Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains one of the most prevalent malignancies worldwide. Regular physical activity (PA) is increasingly recognized as a modifiable factor influencing both cancer prevention and patient outcomes. This review summarizes current evidence on the role of PA in CRC prevention, treatment, and survivorship, emphasizing its clinical significance and underlying biological mechanisms. Methods: A narrative review of recent randomized trials, cohort studies, and meta-analyses published in peer-reviewed journals was conducted. Studies addressing PA in relation to CRC incidence, recurrence, postoperative recovery, and treatment-related outcomes were included. Results: Evidence consistently demonstrates that regular PA reduces the risk of colorectal adenomas and cancer by approximately 20–30%. In CRC survivors, structured exercise programs improve physical and psychological well-being, mitigate treatment-related side effects, and may decrease recurrence and mortality risk. Randomized trials such as CHALLENGE and PHYSSURG-C highlight that supervision, intensity, and duration are critical for achieving clinical benefits. The beneficial effects of PA are mediated by metabolic, inflammatory, and immune pathways, including improved insulin sensitivity, reduced systemic inflammation, and enhanced immune function. Conclusions: Regular physical activity should be considered as a component of colorectal cancer prevention and survivorship care, offering measurable benefits for both clinical outcomes and quality of life.

Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD), is a chronic, relapsing inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract associated with dysbiosis of the gut microbiota. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has emerged as a microbiome-based therapeutic approach aimed at restoring a healthy microbial ecosystem. Methods: A narrative review was performed, incorporating recent randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, and meta-analyses published in peer-reviewed journals. The review focused on studies investigating FMT as a therapeutic approach for inducing or maintaining IBD. Results: Originally validated for recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection, FMT has shown promising results in IBD, particularly in inducing clinical and endoscopic remission in patients with active UC. Evidence suggests that treatment response is influenced by factors including donor microbiota composition, disease severity, baseline microbiome of recipients, and administration protocols. Despite encouraging outcomes, heterogeneity in study design, stool preparation, delivery methods, and treatment schedules limits definitive conclusions. Moreover, the efficacy of FMT for maintenance of remission in UC or induction and maintenance of remission in CD remains uncertain. Safety data are generally favorable in the short term, though long-term risks and standardized procedural protocols require further investigation. Conclusions: Overall, FMT offers a unique strategy to modulate gut microbial composition and investigate causal relationships in IBD pathogenesis, but well-designed, large-scale studies are needed to establish optimized protocols, long-term efficacy, and safety across diverse patient populations.

Objective: This narrative review aims to evaluate the role of telemedicine and wearable devices in healthcare delivery and physical activity promotion, highlighting applications across multiple medical specialties and their impact on patient monitoring, rehabilitation, and chronic disease management. Methods: Relevant publications from 2018 to 2025 were retrieved from PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar. Included studies addressed the development, clinical utility, and behavioural impact of telemedicine platforms and wearable sensors within healthcare and exercise-related contexts. Key findings: Telemedicine and wearable devices are increasingly incorporated across diverse medical domains. In cardiovascular and sports medicine, they support exercise monitoring, early detection of physiological changes, and post-injury rehabilitation. In oncology and chronic disease management, these technologies enable remote symptom monitoring, adherence to therapy, and personalized care plans. Wearable devices provide continuous physiological data, enhancing individualized recommendations, safety, and motivation. Telemedicine contributes to promoting physical activity through real-time feedback and remote supervision. Limitations include device accuracy, data interpretation challenges, digital literacy barriers, and regulatory and privacy concerns. Future perspectives suggest hybrid care models and artificial intelligence integration to optimize monitoring and patient outcomes. Conclusion: Telemedicine and wearable technologies offer scalable, effective solutions for improving healthcare delivery and promoting physical activity. Their integration into clinical workflows, supported by hybrid models and equitable access strategies, has the potential to enhance monitoring, engagement, and overall health outcomes.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most lethal cancers, with poor survival even after surgical resection. Clinical stages include resectable (R-PDAC), borderline resectable (BR-PDAC), locally advanced, and metastatic disease. Neoadjuvant therapy (NAT)—chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy before surgery—has emerged as a promising strategy to improve outcomes by increasing margin-negative resection rates and enhancing overall survival. For R-PDAC, surgery followed by adjuvant chemotherapy remains the standard, but NAT may be considered in high-risk patients, such as those with severe pain, elevated CA 19-9, or large tumors. For BR-PDAC, NAT is the primary approach, significantly increasing R0 resection rates and prolonging survival. Common regimens include mFOLFIRINOX and gemcitabine-based combinations. NAT also carries risks, including disease progression during therapy, loss of resectability, and uncertainty in evaluating response. Current tools, such as imaging and CA 19-9, offer limited predictive value. The role of NAT in R-PDAC remains under debate, while its benefits in BR-PDAC are more established. This review summarizes current evidence and guidelines on NAT in PDAC, with a focus on treatment strategies, patient selection, and emerging approaches.

Background: Transthyretin amyloidosis (ATTR) is a rare, progressive systemic disorder caused by extracellular deposition of misfolded transthyretin, most commonly affecting the heart and peripheral nervous system. Because early manifestations are nonspecific, the disease is often under-recognised and diagnosed late, when organ damage is advanced. Methods: We performed a narrative review of the literature using PubMed and Google Scholar, searching for clinical and translational studies on transthyretin amyloidosis, with particular focus on symptoms, diagnostic pathways, and currently available as well as emerging treatments. Additional references were identified from the reference lists of key articles. Results: ATTR may present with a broad spectrum of cardiac, neurologic, gastrointestinal, musculoskeletal, and autonomic symptoms. Red-flag features include unexplained heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, increased ventricular wall thickness with low QRS voltages, bilateral carpal tunnel syndrome, lumbar spinal stenosis, and biceps tendon rupture. Diagnosis relies on a combination of clinical assessment, biomarkers, advanced imaging, and tissue biopsy when required, together with exclusion of light-chain amyloidosis. Disease-modifying therapies, particularly transthyretin stabilisers and gene-silencing agents, have significantly improved prognosis, especially when initiated early in the disease course. Conclusions: Clinicians should maintain a high index of suspicion for ATTR in patients with compatible multi-system features. Timely recognition and appropriate use of non-invasive diagnostic algorithms allow earlier initiation of targeted therapy, which is crucial for improving survival and quality of life in transthyretin amyloidosis.

Background: Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn’s Disease are the most common forms of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), with increasing prevalence both globally and in Poland. Many aspects of a patients’ everyday functioning and treatment remain underexplored. Methods: This study recruited adult patients with IBD hospitalized in the Department of Digestive Tract Diseases of the Medical University of Lodz, Poland. The data were collected between June and July 2025 using an author-developed questionnaire assessing patients’ opinions on therapy, their expectations, and overall life satisfaction. Results: A total of 87 patients with IBD were included in the analysis. Overall, 59 patients (67.82%) reported strong satisfaction with their current treatment, indicating a generally positive perception of disease management. Higher treatment satisfaction was associated with patients’ perception that their preferences were respected by the gastroenterologist. Further analysis revealed significant associations between different types of treatment, disease activity, and patient-reported outcomes. Those patients who were treated with biological agents more frequently reported complete satisfaction with the treatment (41/52 vs. 18/35; p = 0.014), low-to-moderate disease activity (42/52 vs. 19/35; p = 0.016), and fewer limitations in their social lives (16/52 vs. 20/35; p = 0.026) compared to the remaining group. Furthermore, the study demonstrated that those patients who reported remission were less likely to have their physical activity limited (27/55 vs. 27/32; p = 0.002). There were significantly more patients under 50 years of age than older patients getting biological therapy (48/74 vs. 4/13; p = 0.045). Additionally, women in the studied group had a higher rate of IBD-related surgical interventions compared to men (15/36 vs. 9/51; p = 0.026). Despite the high overall satisfaction with treatment and physician communication, 20 patients (22.99%) admitted to taking additional, non-prescribed medication or dietary supplements. Similarly, 21 (24.14%) patients modified treatment regimens by discontinuing the medication intake or changing the prescribed dose. Furthermore, 57 patients (65.52%) reported that they feared the possibility of surgical intervention. Nonetheless, the majority of patients who underwent surgical treatment (22/24; 91.67%) were satisfied with the results. Reported rates of undergoing regular colorectal cancer screening were also unsatisfactory—4/37 (10.81%) patients with disease duration > 8 years, suggesting inadequate awareness. Conclusions: Biological treatment can positively impact multiple aspects of patients’ lives by lowering the disease’s activity. Gastroenterologists should spend more time discussing patients’ preferences and concerns, as well as explaining the colorectal cancer screening rules.