³, 6.3-10.4×109 m³, 3.8-8.2×109 m³, 4.7-11.3×109 m³ and 7.9-15.4×109 m³, respectively. The model quantitatively simulates the changes in ecological water requirement of indicator fishes in key sections of the Yellow River, and an effective and more realistic tool for ecological water requirement accounting of the Yellow River has been provided.

ACS Style

Fen Zhao; Chunhui Li; Wenxiu Shang; Xiaokang Zheng; Zoe Li; Xuan Wang; Qiang Liu; Wanyu Ma; Jiuhe Bu; Yujun Yi. Ecological water requirement accounting of the main stream of the Yellow River from the perspective of habitat conservation. 2020, 1 .

AMA Style

Fen Zhao, Chunhui Li, Wenxiu Shang, Xiaokang Zheng, Zoe Li, Xuan Wang, Qiang Liu, Wanyu Ma, Jiuhe Bu, Yujun Yi. Ecological water requirement accounting of the main stream of the Yellow River from the perspective of habitat conservation. . 2020; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Fen Zhao; Chunhui Li; Wenxiu Shang; Xiaokang Zheng; Zoe Li; Xuan Wang; Qiang Liu; Wanyu Ma; Jiuhe Bu; Yujun Yi. 2020. "Ecological water requirement accounting of the main stream of the Yellow River from the perspective of habitat conservation." , no. : 1.

Special issue paper
Published: 01 September 2020 in Hydrological Processes
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Hydrological connectivity is a critical determinant of wetland functions and health, especially in wetlands that have been heavily fragmented and regulated by human activities. However, investigating hydrological connectivity in these wetlands is challenging due to the costs of high‐resolution and large‐scale monitoring required in order to identify hydrological barriers within the wetlands. To overcome this challenge, we here propose an Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR)‐based methodology to map hydrologic connectivity and identify hydrological barriers in fragmented wetlands. This methodology was applied along seventy transects across the Baiyangdian, the largest freshwater wetland in northern China, using Sentinel 1A and 1B data covering the period 2016–2019. We generated fifty‐eight interferograms providing information on relative water level changes across the transects that showed the high coherence needed for the assessment of hydrological connectivity. We mapped the permanent and conditional (temporary) barriers affecting connectivity. In total, 11% of all transects are permanently disconnected by hydrological barriers across all interferograms and 58% of the transects are conditionally disconnected. Areas covered by reed grasslands show the most undisturbed hydrological connectivity while some of these barriers are the result of ditches and channels within the wetland and low water levels during different periods of the year. This study highlights the potential of the application of Wetland InSAR to determine hydrological connectivity and location of hydrological barriers in highly fragmented wetlands, and facilitates the study of hydrological processes from large spatial scales and long‐time scales using remote sensing technique. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

ACS Style

Dan Liu; Xuan Wang; Saeid Aminjafari; Wei Yang; Baoshan Cui; Shengjun Yan; Yunlong Zhang; Jie Zhu; Fernando Jaramillo. Using InSAR to identify hydrological connectivity and barriers in a highly fragmented wetland. Hydrological Processes 2020, 34, 4417 -4430.

AMA Style

Dan Liu, Xuan Wang, Saeid Aminjafari, Wei Yang, Baoshan Cui, Shengjun Yan, Yunlong Zhang, Jie Zhu, Fernando Jaramillo. Using InSAR to identify hydrological connectivity and barriers in a highly fragmented wetland. Hydrological Processes. 2020; 34 (23):4417-4430.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Dan Liu; Xuan Wang; Saeid Aminjafari; Wei Yang; Baoshan Cui; Shengjun Yan; Yunlong Zhang; Jie Zhu; Fernando Jaramillo. 2020. "Using InSAR to identify hydrological connectivity and barriers in a highly fragmented wetland." Hydrological Processes 34, no. 23: 4417-4430.

Journal article
Published: 20 July 2020 in Sustainability
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To maintain sustainability and availability of regional water resources, appropriate integrated water resource management (IWRM) should be based on an assessment of water resource background and responses to regional development and utilization policies. The study proposed an assessment method combining hydrological variation analysis with a system dynamics (SD) model to support IWRM in the Baiyangdian Region, Northern China. Integrated variation analysis and attributive analysis were used to identify variation time and causes of runoff. Then, based on the current water resource situation, an accessibility analysis examined the possibility of achieving a water resources supply and demand balance of social economic development and the ecological environment within individual internal management. Finally, an SD model simulated water resource response to development policies to predict future policy impacts. Results showed that 65.18% of the impact on runoff was from human activities. Sustainability goals were impossible through internal management, but with eco-migration policies and 1 × 108 m3 inter-basin transferred water, it could quickly be achieved, and water ecosystem function could also be recovered. Establishment of the Xiong’an New Area necessitated introduction of integrated cross-basin management to protect the Baiyangdian Region from degradation of its ecological function. Our study proposed a new method for comparation of internal and cross-basin IWRM.

ACS Style

Zhen-Mei Liao; Yang-Yang Li; Wen-Shu Xiong; Xuan Wang; Dan Liu; Yun-Long Zhang; Chun-Hui Li. An In-Depth Assessment of Water Resource Responses to Regional Development Policies Using Hydrological Variation Analysis and System Dynamics Modeling. Sustainability 2020, 12, 5814 .

AMA Style

Zhen-Mei Liao, Yang-Yang Li, Wen-Shu Xiong, Xuan Wang, Dan Liu, Yun-Long Zhang, Chun-Hui Li. An In-Depth Assessment of Water Resource Responses to Regional Development Policies Using Hydrological Variation Analysis and System Dynamics Modeling. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (14):5814.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zhen-Mei Liao; Yang-Yang Li; Wen-Shu Xiong; Xuan Wang; Dan Liu; Yun-Long Zhang; Chun-Hui Li. 2020. "An In-Depth Assessment of Water Resource Responses to Regional Development Policies Using Hydrological Variation Analysis and System Dynamics Modeling." Sustainability 12, no. 14: 5814.

Research article
Published: 17 July 2020 in Earth Science Informatics
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Land use classification is fundamental both for monitoring and predicting regional development patterns and for planning and regulating land use. This research proposed a joint probability-based classifier for land use classification of multispectral remote sensing data and applied it to the Lake Baiyangdian region of North China. This classifier, based on the vine copula method, was suitable for dealing with the uncertainties of land classification and its random variables that did not necessarily obey predefined distributions. Comparison of the results obtained using the proposed classifier with those derived using the widely used maximum likelihood classifier indicated that the accuracy of land use classification of multispectral remote sensing data was higher with the proposed classifier. Compared with the contingency matrix of the maximum likelihood classifier, that of the vine copula classifier showed an increase in the producer’s (user’s) accuracy of rural land (shallow water) of 29.4% (30.0%). The proposed classifier increased the shallow water area and significantly reduced the area of rural land. The main reason was the maximum likelihood classifier had poor classification performance, misclassifying pixels of shallow water as rural land. The findings of this study demonstrated that the vine copula classifier performs better than the traditional maximum likelihood classifier and that its application could promote full utilization of remotely sensed data.

ACS Style

Yunlong Zhang; Xuan Wang; Dan Liu; Chunhui Li; Qiang Liu; Yanpeng Cai; Yujun Yi; Zhifeng Yang. Joint probability-based classifier based on vine copula method for land use classification of multispectral remote sensing data. Earth Science Informatics 2020, 13, 1079 -1092.

AMA Style

Yunlong Zhang, Xuan Wang, Dan Liu, Chunhui Li, Qiang Liu, Yanpeng Cai, Yujun Yi, Zhifeng Yang. Joint probability-based classifier based on vine copula method for land use classification of multispectral remote sensing data. Earth Science Informatics. 2020; 13 (4):1079-1092.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yunlong Zhang; Xuan Wang; Dan Liu; Chunhui Li; Qiang Liu; Yanpeng Cai; Yujun Yi; Zhifeng Yang. 2020. "Joint probability-based classifier based on vine copula method for land use classification of multispectral remote sensing data." Earth Science Informatics 13, no. 4: 1079-1092.

Journal article
Published: 22 May 2020 in Sustainability
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With the development of industrial and agricultural production and the social economy, the demand for water resources has gradually increased. In this paper, based on the principles of system dynamics, a sustainable water resources utilization model with coupled water quality and quantity is established using STELLA software to assess the sustainable use of water resources. The model includes two modules: a water supply module and a water quality module. The water supply module includes four sub-systems: economy, population, water supply, and water demand. The water quality module consists of an environmental sub-system. The model is suitable for Tianjin, where water resources are scarce. Calibration is performed using data from 2013–2016, and verification is performed using data from 2017. The simulation results are good. In order to compare the sustainable use of water resources in different development scenarios in Tianjin for 2025, a sensitivity analysis is performed for each variable, and four decision variables are selected to establish four water resources use scenarios (Scenarios 1–4). The results show that, compared with scenario 1, water shortages in scenarios 2 and 3 are delayed. Scenario 4, with stable economic growth and environmental consideration, can effectively resolve the contradiction between water supply and demand in the future, and is more conducive to the improvement of water quality. Finally, based on the above research, measures to solve water resources problems are proposed, in order to provide a reference for the sustainable use of water resources and optimization of water resources allocation in Tianjin.

ACS Style

Yutong Tian; Chunhui Li; Yujun Yi; Xuan Wang; Anping Shu. Dynamic Model of a Sustainable Water Resources Utilization System with Coupled Water Quality and Quantity in Tianjin City. Sustainability 2020, 12, 4254 .

AMA Style

Yutong Tian, Chunhui Li, Yujun Yi, Xuan Wang, Anping Shu. Dynamic Model of a Sustainable Water Resources Utilization System with Coupled Water Quality and Quantity in Tianjin City. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (10):4254.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yutong Tian; Chunhui Li; Yujun Yi; Xuan Wang; Anping Shu. 2020. "Dynamic Model of a Sustainable Water Resources Utilization System with Coupled Water Quality and Quantity in Tianjin City." Sustainability 12, no. 10: 4254.

Journal article
Published: 11 May 2020 in Ecological Indicators
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To be effective, ecological restoration decisions for shallow lakes should consider the response of the biomes to water level fluctuation changes. A hybrid generalized additive model (GAM) based on principal component analysis (PCA), namely PCA-GAM model, was proposed to study the quantitative relationships between the water level fluctuation indicators and the diversity of benthic macroinvertebrates from short time (one month) to long time (twelve months) scales. For this model, the PCA method was applied to determining the main water level fluctuation indicators from the constructed indicator system, thereby reducing redundancy among the data variables; GAM was used to explore the quantitative relationships between the Margalef diversity index and the main water level fluctuation indicators after PCA screening. The results of the PCA-GAM model showed that the two-month water level amplitude value was the best water level fluctuation indicator for describing changes in the diversity of benthic macroinvertebrates in Baiyangdian Lake. The two-month water level amplitude value and the macroinvertebrate Margalef diversity index showed a negative correlation and an approximate one-dimensional quadratic function relationship. The macroinvertebrate diversity index in different regions responded differently to water level fluctuations, and the regions with low average water depth and close to the lake inlet were more sensitive to fluctuations than other regions. Our results suggested that shallow lake management activities aimed at improving biodiversity should focus on controlling water level fluctuations, and the amplitude of the artificial water level fluctuations from the single or multiple ecological water compensation should be reduced in order to promote lake ecological restoration in the future.

ACS Style

Shengjun Yan; Xuan Wang; Yunlong Zhang; Dan Liu; Yujun Yi; Chunhui Li; Qiang Liu; Zhifeng Yang. A hybrid PCA-GAM model for investigating the spatiotemporal impacts of water level fluctuations on the diversity of benthic macroinvertebrates in Baiyangdian Lake, North China. Ecological Indicators 2020, 116, 106459 .

AMA Style

Shengjun Yan, Xuan Wang, Yunlong Zhang, Dan Liu, Yujun Yi, Chunhui Li, Qiang Liu, Zhifeng Yang. A hybrid PCA-GAM model for investigating the spatiotemporal impacts of water level fluctuations on the diversity of benthic macroinvertebrates in Baiyangdian Lake, North China. Ecological Indicators. 2020; 116 ():106459.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Shengjun Yan; Xuan Wang; Yunlong Zhang; Dan Liu; Yujun Yi; Chunhui Li; Qiang Liu; Zhifeng Yang. 2020. "A hybrid PCA-GAM model for investigating the spatiotemporal impacts of water level fluctuations on the diversity of benthic macroinvertebrates in Baiyangdian Lake, North China." Ecological Indicators 116, no. : 106459.

Journal article
Published: 27 March 2020 in Journal of Cleaner Production
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The hydrological responses of geographically isolated wetlands to climate change is insufficiently considered and qualified, with weak but critical hydrologic connectivity to surrounding uplands. This study simulated the essential physical hydrological processes under climate change by coupling a distributed process-based model with an assemblage of 20 general circulation models under Representative Concentration Pathway scenarios 8.5 and 4.5 for 1950–2099. A susceptibility rate was proposed to assess wetland sustainability under climate change. Different model capabilities in hydro-climatic interactions of geographically isolated wetlands were quantified by developing a process-based and an empirical model. The results show that the water table will have declined 68 cm by 2100, with decreasing water availability (−289 cm). Based on the sustainability assessment, the wetland will dry with an increasing risk from baseline of 63%–99% in 2100. The risk of wetland loss will increase from baseline of 37%–93% in 2100. The high risk of unsustainable wetlands in the study area indicates high susceptibility and vulnerability of the wetland hydrological system to climate change. The study has wide implications in conserving the entire hydrological continuum of geographically isolated wetlands and surrounded uplands. It also provides information to make adaptative strategies for wetlands under threat from climate change.

ACS Style

Jie Zhu; Xuan Wang; Qingwen Zhang; Yunlong Zhang; Dan Liu; Andong Cai; Xin Zhang. Assessing wetland sustainability by modeling water table dynamics under climate change. Journal of Cleaner Production 2020, 263, 121293 .

AMA Style

Jie Zhu, Xuan Wang, Qingwen Zhang, Yunlong Zhang, Dan Liu, Andong Cai, Xin Zhang. Assessing wetland sustainability by modeling water table dynamics under climate change. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2020; 263 ():121293.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jie Zhu; Xuan Wang; Qingwen Zhang; Yunlong Zhang; Dan Liu; Andong Cai; Xin Zhang. 2020. "Assessing wetland sustainability by modeling water table dynamics under climate change." Journal of Cleaner Production 263, no. : 121293.

General wetland science
Published: 05 March 2020 in Wetlands
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An improved model for investigating dual effects of vegetation density variations and groundwater level fluctuations on water transport and dissipation in the soil-plant-atmosphere continuum (SPAC) of raised field wetlands was developed through combining the HYDRUS and the dual crop coefficient models. The results showed the following: (1) the improved model was reliable for soil water and evapotranspiration simulation. For soil water, the coefficient of determination (R2) was above 0.68, the Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency coefficient (NSE) was above 0.53, and the relative deviation (Re) was below 6%. For evapotranspiration, R2, NSE and Re were 0.83, 0.83 and 12.3%, respectively. (2) For the evapotranspiration, both vegetation densities variations and groundwater level fluctuation would affect it. (3) For 0%–60% density, the groundwater level fluctuation mainly contributed to changes in evaporation rather than transpiration. For 80%–100% density, it was transpiration. (4) For the soil water supplement and drainage, under different densities, the main water replenishment source in the same month was almost identical, but the main water drainage approach was inconsistent. (5) For the soil water balance, groundwater level fluctuations had an influence on it, while vegetation density variations did not. This study can provide an method for analyzing water transport in SPAC.

ACS Style

Yunlong Zhang; Xuan Wang; Dan Liu; Yujun Yi; Chunhui Li; Qiang Liu; Yanpeng Cai. An Improved Model for Investigating Dual Effects of Vegetation Density Variations and Groundwater Level Fluctuations on Water Transport and Dissipation in Raised Field Wetlands. Wetlands 2020, 40, 1241 -1256.

AMA Style

Yunlong Zhang, Xuan Wang, Dan Liu, Yujun Yi, Chunhui Li, Qiang Liu, Yanpeng Cai. An Improved Model for Investigating Dual Effects of Vegetation Density Variations and Groundwater Level Fluctuations on Water Transport and Dissipation in Raised Field Wetlands. Wetlands. 2020; 40 (5):1241-1256.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yunlong Zhang; Xuan Wang; Dan Liu; Yujun Yi; Chunhui Li; Qiang Liu; Yanpeng Cai. 2020. "An Improved Model for Investigating Dual Effects of Vegetation Density Variations and Groundwater Level Fluctuations on Water Transport and Dissipation in Raised Field Wetlands." Wetlands 40, no. 5: 1241-1256.

Journal article
Published: 12 February 2020 in Water
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Economic development and increasing population density along the lower reaches of the Yellow river have challenged the river’s ability to meet human and ecological demand. The evaluation of the sustainability of water resources in the lower reaches of the Yellow River is of great significance for the achievement of high-quality development in the region. Based on an improved ecological footprint method considering soil water, the spatial and temporal evolution of the water resources ecological footprint and water resources carrying capacity and evaluates the utilization of water resources in the lower Yellow River are comprehensively evaluated. The results show that agricultural water consumption in the urban agglomerations in the lower reaches of the Yellow River occupies a major position in water consumption, accounting for more than 70%. In 2013–2017, the per capita water resources ecological footprint of the cities along the lower reaches of the Yellow River decreases every year, while the water resources carrying capacity is slightly fluctuating, but remains in a relatively stable state. The deficit situation has eased, falling by 54.52% in the past five years. The water use efficiency of the lower reaches of the Yellow River has increased every year, and the water resources conflict improved significantly, after the implementation of the new environmental policy in 2015. In terms of space, the cities with the smallest per capita ecological deficits include Zibo, Zhengzhou, and Laiwu City, and Dezhou, and Kaifeng and Binzhou City have the largest. Strict water resources management measures and water pollution prevention and control regulations should be formulated to improve the water use efficiency in these areas in order to solve the problem of water shortage.

ACS Style

Hui Li; Fen Zhao; Chunhui Li; Yujun Yi; Jiuhe Bu; Xuan Wang; Qiang Liu; Anping Shu. An Improved Ecological Footprint Method for Water Resources Utilization Assessment in the Cities. Water 2020, 12, 503 .

AMA Style

Hui Li, Fen Zhao, Chunhui Li, Yujun Yi, Jiuhe Bu, Xuan Wang, Qiang Liu, Anping Shu. An Improved Ecological Footprint Method for Water Resources Utilization Assessment in the Cities. Water. 2020; 12 (2):503.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hui Li; Fen Zhao; Chunhui Li; Yujun Yi; Jiuhe Bu; Xuan Wang; Qiang Liu; Anping Shu. 2020. "An Improved Ecological Footprint Method for Water Resources Utilization Assessment in the Cities." Water 12, no. 2: 503.

Journal article
Published: 02 December 2019 in Journal of Hydrology
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Hydrological regimes play a vital role in regulating wetland structure and function, regarded as fundamental for wetland protection and restoration. This study explored vegetation response to water-level dynamics, simulated vegetation patterns, and the estimated evapotranspiration (ET) pertaining to different hydrological statuses. We used the vegetation dynamics simulation model and topography- and vegetation-based surface energy partitioning algorithms (TVET model) designed to estimate potential evaporation (PE) and potential transpiration (PT). Results indicated that: (i) Vegetation cover and water levels of different hydrological statuses can be used to deduce suitable water levels during flood, normal, and drought statuses (which were 1.23, 0.99, and 0.81 m, respectively, in the Ertou wetland). (ii) Dynamic vegetation simulations combined with optimal ecological water levels for Phragmites australis and Bolboschoenus planiculmis sustenance can be used to simulate vegetation pattern dynamics. Both P. australis and B. planiculmis expanded during droughts along with a reduction in open water, providing a potential increase in food availability for Siberian crane (Grus leucogeranus). (iii) Changes in vegetation patterns and characteristics (e.g., plant height and leaf area index (LAI)) that varied with water-level fluctuations inevitably altered potential evapotranspiration (PET) partitioning into PE and PT. These results indicate that subtle water-level fluctuations can dramatically alter vegetation patterns, characteristics, and ecological processes, subsequently affecting shallow wetland habitats. Further investigations are necessary to clarify wetland coupling mechanisms between hydrology, vegetation, and habitat. This will help address extreme drought and flooding events while also helping to assess wetland protection and restoration.

ACS Style

Qiang Liu; Jingling Liu; Haifei Liu; Liqiao Liang; Yanpeng Cai; Xuan Wang; Chunhui Li. Vegetation dynamics under water-level fluctuations: Implications for wetland restoration. Journal of Hydrology 2019, 581, 124418 .

AMA Style

Qiang Liu, Jingling Liu, Haifei Liu, Liqiao Liang, Yanpeng Cai, Xuan Wang, Chunhui Li. Vegetation dynamics under water-level fluctuations: Implications for wetland restoration. Journal of Hydrology. 2019; 581 ():124418.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Qiang Liu; Jingling Liu; Haifei Liu; Liqiao Liang; Yanpeng Cai; Xuan Wang; Chunhui Li. 2019. "Vegetation dynamics under water-level fluctuations: Implications for wetland restoration." Journal of Hydrology 581, no. : 124418.

Journal article
Published: 26 November 2019 in Ecological Indicators
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Shallow lakes widely distributed in middle and lower reaches of watershed are easily multi-stressed by natural forces and human activities. Here, spatio-temporal variations of macroinvertebrate community and their influential variables in a typical large macrophyte-dominated shallow lake--Baiyangdian Lake were studied, using three-year in-situ observational data of spring, summer, and autumn. In total, ten environmental variables and five biological indices were measured for the six sites from each of the two habitat types, semi-natural habitat and disturbed habitat divided by their different exposures to human activities. Disturbed habitat had deeper mean water depth, lower mean transparency, and higher mean concentrations of DO, TN, NH4-N, NO3-N, and COD than that of semi-natural habitat regardless of seasons. Biological metrics indicate lower family-level richness but higher community tolerance level in disturbed habitat in spring and summer, but the results were close in autumn. The present of Lestidae and Gammaridae was a significant determination of semi-natural habitat. Redundancy analyses showed community temporal distribution was mainly driven by temperature, water depth, and pH that greatly influenced by natural forces, while spatial distribution was mainly driven by TN and transparency that greatly influenced by human activity. Regarding averaged data over the same year, season, and habitat, richness and Shannon-Weiner index had significant Pearson linear correlation with transparency (r = 0.521 and r = 0.541, p < 0.05, respectively), family biotic index significantly correlated with TP (r = 0.495, p < 0.05), and NO3-N (r = 0.592, p < 0.01), and percentage of tolerant individuals significantly correlated with pH (r = 0.667, p < 0.01), temperature (r = −0.640, p < 0.01) and NO3-N (r = 0.522, p < 0.05). Those variables are likely responsible for the major variations of community characteristics. High concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients probably encourage the thriving of tolerate assemblage in the lake. Our results reveal that the macroinvertebrate community can shift to be more monotonous and pollution-tolerant under the stress of eutrophication and organic pollution. Disturbance and pollution, in general, can diminish the benefit of habitat-scale protection in certain location.

ACS Style

Yufeng Yang; Yujun Yi; Yang Zhou; Xuan Wang; Shanghong Zhang; Zhifeng Yang. Spatio-temporal variations of benthic macroinvertebrates and the driving environmental variables in a shallow lake. Ecological Indicators 2019, 110, 105948 .

AMA Style

Yufeng Yang, Yujun Yi, Yang Zhou, Xuan Wang, Shanghong Zhang, Zhifeng Yang. Spatio-temporal variations of benthic macroinvertebrates and the driving environmental variables in a shallow lake. Ecological Indicators. 2019; 110 ():105948.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yufeng Yang; Yujun Yi; Yang Zhou; Xuan Wang; Shanghong Zhang; Zhifeng Yang. 2019. "Spatio-temporal variations of benthic macroinvertebrates and the driving environmental variables in a shallow lake." Ecological Indicators 110, no. : 105948.

Journal article
Published: 26 October 2019 in Water
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We proposed a new approach to determine the minimum ecological lake level using a landscape connectivity approach. Using MIKE 21 and ArcGIS software, we simulated the water landscape and corresponding connectivity of Baiyangdian Lake on the North China Plain and analyzed the relationship between landscape connectivity and lake level. The minimum ecological lake level was defined as the breakpoint of the lake level-connectivity curve. Results suggested that the minimum ecological lake level of Baiyangdian Lake is 7.8–8.0 m, below which lake ecosystems become fragmented and potentially fragile. Alternatively, better connectivity at lower lake levels may be achieved by engineered modification of landscape patterns. Such approaches can mitigate the waste of water and economic resources due to excessive reliance on increasing water levels to meet minimum connectivity requirements. This approach provided a new perspective for lake ecosystem restoration of use in water-resource- and landscape management.

ACS Style

Dan Liu; Xuan Wang; Yun-Long Zhang; Sheng-Jun Yan; Bao-Shan Cui; Zhi-Feng Yang. A Landscape Connectivity Approach for Determining Minimum Ecological Lake Level: Implications for Lake Restoration. Water 2019, 11, 2237 .

AMA Style

Dan Liu, Xuan Wang, Yun-Long Zhang, Sheng-Jun Yan, Bao-Shan Cui, Zhi-Feng Yang. A Landscape Connectivity Approach for Determining Minimum Ecological Lake Level: Implications for Lake Restoration. Water. 2019; 11 (11):2237.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Dan Liu; Xuan Wang; Yun-Long Zhang; Sheng-Jun Yan; Bao-Shan Cui; Zhi-Feng Yang. 2019. "A Landscape Connectivity Approach for Determining Minimum Ecological Lake Level: Implications for Lake Restoration." Water 11, no. 11: 2237.

Journal article
Published: 24 August 2019 in Limnologica
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Eutrophication in lake ecosystems poses a serious threat to the water quality and function of aquatic ecosystems. The species composition and community structure of plankton change directly with variations in lake trophic states. Seasonal sample collections of phytoplankton, zooplankton and environmental variables were conducted in spring, summer, and fall from a large shallow lake, Baiyangdian Lake, China. The species richness, community composition and temporospatial variations of phytoplankton and zooplankton were analyzed. The lake trophic states were assessed using the comprehensive trophic state index (CTSI) and rotifer trophic state index (TSIROT). The results indicated that 69.1% of the lake area showed slight eutrophication, 29.3% showed mesotrophication, and 1.6% showed moderate eutrophication. The Shannon-Wiener diversity index and Pielou evenness index were employed to assess the community diversity of phytoplankton and zooplankton. The dominant taxa and most dominant species of phytoplankton and zooplankton were determined; Cyanophyta and Rotifera were the dominant phytoplankton and zooplankton taxa, respectively. Microcystis sp. and Polyarthra vulgaris were the most dominant species of phytoplankton and zooplankton, respectively. Redundancy analysis (RDA) was applied to identify the key environmental variables that influenced the species, diversity indices and species abundance of phytoplankton and zooplankton. The results showed that ammonia nitrogen (NH4+), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), and dissolved oxygen (DO) were the main environmental factors influencing the species abundance and diversity. The current lake plankton species number and diversity index were lower than those in past decades, as determined by comparing the community characteristics of phytoplankton and zooplankton with historical records. Comparisons of TN:TP ratios with those of other lakes suggested that nitrogen was the limiting nutrient for lake eutrophication. Baiyangdian Lake could have a high potential for eutrophication based on the environmental and ecological characteristics of the lake.

ACS Style

Caihong Tang; Yujun Yi; Zhifeng Yang; Yang Zhou; Teklit Zerizghi; Xuan Wang; Xiuli Cui; Pengyu Duan. Planktonic indicators of trophic states for a shallow lake (Baiyangdian Lake, China). Limnologica 2019, 78, 125712 .

AMA Style

Caihong Tang, Yujun Yi, Zhifeng Yang, Yang Zhou, Teklit Zerizghi, Xuan Wang, Xiuli Cui, Pengyu Duan. Planktonic indicators of trophic states for a shallow lake (Baiyangdian Lake, China). Limnologica. 2019; 78 ():125712.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Caihong Tang; Yujun Yi; Zhifeng Yang; Yang Zhou; Teklit Zerizghi; Xuan Wang; Xiuli Cui; Pengyu Duan. 2019. "Planktonic indicators of trophic states for a shallow lake (Baiyangdian Lake, China)." Limnologica 78, no. : 125712.

Journal article
Published: 08 March 2019 in Sustainability
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This study researched the individual and combined impacts of future LULC and climate changes on water balance in the upper reaches of the Beiluo River basin on the Loess Plateau of China, using the scenarios of RCP4.5 and 8.5 of the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). The climate data indicated that both precipitation and temperature increased at seasonal and annual scales from 2020 to 2050 under RCP4.5 and 8.5 scenarios. The future land use changes were predicted through the CA-Markov model. The land use predictions of 2025, 2035, and 2045 indicated rising forest areas with decreased agricultural land and grassland. In this study, three scenarios including only LULC change, only climate change, and combined climate and LULC change were established. The SWAT model was calibrated, validated, and used to simulate the water balance under the three scenarios. The results showed that increased rainfall and temperature may lead to increased runoff, water yield, and ET in spring, summer, and autumn and to decreased runoff, water yield, and ET in winter from 2020 to 2050. However, LULC change, compared with climate change, may have a smaller impact on the water balance. On an annual scale, runoff and water yield may gradually decrease, but ET may increase. The combined effects of both LULC and climate changes on water balance in the future were similar to the variation trend of climate changes alone at both annual and seasonal scales. The results obtained in this study provide further insight into the availability of future streamflow and can aid in water resource management planning in the study area.

ACS Style

Rui Yan; Yanpeng Cai; Chunhui Li; Xuan Wang; Qiang Liu. Hydrological Responses to Climate and Land Use Changes in a Watershed of the Loess Plateau, China. Sustainability 2019, 11, 1443 .

AMA Style

Rui Yan, Yanpeng Cai, Chunhui Li, Xuan Wang, Qiang Liu. Hydrological Responses to Climate and Land Use Changes in a Watershed of the Loess Plateau, China. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (5):1443.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Rui Yan; Yanpeng Cai; Chunhui Li; Xuan Wang; Qiang Liu. 2019. "Hydrological Responses to Climate and Land Use Changes in a Watershed of the Loess Plateau, China." Sustainability 11, no. 5: 1443.

Journal article
Published: 06 December 2018 in Sustainability
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Understanding changes in habitat quality and the driving forces of these changes at landscape scales is a critical part of effective ecosystem management. The present study investigated spatiotemporal habitat quality dynamics and related driving forces from 2005 to 2015 in the upper basin of Miyun Reservoir in North China by constructing an effective framework integrated InVEST and binary logistic regression models. This framework expanded the driving force analysis into an assessment of changes in habitat quality and intuitively verified the effectiveness of relevant environmental policies. The proposed method of combining the equidistant random sampling method and the method of introducing spatial lag variables in logistic regression equation can effectively solve spatial autocorrelation with a large enough number of sampling points. Overall, habitat quality improved during the study period. Spatially, a concentrated loss of habitat occurred in the southeastern part of the basin between the reservoir and mountainous areas, while other areas gradually recovered. Driving force analysis showed that lower elevation mountain land, gentle slopes, locations near rural land or roads, larger areas of grain cultivation, and areas with little population change had a higher likelihood of having changed in habitat quality in the upper basin of Miyun Reservoir. These results suggested that the present policy of protecting the ecosystem had a positive effect on improving habitat quality. In the future, the human activity management related to habitat quality needs to be strengthened. The present study would provide a reference for land use policy formulation and biodiversity conservation.

ACS Style

Shengjun Yan; Xuan Wang; Yanpeng Cai; Chunhui Li; Rui Yan; Guannan Cui; Zhifeng Yang. An Integrated Investigation of Spatiotemporal Habitat Quality Dynamics and Driving Forces in the Upper Basin of Miyun Reservoir, North China. Sustainability 2018, 10, 4625 .

AMA Style

Shengjun Yan, Xuan Wang, Yanpeng Cai, Chunhui Li, Rui Yan, Guannan Cui, Zhifeng Yang. An Integrated Investigation of Spatiotemporal Habitat Quality Dynamics and Driving Forces in the Upper Basin of Miyun Reservoir, North China. Sustainability. 2018; 10 (12):4625.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Shengjun Yan; Xuan Wang; Yanpeng Cai; Chunhui Li; Rui Yan; Guannan Cui; Zhifeng Yang. 2018. "An Integrated Investigation of Spatiotemporal Habitat Quality Dynamics and Driving Forces in the Upper Basin of Miyun Reservoir, North China." Sustainability 10, no. 12: 4625.

Journal article
Published: 29 October 2018 in Scientific Reports
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Three meteorological parameters, including one parameter representing water conditions (i.e., precipitation) and two parameters representing energy conditions (i.e., net radiation and air temperature), were used to make an in-depth analysis of the response of Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) dynamics to climate change in Lake Baiyangdian, a shallow lake located in Xiong’an New Area (XNA), a future metropolitan in North China. The results showed that the vegetation coverage of the entire area remained at a medium level with average NDVI being 0.46 during 2000–2015. At a yearly scale, water was the key factor controlling the reed growth in Lake Baiyangdian. NDVI variations in each season had different water/energy driving factors. In spring, summer and autumn, vegetation growth was mainly affected by net radiation, air temperature and air temperature, respectively. Time-lags between NDVI and the meteorological parameters varied from parameters and seasons. Taken together, this research broadened our cognition about response characteristics of NDVI dynamics to water and energy variations through adding an important meteorological parameter (i.e., net radiation). With the rapid construction of XNA, it could be helpful for accurately understanding impacts of climate change on vegetation growth and be beneficial for effective ecosystem management in water shortage areas.

ACS Style

Yunlong Zhang; Xuan Wang; Chunhui Li; Yanpeng Cai; Zhifeng Yang; Yujun Yi. NDVI dynamics under changing meteorological factors in a shallow lake in future metropolitan, semiarid area in North China. Scientific Reports 2018, 8, 15971 .

AMA Style

Yunlong Zhang, Xuan Wang, Chunhui Li, Yanpeng Cai, Zhifeng Yang, Yujun Yi. NDVI dynamics under changing meteorological factors in a shallow lake in future metropolitan, semiarid area in North China. Scientific Reports. 2018; 8 (1):15971.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yunlong Zhang; Xuan Wang; Chunhui Li; Yanpeng Cai; Zhifeng Yang; Yujun Yi. 2018. "NDVI dynamics under changing meteorological factors in a shallow lake in future metropolitan, semiarid area in North China." Scientific Reports 8, no. 1: 15971.

Journal article
Published: 23 October 2018 in Journal of Hydroinformatics
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This paper presents an improved two-step parameter adjustment method for the construction of a reservoir operation function model, by using repeated principal component analysis (PCA) and a genetic algorithm (GA) to optimize parameters in conventional multiple regression models. The first step is to use repeated PCA, to exclude the co-linear parameters in a multiple regression expression reflecting relationships among possible impact factors of reservoir operation, so as to form an initial reservoir operation function model. The second step is to use a GA to optimize the model constructed in the first step, and to compare its effects with other regression methods. The results show that the proposed reservoir operation function model can produce better results, which correlate water volume for power generation, input discharge, water level, and ecological flow. Compared with established scheduling schemes, the optimized scheme increases the water volume for power generation by 1.06 × 109 m3/yr, and the optimized result generates an increase in economic benefits of 3.22 × 107 yuan/yr (i.e., 4.69 × 106 USD/yr).

ACS Style

Xuan Wang; Xiao Chen; Quan Cui; Zhifeng Yang. An improved two-step parameter adjustment method for the optimization of a reservoir operation function model based on repeated principal component analysis and a genetic algorithm. Journal of Hydroinformatics 2018, 21, 1 -12.

AMA Style

Xuan Wang, Xiao Chen, Quan Cui, Zhifeng Yang. An improved two-step parameter adjustment method for the optimization of a reservoir operation function model based on repeated principal component analysis and a genetic algorithm. Journal of Hydroinformatics. 2018; 21 (1):1-12.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Xuan Wang; Xiao Chen; Quan Cui; Zhifeng Yang. 2018. "An improved two-step parameter adjustment method for the optimization of a reservoir operation function model based on repeated principal component analysis and a genetic algorithm." Journal of Hydroinformatics 21, no. 1: 1-12.

Journal article
Published: 21 March 2018 in Ecological Indicators
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The relations between benthic macroinvertebrate communities and eco-factors usually are nonlinear and highly complex, and are often difficult to evaluate. In this study, canonical correlation analysis (CCA) and a generalized additive model (GAM) were applied to identify the key eco-factors that influence the community characteristics of benthic macroinvertebrates in a shallow water lake--Baiyangdian Lake. The water depth (H), water transparency (secchi disc depth, SD), concentration of chlorophyll-a (Chl-a), water temperature (T), concentration of dissolved oxygen (DO), oxidation and reduction potential (ORP), ammonium nitrogen (NH4-N) and nitrate nitrogen (NO3-N) in water, median particle diameter (D50), ammonium nitrogen in the substrate (NH4-Nsoil), and biomass of macrophytes, are the main eco-factors affecting the spatial distribution and structure of the benthic macroinvertebrate community in the shallow freshwater lake. This study is the first to introduce GAM to habitat suitability evaluation for benthic macroinvertebrates in large shallow lakes, and to use the Margalef index (dM) instead of individual indicator species to indicate diversity variation. Five factors, including H, T, NH4-Nsoil, organic matter (OM) in the substrates, and the biomass of macrophytes, were selected in the optimal model by stepwise regression. The response curves generated by the GAM indicated that the diversity of benthic macroinvertebrates was negatively correlated with H and (NH3-Nsoil) and was positively correlated with T and OM. The response curve showing the relation between taxa diversity and the biomass of macrophytes was unimodal. The current study examined the combined influence of multiple eco-factors on benthic macroinvertebrates, and increased understanding of relations between the benthic macroinvertebrate community and eco-factors in a shallow lake system.

ACS Style

Yujun Yi; Jie Sun; Yufeng Yang; Yang Zhou; Caihong Tang; Xuan Wang; Zhifeng Yang. Habitat suitability evaluation of a benthic macroinvertebrate community in a shallow lake. Ecological Indicators 2018, 90, 451 -459.

AMA Style

Yujun Yi, Jie Sun, Yufeng Yang, Yang Zhou, Caihong Tang, Xuan Wang, Zhifeng Yang. Habitat suitability evaluation of a benthic macroinvertebrate community in a shallow lake. Ecological Indicators. 2018; 90 ():451-459.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yujun Yi; Jie Sun; Yufeng Yang; Yang Zhou; Caihong Tang; Xuan Wang; Zhifeng Yang. 2018. "Habitat suitability evaluation of a benthic macroinvertebrate community in a shallow lake." Ecological Indicators 90, no. : 451-459.