Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common metabolic complication of pregnancy. Vitamin D has been implicated in glucose metabolism; however, its association with GDM remains controversial. Objective: The objective was to evaluate the association between maternal serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations and GDM in pregnant women referred for diagnostic 100 g oral glucose tolerance testing following a positive 50 g glucose challenge test. Methods: This retrospective study included 92 pregnant women (44 with GDM and 48 without GDM) who underwent diagnostic 100 g oral glucose tolerance testing between January 2016 and June 2025 at a tertiary-care hospital. Demographic characteristics and biochemical parameters, including serum 25(OH)D concentrations, were obtained from medical records. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors independently associated with GDM. Results: Women with GDM were significantly older than those without GDM (37.55 ± 6.06 vs. 29.21 ± 4.29 years, p < 0.001) and had lower serum vitamin D concentrations (14.08 ± 9.88 vs. 19.06 ± 10.30 ng/mL, p = 0.003). In multivariable logistic regression analysis, advanced maternal age (OR 1.404, 95% CI 1.217–1.620; p < 0.001) and lower serum vitamin D concentrations (OR 0.933, 95% CI 0.880–0.989; p = 0.020) were independently associated with GDM. Conclusion: Lower maternal serum 25(OH)D concentrations were independently associated with GDM in women referred for diagnostic 100 g oral glucose tolerance testing. These findings should be interpreted as observational and hypothesis-generating. Larger prospective studies are needed to confirm these results.

Yapılan çalışmamızda öğrencilerin ilerde çocuk sahibi olmak istedikleri ancak doğum için korku içinde oldukları görülmüştür. Öğrenciler doğumda çaresiz kalacaklarını düşünmektedirler. Bu sebepten dolayı sezaryene göre normal vajinal doğumdan daha fazla korktuğu bulunmuştur. Doğum ile bilgilerinin ise sosyal medyadan öğrendikleri için tam olarak doğru olmadığı düşünülmektedir. Doğum ile ilgili fizyolojik bilgilerin öğrenilmesi için daha akılda kalıcı projelere ihtiyaç vardır.

Mucinous ovarian cystadenomas are benign epithelial tumors that may reach considerable size when diagnosis is delayed. Although most cases remain asymptoma

Objective: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) during pregnancy is associated with adverse maternal and fetal outcomes, yet commonly used screening questionnaires may perform differently because of pregnancy-specific physiological changes. This study compared questionnaire-based OSA risk classifications obtained using the Berlin Questionnaire and STOP-BANG and examined their associations with metabolic parameters and diabetes-related history. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 210 pregnant women attending a tertiary obstetrics clinic. Berlin Questionnaire high risk was defined as positivity in at least two categories. STOP-BANG scores of 0–2, 3–4, and 5–8 indicated low, moderate, and high risk, respectively. Sociodemographic, obstetric, anthropometric, and biochemical variables were analyzed using multivariable logistic regression. Results: The Berlin Questionnaire classified 34 participants (16.2%) as high risk. STOP-BANG classified 183 (87.1%) as low risk, 5 (2.4%) as moderate risk, and 22 (10.5%) as high risk. Higher current weight was associated with increased questionnaire-based OSA risk according to both tools. In the Berlin model, HbA1c, BMI, and family history of diabetes were independently associated with high questionnaire-based OSA risk. No independent associations were identified in the STOP-BANG model. Although the Berlin model had 83.3% overall accuracy, it correctly classified only 2.9% of high-risk participants. Conclusions: The questionnaires identified different patterns of OSA risk. Findings were instrument-specific and do not indicate confirmed OSA. Given the absence of polysomnography, modest model performance, and limited high-risk classification, the results should be interpreted cautiously.

Constipation-related symptoms are common during pregnancy and may be influenced by hormonal, mechanical, dietary, and metabolic factors. Although magnesium

This study aimed to evaluate complete blood count-derived inflammatory markers in women with threatened abortion and to investigate their association with threatened abortion. This retrospective cohort study included 802 pregnant women presenting before 20 weeks of gestation. Hematological parameters were compared between women with threatened abortion and healthy pregnant controls. Neutrophil, lymphocyte, platelet, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) values were evaluated. Multivariable binary logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors independently associated with threatened abortion, with primary hematological parameters and derived inflammatory indices assessed in separate models to reduce multicollinearity. Women with threatened abortion had significantly lower lymphocyte counts and higher NLR and PLR values than controls (all P < .001), whereas neutrophil and platelet counts did not differ significantly. In multivariable analysis, lower lymphocyte count and higher neutrophil count were independently associated with threatened abortion. In the model including inflammatory indices, both NLR (odds ratio = 2.017, 95% confidence interval = 1.450–2.805; P < .001) and PLR (odds ratio = 1.033, 95% confidence interval = 1.022–1.044; P < .001) were independently associated with threatened abortion. Threatened abortion was characterized by lower lymphocyte counts and higher NLR and PLR values. These readily available inflammatory indices may serve as useful adjunctive markers for clinical assessment; however, prospective multicenter studies are needed to confirm their predictive utility.