This page has only limited features, please log in for full access.

Prof. Maryke Labuschagne
University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa

Basic Info


Research Keywords & Expertise

0 Cereals
0 crop quality
0 Plant Breeding and genetics
0 Nutritional value of plant
0 Abiotic stress and climate change

Fingerprints

Nutritional value of plant
Abiotic stress and climate change
Cereals
Plant Breeding and genetics

Honors and Awards

The user has no records in this section


Career Timeline

The user has no records in this section.


Short Biography

The user biography is not available.
Following
Followers
Co Authors
The list of users this user is following is empty.
Following: 0 users

Feed

Journal article
Published: 24 August 2021 in Plants
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Abiotic constraints such as water deficit reduce cereal production. Plants have different strategies against these stresses to improve plant growth, physiological metabolism and crop production. For example, arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM)—bread wheat association has been shown to improve tolerance to drought stress conditions. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of AM inoculation on plant characteristics, lipid peroxidation, solute accumulation, water deficit saturation, photosynthetic activity, total phenol secretion and enzymatic activities including peroxidise (PO) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) in two bread wheat cultivars (PAN3497 and SST806) under well-watered and drought-stressed conditions in plants grown under greenhouse conditions, to determine whether AM can enhance drought tolerance in wheat. AM inoculation improved morphological and physiological parameters in plants under stress. The leaf number increased by 35% and 5%, tiller number by 25% and 23%, chlorophyll content by 7% and 10%, accumulation of soluble sugars by 33% and 14%, electrolyte leakage by 26% and 32%, PPO by 44% and 47% and PO by 30% and 37% respectively, in PAN3497 and SST806, respectively. However, drought stress decreased proline content by 20% and 24%, oxidative damage to lipids measured as malondialdehyde by 34% and 60%, and total phenol content by 55% and 40% respectively, in AM treated plants of PAN3497 and SST806. PAN3497 was generally more drought-sensitive than SST806. This study showed that AM can contribute to protect plants against drought stress by alleviating water deficit induced oxidative stress.

ACS Style

Neila Abdi; Angeline van Biljon; Chrisna Steyn; Maryke Tine Labuschagne. Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum) Responses to Arbuscular Mycorrhizae Inoculation under Drought Stress Conditions. Plants 2021, 10, 1756 .

AMA Style

Neila Abdi, Angeline van Biljon, Chrisna Steyn, Maryke Tine Labuschagne. Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum) Responses to Arbuscular Mycorrhizae Inoculation under Drought Stress Conditions. Plants. 2021; 10 (9):1756.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Neila Abdi; Angeline van Biljon; Chrisna Steyn; Maryke Tine Labuschagne. 2021. "Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum) Responses to Arbuscular Mycorrhizae Inoculation under Drought Stress Conditions." Plants 10, no. 9: 1756.

Journal article
Published: 09 July 2021 in Agronomy
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Xenia is the immediate effect of pollen on seed development after pollination. This study was conducted to investigate xenia’s effects on Fe and Zn concentration in self- and open-pollinated maize seeds. Eighteen maize hybrids derived from parents with varying concentrations of Fe and Zn were planted at Potchefstroom, Cedara and Vaalharts in South Africa for two seasons, 2017 and 2018. Open- and self-pollinated seeds were compared. Self-pollination of five selected healthy maize hybrids of uniform height from each plot was performed. Fe, Zn and phytic acid (Pa) analysis was conducted on self -and open-pollinated maize seeds, and the molar ratios of Fe and Zn to Pa were also calculated to assess the bioavailability of Fe and Zn. The ranges of Fe, Zn and Pa, and the molar ratios of Fe and Zn to Pa in self-pollinated maize seeds were 15.93–21.36 mg kg−1, 18.50–24.34 mg kg−1, 4.63–5.84 mg g−1, 21.97–31.22 and 23.53–30.16 under high N, and 12.76–19.29 mg kg−1, 16.78–23.50 mg kg−1, 5.05–6.48 mg g−1, 26.12–44.54 and 25.44–35.94 under low N conditions, respectively. The ranges of Fe, Zn and Pa, and the molar ratios of Fe and Zn to Pa in open-pollinated seeds were 14.34–19.12 mg kg−1, 17.27–23.27 mg kg−1, 4.96–5.89 mg g−1, 20.90–28.22 and 22.92–29.37 under high N, and 12.54–18.39 mg kg−1, 16.94–20.93 mg kg−1, 5.30–6.17 mg g−1, 27.90–38.75 and 27.95–36.34 under low N conditions, respectively. The bioavailability of Fe and Zn was high in self-pollinated seeds under high N conditions, while Fe was higher in self-pollinated seeds, and Zn was higher in open-pollinated seeds under low N conditions. Combined over seasons, there were no significant differences between the values of Fe and Zn in self- and open-pollinated seeds under both high N and low N conditions. This indicated that unknown males had no influence on Fe and Zn concentration in maize. Therefore, either self- or open-pollinated seeds can be used for Fe and Zn determination in maize crosses.

ACS Style

Sajjad Akhtar; Maryke Labuschagne; Gernot Osthoff; Kingston Mashingaidze; Akbar Hossain. Xenia and Deficit Nitrogen Influence the Iron and Zinc Concentration in the Grains of Hybrid Maize. Agronomy 2021, 11, 1388 .

AMA Style

Sajjad Akhtar, Maryke Labuschagne, Gernot Osthoff, Kingston Mashingaidze, Akbar Hossain. Xenia and Deficit Nitrogen Influence the Iron and Zinc Concentration in the Grains of Hybrid Maize. Agronomy. 2021; 11 (7):1388.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sajjad Akhtar; Maryke Labuschagne; Gernot Osthoff; Kingston Mashingaidze; Akbar Hossain. 2021. "Xenia and Deficit Nitrogen Influence the Iron and Zinc Concentration in the Grains of Hybrid Maize." Agronomy 11, no. 7: 1388.

Journal article
Published: 08 June 2021 in Journal of Cereal Science
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Drought and heat stress during the grain-filling period has been found to significantly alter gluten protein composition in wheat. Reversed phase-high performance liquid chromatography was used to assess the effect of environmental stress conditions (moderate and severe drought and heat stress) on variation of gluten proteins in six durum wheat cultivars with the same high molecular weight (HMW) and low molecular weight (LMW) - glutenin subunit composition. The gliadin fractions were highly affected by genotype, and the LMW glutenins not at all. The LMW glutenins and γ-gliadin were significantly reduced by all stress treatments. The γ-gliadins were highly significantly correlated with dough strength and other alveograph characteristics, and mixograph development time under all growing conditions. All stress treatments caused an increase in α-gliadins. HMW glutenins were significantly and negatively correlated with dough strength under all treatments except severe heat stress conditions. The γ-gliadins showed positive significant correlations with dough strength, alveograph tenacity and mixograph peak time for most treatments. The ω- and α-gliadins had a negative influence on alveograph characteristics, irrespective of the conditions the wheat was grown under.

ACS Style

K. Phakela; A. van Biljon; B. Wentzel; C. Guzman; M.T. Labuschagne. Gluten protein response to heat and drought stress in durum wheat as measured by reverse phase - high performance liquid chromatography. Journal of Cereal Science 2021, 100, 103267 .

AMA Style

K. Phakela, A. van Biljon, B. Wentzel, C. Guzman, M.T. Labuschagne. Gluten protein response to heat and drought stress in durum wheat as measured by reverse phase - high performance liquid chromatography. Journal of Cereal Science. 2021; 100 ():103267.

Chicago/Turabian Style

K. Phakela; A. van Biljon; B. Wentzel; C. Guzman; M.T. Labuschagne. 2021. "Gluten protein response to heat and drought stress in durum wheat as measured by reverse phase - high performance liquid chromatography." Journal of Cereal Science 100, no. : 103267.

Journal article
Published: 17 May 2021 in Plants
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Drought and temperature stress can cause considerable gluten protein accumulation changes during grain-filling, resulting in variations in wheat quality. The contribution of functional polymeric components of flour to its overall functionality and quality can be measured using solvent retention capacity (SRC). The aim of this study was to determine the effect of moderate and severe drought and heat stress on SRC and swelling index of glutenin (SIG) in six durum wheat cultivars with the same glutenin subunit composition and its relation with gluten protein fractions from size exclusion high performance liquid chromatography. Distilled water, sodium carbonate and sucrose SRC reacted similarly to stress conditions, with moderate heat causing the lowest values. Lactic acid SRC and SIG reacted similarly, where severe heat stress highly significantly increased the values. SIG was significantly correlated with sodium dodecyl sulphate sedimentation (SDSS) and flour protein content (FPC) under all conditions. Lactic acid SRC was highly correlated with FPC under optimal and moderate heat stress and with SDSS under moderate drought and severe heat. SIG was negatively correlated with low molecular weight glutenins under optimal and drought conditions, and combined for all treatments. The relationship between SRC and gluten proteins was inconsistent under different stress conditions.

ACS Style

Maryke Labuschagne; Carlos Guzmán; Keneuoe Phakela; Barend Wentzel; Angeline van Biljon. Solvent Retention Capacity and Gluten Protein Composition of Durum Wheat Flour as Influenced by Drought and Heat Stress. Plants 2021, 10, 1000 .

AMA Style

Maryke Labuschagne, Carlos Guzmán, Keneuoe Phakela, Barend Wentzel, Angeline van Biljon. Solvent Retention Capacity and Gluten Protein Composition of Durum Wheat Flour as Influenced by Drought and Heat Stress. Plants. 2021; 10 (5):1000.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Maryke Labuschagne; Carlos Guzmán; Keneuoe Phakela; Barend Wentzel; Angeline van Biljon. 2021. "Solvent Retention Capacity and Gluten Protein Composition of Durum Wheat Flour as Influenced by Drought and Heat Stress." Plants 10, no. 5: 1000.

Journal article
Published: 29 March 2021 in South African Journal of Science
Reads 0
Downloads 0

In sub-Saharan Africa, crops are often grown under low nitrogen (N) and low phosphorus (P) conditions, which may impact on the nutritional components of the grains. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of low N and low P and a combination of the two on iron (Fe), zinc (Zn) and phytic acid content in two commercial South African spring wheat cultivars (PAN3497 and SST806). Phenotypic traits were also investigated. Although cultivar effects were not significant, treatment effects were highly significant for the phenotypic and nutritional traits. Low P stress increased Fe and Zn levels, whereas low N stress had the opposite effect. In addition, low P stress inhibited phytic acid accumulation the most, suggesting that under this treatment, Fe and Zn were more available because of less interaction with phytic acid. Compared to the low N treatment, the low P treatment led to lower reductions in the number of tillers, plant height, stem thickness, number of seeds, weight of seeds and dry weight for both cultivars. While low P had positive effects on the nutritional value of wheat, the combination of low N and P treatment had a negative impact on most of the measured characteristics. Low N conditions had more negative effects on all measured characteristics than low P conditions and was very detrimental to wheat nutritional value and yield.

ACS Style

Brigitta Tóth; Makoena J. Moloi; Lóránt Szöke; Maryke Labuschagne. Low nitrogen and phosphorus effects on wheat Fe, Zn, phytic acid and phenotypic traits. South African Journal of Science 2021, 117, 1 .

AMA Style

Brigitta Tóth, Makoena J. Moloi, Lóránt Szöke, Maryke Labuschagne. Low nitrogen and phosphorus effects on wheat Fe, Zn, phytic acid and phenotypic traits. South African Journal of Science. 2021; 117 (3/4):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Brigitta Tóth; Makoena J. Moloi; Lóránt Szöke; Maryke Labuschagne. 2021. "Low nitrogen and phosphorus effects on wheat Fe, Zn, phytic acid and phenotypic traits." South African Journal of Science 117, no. 3/4: 1.

Review
Published: 23 March 2021 in Nutrients
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Macro and micronutrient deficiencies pose serious health challenges globally, with the largest impact in developing regions such as subSaharan Africa (SSA), Latin America and South Asia. Maize is a good source of calories but contains low concentrations of essential nutrients. Major limiting nutrients in maize-based diets are essential amino acids such as lysine and tryptophan, and micronutrients such as vitamin A, zinc (Zn) and iron (Fe). Responding to these challenges, separate maize biofortification programs have been designed worldwide, resulting in several cultivars with high levels of provitamin A, lysine, tryptophan, Zn and Fe being commercialized. This strategy of developing single-nutrient biofortified cultivars does not address the nutrient deficiency challenges in SSA in an integrated manner. Hence, development of maize with multinutritional attributes can be a sustainable and cost-effective strategy for addressing the problem of nutrient deficiencies in SSA. This review provides a synopsis of the health challenges associated with Zn, provitamin A and tryptophan deficiencies and link these to vulnerable societies; a synthesis of past and present intervention measures for addressing nutrient deficiencies in SSA; and a discussion on the possibility of developing maize with multinutritional quality attributes, but also with adaptation to stress conditions in SSA.

ACS Style

Nakai Goredema-Matongera; Thokozile Ndhlela; Cosmos Magorokosho; Casper Kamutando; Angeline van Biljon; Maryke Labuschagne. Multinutrient Biofortification of Maize (Zea mays L.) in Africa: Current Status, Opportunities and Limitations. Nutrients 2021, 13, 1039 .

AMA Style

Nakai Goredema-Matongera, Thokozile Ndhlela, Cosmos Magorokosho, Casper Kamutando, Angeline van Biljon, Maryke Labuschagne. Multinutrient Biofortification of Maize (Zea mays L.) in Africa: Current Status, Opportunities and Limitations. Nutrients. 2021; 13 (3):1039.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Nakai Goredema-Matongera; Thokozile Ndhlela; Cosmos Magorokosho; Casper Kamutando; Angeline van Biljon; Maryke Labuschagne. 2021. "Multinutrient Biofortification of Maize (Zea mays L.) in Africa: Current Status, Opportunities and Limitations." Nutrients 13, no. 3: 1039.

Article
Published: 13 February 2021 in Euphytica
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Development of improved genotypes requires acquiring adequate information on genetic background and nature of gene action for planning appropriate breeding and selection strategies. This study was aimed at obtaining estimates of general and specific combining ability, identifying the best combiners in developing drought tolerant genotypes and determining gene action of soybean traits. Six genotypes were crossed using the North Carolina II mating design to form eight families, of which Makwacha and Nasoko were regarded as males and TGX1990-137F, TGX1987-23F, 1988-70F and Tikolore were regarded as females. Two-hundred F2 progeny and six parents were evaluated in the field under non-water-limited stress (non-WLS) and water-limited stress (WLS) conditions across 2 sites during the 2018 dry season in a split-plot layout. Water-regimes were allocated to main plots and genotypes to subplots in a randomized complete block design with 3 replications. Significant genotype and water regime effects were found for seed yield and yield components. Most progeny ranked higher than parents under WLS conditions for all traits. Significant general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) effects for all traits indicated that both additive and non-additive gene effects were important for trait expression under WLS conditions. Both GCA and SCA effects significantly interacted with water regime effects, demonstrating the need for testing of potential progeny across varied WLS levels to determine stable genotypes. Parents and F2 progeny with significant positive GCA and SCA effects, respectively, under WLS were identified as potential material for inclusion in the breeding program for drought tolerance.

ACS Style

Margaret Kondowe Chiipanthenga; Maryke Tine Labuschagne; Isaac Rhinnexious Fandika; Rouxléne van der Merwe. Combining ability of soybean (Glycine max L.) yield performance and related traits under water-limited stress conditions. Euphytica 2021, 217, 1 -17.

AMA Style

Margaret Kondowe Chiipanthenga, Maryke Tine Labuschagne, Isaac Rhinnexious Fandika, Rouxléne van der Merwe. Combining ability of soybean (Glycine max L.) yield performance and related traits under water-limited stress conditions. Euphytica. 2021; 217 (3):1-17.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Margaret Kondowe Chiipanthenga; Maryke Tine Labuschagne; Isaac Rhinnexious Fandika; Rouxléne van der Merwe. 2021. "Combining ability of soybean (Glycine max L.) yield performance and related traits under water-limited stress conditions." Euphytica 217, no. 3: 1-17.

Research article
Published: 18 January 2021 in Journal of Crop Improvement
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Mutation breeding has been used successfully worldwide to generate crop varieties with various traits, including pest resistance. Before any mutation breeding is initiated, radio-sensitivity tests need to be conducted to determine optimum doses for mutagenesis. In this study, radio-sensitivity tests were conducted on three maize (Zea mays L.) genotypes with six gamma irradiation doses. Highly significant effects of mutagenesis on days to seedling emergence, emergence percentage, and seedling height were observed. Regressing seedling height on gamma-ray doses estimated the lethal dose 50 for the three varieties. The study showed that maize seeds were responsive to gamma irradiation and optimal doses can be used to generate novel genetic variability for effective breeding. Doses with high relative biological effectiveness for mutation breeding ranged from 160 gy – 275 gy.

ACS Style

Prince M. Matova; Casper N. Kamutando; Fatma Sarsu; Cosmos Magorokosho; Maryke Labuschagne. Determining the optimum gamma irradiation dose for developing novel maize genotypes. Journal of Crop Improvement 2021, 35, 568 -581.

AMA Style

Prince M. Matova, Casper N. Kamutando, Fatma Sarsu, Cosmos Magorokosho, Maryke Labuschagne. Determining the optimum gamma irradiation dose for developing novel maize genotypes. Journal of Crop Improvement. 2021; 35 (4):568-581.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Prince M. Matova; Casper N. Kamutando; Fatma Sarsu; Cosmos Magorokosho; Maryke Labuschagne. 2021. "Determining the optimum gamma irradiation dose for developing novel maize genotypes." Journal of Crop Improvement 35, no. 4: 568-581.

Research article
Published: 29 December 2020 in Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B — Soil & Plant Science
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Cowpea (Vigna unguiculate L.) is an important legume crop due to its nutritional value and it has the potential to contribute to the alleviation of malnutrition in the world. The study objectives were to determine the variability among 70 cowpea genotypes for the concentration of mineral elements and phytochemical contents, identify superior genotypes for mineral elements and phytochemical contents, and to determine the correlation among traits. Data were collected from 70 cowpea genotypes planted in two different locations during the 2017/18 and 2018/19 cropping seasons in South Africa. Grain samples were analysed for selected minerals such as Fe, Zn, Ca, Cu, K, Mg, Mn, Na, P, and phytochemical contents including total phenolic and flavonoid. Genotype, locations, seasons, and their interaction effects were highly significant (p < 0.001) for all traits. Best linear unbiased predictors identified superior genotypes for all traits in both locations. There were significant (p < 0.05) correlations among most of the traits evaluated. The high negative association of total phenolics with most of the minerals indicated that selecting for total phenolics may unintentionally reduce the content of minerals. These results will contribute to the development of improved cowpea cultivars for nutritional value towards alleviating malnutrition in the world.

ACS Style

Ntombokulunga W. Mbuma; Abe Shegro Gerrano; Ntjapa Lebaka; Stephen Amoo; Alina Mofokeng; Maryke Labuschagne. Variability in the concentration of mineral elements and phytochemical contents of cowpea genotypes for crop improvement. Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B — Soil & Plant Science 2020, 71, 132 -144.

AMA Style

Ntombokulunga W. Mbuma, Abe Shegro Gerrano, Ntjapa Lebaka, Stephen Amoo, Alina Mofokeng, Maryke Labuschagne. Variability in the concentration of mineral elements and phytochemical contents of cowpea genotypes for crop improvement. Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B — Soil & Plant Science. 2020; 71 (2):132-144.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ntombokulunga W. Mbuma; Abe Shegro Gerrano; Ntjapa Lebaka; Stephen Amoo; Alina Mofokeng; Maryke Labuschagne. 2020. "Variability in the concentration of mineral elements and phytochemical contents of cowpea genotypes for crop improvement." Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B — Soil & Plant Science 71, no. 2: 132-144.

Research article
Published: 15 December 2020 in Cereal Chemistry
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Background and objectives Quality protein maize (QPM) nutritional quality involves high total protein content but reduced zein accumulation in maize endosperm, leading to increased non‐zein proteins, hence higher levels of essential amino acids such as lysine and tryptophan. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of low nitrogen (N) conditions in one location, and optimum conditions in three locations, on zein proteins in 10 QPM hybrids developed by the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT) compared to two non‐QPM checks. Findings With a few exceptions, total protein content, and γ‐ and α‐zein peak areas were significantly reduced under low N compared to optimal conditions, while β‐zein increased. Non‐QPM hybrids had higher protein content than QPM hybrids, and QPM hybrids had higher γ‐zein than non‐QPM in all environments. Higher α‐zein values than other zein types were observed in non‐QPM than in QPM genotypes in all environments. Significance and novelty Low N significantly reduced protein content and all the zein fractions except for β‐zeins, which were increased. The advantages of a decrease in zein fractions in QPM under low N conditions were offset by a large decrease in grain protein content.

ACS Style

Hilda Shawa; Angeline van Biljon; Maryke T. Labuschagne. Protein quality and quantity of quality protein maize (QPM) and non‐QPM hybrids under optimal and low nitrogen conditions. Cereal Chemistry 2020, 98, 507 -516.

AMA Style

Hilda Shawa, Angeline van Biljon, Maryke T. Labuschagne. Protein quality and quantity of quality protein maize (QPM) and non‐QPM hybrids under optimal and low nitrogen conditions. Cereal Chemistry. 2020; 98 (3):507-516.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hilda Shawa; Angeline van Biljon; Maryke T. Labuschagne. 2020. "Protein quality and quantity of quality protein maize (QPM) and non‐QPM hybrids under optimal and low nitrogen conditions." Cereal Chemistry 98, no. 3: 507-516.

Journal article
Published: 04 December 2020 in Foods
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Biofortified yellow-fleshed cassava is important in countries with high cassava consumption, to improve the vitamin A status of their populations. Yellow- and white-fleshed cassava were evaluated over three locations for proximate composition and cyanide content as well as retention of carotenoids after boiling. There was significant variation in the crude fiber, fat, protein and ash content of the genotypes. All but one of the yellow-fleshed cassava genotypes recorded higher protein values than the white-fleshed local genotypes across locations. The cyanide content of the genotypes varied between locations but was within the range of sweet cassava genotypes, but above the maximum acceptable recommended limit. Micronutrient retention is important in biofortified crops because a loss of micronutrients during processing and cooking reduces the nutritional value of biofortified foods. Total carotenoid content (TCC) ranged from 1.18–18.81 μg.g−1 and 1.01–13.36 μg.g−1 (fresh weight basis) for fresh and boiled cassava, respectively. All the yellow-fleshed cassava genotypes recorded higher TCC values in both the fresh and boiled state than the white-fleshed genotypes used as checks.

ACS Style

Bright Boakye Peprah; Elizabeth Y. Parkes; Obed A. Harrison; Angeline Van Biljon; Matilda Steiner-Asiedu; Maryke T. Labuschagne. Proximate Composition, Cyanide Content, and Carotenoid Retention after Boiling of Provitamin A-Rich Cassava Grown in Ghana. Foods 2020, 9, 1800 .

AMA Style

Bright Boakye Peprah, Elizabeth Y. Parkes, Obed A. Harrison, Angeline Van Biljon, Matilda Steiner-Asiedu, Maryke T. Labuschagne. Proximate Composition, Cyanide Content, and Carotenoid Retention after Boiling of Provitamin A-Rich Cassava Grown in Ghana. Foods. 2020; 9 (12):1800.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Bright Boakye Peprah; Elizabeth Y. Parkes; Obed A. Harrison; Angeline Van Biljon; Matilda Steiner-Asiedu; Maryke T. Labuschagne. 2020. "Proximate Composition, Cyanide Content, and Carotenoid Retention after Boiling of Provitamin A-Rich Cassava Grown in Ghana." Foods 9, no. 12: 1800.

Journal article
Published: 24 November 2020 in Agronomy
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Cassava is an important root crop in sub-Saharan Africa, largely cultivated for its starchy edible roots. Biofortified cassava varieties with enhanced provitamin A carotenoid content (PVAC) developed through conventional breeding provide a solution for vitamin A deficiency among vulnerable communities. The aim of this study was to use diallel analysis of six provitamin A cassava genotypes to determine the combining ability, genetic components, heritability, and heterosis of the most important yield characteristics and total carotenoids. Genetic variability for measured characteristics were evident. Fresh root yield was mainly determined by non-additive genetic effects, while dry matter content and total carotenoids were determined by additive effects. Total carotenoids were negatively correlated with fresh root yield, indicating that selection for higher provitamin A content could reduce yield. Mid and higher parent heterosis was seen in some of the crosses for fresh root yield, dry matter content, and total carotenoids. Narrow sense heritability was moderate for fresh root yield and dry matter content, and was high for total carotenoids. This study indicated that yield and dry matter content can be improved in provitamin A cassava but that increased provitamin A content may carry a yield penalty.

ACS Style

Elizabeth Parkes; Olufemi Aina; Akuwa Kingsley; Peter Iluebbey; Moshood Bakare; Afolabi Agbona; Patrick Akpotuzor; Maryke Labuschagne; Peter Kulakow. Combining Ability and Genetic Components of Yield Characteristics, Dry Matter Content, and Total Carotenoids in Provitamin A Cassava F1 Cross-Progeny. Agronomy 2020, 10, 1850 .

AMA Style

Elizabeth Parkes, Olufemi Aina, Akuwa Kingsley, Peter Iluebbey, Moshood Bakare, Afolabi Agbona, Patrick Akpotuzor, Maryke Labuschagne, Peter Kulakow. Combining Ability and Genetic Components of Yield Characteristics, Dry Matter Content, and Total Carotenoids in Provitamin A Cassava F1 Cross-Progeny. Agronomy. 2020; 10 (12):1850.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Elizabeth Parkes; Olufemi Aina; Akuwa Kingsley; Peter Iluebbey; Moshood Bakare; Afolabi Agbona; Patrick Akpotuzor; Maryke Labuschagne; Peter Kulakow. 2020. "Combining Ability and Genetic Components of Yield Characteristics, Dry Matter Content, and Total Carotenoids in Provitamin A Cassava F1 Cross-Progeny." Agronomy 10, no. 12: 1850.

Journal article
Published: 31 October 2020 in Plants
Reads 0
Downloads 0

The recent study was conducted to examine the influence of acidic soil on the activities of ascorbate (APX) and guaiacol peroxidase (POD), proline, protein as well as malon-dialdehyde (MDA) content, in two commercial spring wheat cultivars (PAN3497 and SST806) at different growth stages (tillering and grain filling). A cultivar effect was significant only for MDA content, while the treatment effect was highly significant for proline, protein, and MDA. The sampling time effect was significant for most characteristics. MDA, antioxidative capacity, as well as protein content increased with maturity. At grain filling, MDA and proline contents were significantly higher at pH 5 than pH 6 and 7 for both cultivars, with the highest content in SST806. Similarly, SST806 had significantly higher APX and POD when growing at pH 5. There were no significant differences in protein content at grain filling between either genotype or treatments affected by low pH. This study showed that growth stage and soil pH influence the rate of lipid peroxidation as well as the antioxidative capacity of wheat, with a larger effect at grain filling, at pH 5. Although SST806 had higher proline, POD, and APX content than PAN3497 at this growth stage, this coincided with a very high MDA content. This shows that the high antioxidative capacity observed here, was not associated with a reduction of lipid peroxidation under low soil pH. Further research should, therefore, be done to establish the role of the induced antioxidant system in association with growth and yield in wheat.

ACS Style

Brigitta Tóth; Csaba Juhász; Maryke Labuschagne; Makoena Joyce Moloi. The Influence of Soil Acidity on the Physiological Responses of Two Bread Wheat Cultivars. Plants 2020, 9, 1472 .

AMA Style

Brigitta Tóth, Csaba Juhász, Maryke Labuschagne, Makoena Joyce Moloi. The Influence of Soil Acidity on the Physiological Responses of Two Bread Wheat Cultivars. Plants. 2020; 9 (11):1472.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Brigitta Tóth; Csaba Juhász; Maryke Labuschagne; Makoena Joyce Moloi. 2020. "The Influence of Soil Acidity on the Physiological Responses of Two Bread Wheat Cultivars." Plants 9, no. 11: 1472.

Original research article
Published: 12 September 2020 in Crop Science
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Cowpea is a valuable crop for subsistence farmers in sub‐Saharan Africa. Characterization and evaluation of cowpea germplasm collection based on seed yield for genotype by environment (GE) interactions can assist in improving the adaptability and stability across environments. This study objectives were to determine genetic variability in the germplasm collection, to determine the magnitude of GE interactions, to identify superior genotypes across environments and to determine the phenotypic correlations among the seed yield and related traits. Seventy‐five cowpea genotypes were planted in three different locations during the 2017/18 and 2018/19 cropping seasons and data were collected for seed yield and its components. Highly significant (P < 0.001) genotype (G) effect for seed yield traits suggested high genetic differences among the tested populations. Significant (P < 0.05) genotype by location interaction (GL), genotype by season interaction (GS) and genotype by location by season interaction (GLS) effects were observed for seed yield traits, indicating the presence of complex GE interactions. The GLS effect was more than GL and GS effect for seed yield, 100 seed weight, number of pods, and pod width, highlighting the difficulty in genetic improvement of these traits. Cowpea genotypes 6 (ARC006), 49 (ARC049), (IT90K‐76), and 57 (PAN311) showed high yield, wide adaptation, and stability. Genotype 58 (NGOII) and 1 (ARC001) showed high yield, unstable, and specific adaptation. No clear mega‐environments were identified. Significant (P < 0.05) correlations were observed among most of the traits evaluated. The results obtained would serve as a guide and basis of germplasm management and improvement of cowpea seed yield. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved

ACS Style

Ntombokulunga W. Mbuma; Abe S. Gerrano; Ntjapa Lebaka; Alina Mofokeng; Maryke Labuschagne. The evaluation of a southern African cowpea germplasm collection for seed yield and yield components. Crop Science 2020, 61, 466 -489.

AMA Style

Ntombokulunga W. Mbuma, Abe S. Gerrano, Ntjapa Lebaka, Alina Mofokeng, Maryke Labuschagne. The evaluation of a southern African cowpea germplasm collection for seed yield and yield components. Crop Science. 2020; 61 (1):466-489.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ntombokulunga W. Mbuma; Abe S. Gerrano; Ntjapa Lebaka; Alina Mofokeng; Maryke Labuschagne. 2020. "The evaluation of a southern African cowpea germplasm collection for seed yield and yield components." Crop Science 61, no. 1: 466-489.

Review and interpretation papers
Published: 29 August 2020 in Crop Science
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Fall armyworm [Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith); FAW] invasion has exacerbated maize (Zea mays L.) crop yield losses in sub‐Saharan Africa (SSA), already threatened by other stresses, especially those that are climate‐change induced. FAW is difficult to control, manage or eradicate, because it is polyphagous and trans‐boundary, multiplies fast, has a short life cycle and migrates easily, and lacks the diapause growth phase. In this study, FAW and its impact in Africa was reviewed, as well as past and present control strategies for this pest. Pesticides, cultural practices, natural enemies, host‐plant resistance, integrated pest management (IPM) and plant breeding approaches were examined as possible control strategies. It was concluded that an IPM control strategy, guided by cultural approaches already being used by farmers, and what can be adopted from the Americas, coupled with an insect resistance management strategy, is the best option to manage this pest in Africa. These strategies will be strengthened by breeding for multi‐trait host‐plant resistance through stacking of genes for different modes of control of the pest. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved

ACS Style

Prince M. Matova; Casper N. Kamutando; Cosmos Magorokosho; Dumisani Kutywayo; Freeman Gutsa; Maryke Labuschagne. Fall‐armyworm invasion, control practices and resistance breeding in Sub‐Saharan Africa. Crop Science 2020, 60, 2951 -2970.

AMA Style

Prince M. Matova, Casper N. Kamutando, Cosmos Magorokosho, Dumisani Kutywayo, Freeman Gutsa, Maryke Labuschagne. Fall‐armyworm invasion, control practices and resistance breeding in Sub‐Saharan Africa. Crop Science. 2020; 60 (6):2951-2970.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Prince M. Matova; Casper N. Kamutando; Cosmos Magorokosho; Dumisani Kutywayo; Freeman Gutsa; Maryke Labuschagne. 2020. "Fall‐armyworm invasion, control practices and resistance breeding in Sub‐Saharan Africa." Crop Science 60, no. 6: 2951-2970.

Article
Published: 04 August 2020 in Euphytica
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Small-scale maize farmers in sub-Saharan Africa use meager amounts of nitrogen (N) in their maize crops. N use efficient varieties can provide a solution to the problem of low N conditions through efficient N uptake and utilization. The objectives of this study were to i) compare the quantitative genetic parameters of grain yield and secondary traits under different nitrogen levels and ii) assess the efficiency of indirect selection for grain yield under low N stress through yield under optimum N and secondary traits under low N stress in maize. Doubled haploid lines derived from five bi-parental populations were evaluated. Genotype effect for grain yield and secondary traits was significant at all sites. Genetic variance for grain yield was reduced by 17% under moderate N stress and 63% under severe N stress conditions, while genetic variance for days to anthesis and plant height increased under both moderate and severe low N stress. The heritability of most secondary traits was consistently higher than that of grain yield. Correlations of grain yield with plant and ear heights were positive under low N conditions. Despite the reduction in genetic variances under low N conditions, there was genetic variability for grain yield and secondary traits. Direct selection for grain yield under low N rather than under optimum conditions was more efficient for yield improvement under the low N condition. The use of an index of secondary traits could increase the efficiency of improving grain yield rather than selection for only grain yield under low N conditions.

ACS Style

Berhanu Tadesse Ertiro; Michael Olsen; Biswanath Das; Manje Gowda; Maryke Labuschagne. Efficiency of indirect selection for grain yield in maize (Zea mays L.) under low nitrogen conditions through secondary traits under low nitrogen and grain yield under optimum conditions. Euphytica 2020, 216, 1 -12.

AMA Style

Berhanu Tadesse Ertiro, Michael Olsen, Biswanath Das, Manje Gowda, Maryke Labuschagne. Efficiency of indirect selection for grain yield in maize (Zea mays L.) under low nitrogen conditions through secondary traits under low nitrogen and grain yield under optimum conditions. Euphytica. 2020; 216 (8):1-12.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Berhanu Tadesse Ertiro; Michael Olsen; Biswanath Das; Manje Gowda; Maryke Labuschagne. 2020. "Efficiency of indirect selection for grain yield in maize (Zea mays L.) under low nitrogen conditions through secondary traits under low nitrogen and grain yield under optimum conditions." Euphytica 216, no. 8: 1-12.

Original paper
Published: 01 August 2020 in Cereal Research Communications
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Superior bread-making quality is required before breeding lines can be commercially classified. In South Africa, breeding lines together with a quality standard from five environments must be submitted for quality analysis for three consecutive seasons before such lines can be classified for commercial use. Breeders depend on falling number and mixograph analysis to indicate which breeding lines must be selected for submission. Time availability determines whether whole flour or white flour will be used for this quick screening process. During the classification process, the lines have to adhere to 11 primary quality criteria, which include hectolitre mass, falling number, grain and flour protein content, flour yield, flour colour, farinograph water absorption, alveograph stability/distensibility ratio, alveograph dough strength, loaf volume and corrected loaf volume. The aim of this study was to compare flour obtained from three different milling procedures, by using six selected Mixsmart parameters as indicators of the primary classification criteria for commercial cultivar release, to determine whether faster milling procedures such as a hammer mill or Junior Quadrumat mill will give the same results as the currently used Bühler mill. Seed of ten genotypes from two environments was used. There were sufficient correlations between the Mixsmart parameters and primary quality criteria, for selection of the best potential breeding lines, whether whole flour, white flour from the Junior Quadrumat mill or flour from the Bühler mill was used. Linear discriminant analysis confirmed that no differences existed between the three milling procedures for mixograph analysis as indicator of quality.

ACS Style

Christina Miles; Mardé Booyse; Angeline Van Biljon; Maryke Labuschagne. The effect of different milling procedures on dough mixing parameters of hard red bread wheat. Cereal Research Communications 2020, 48, 477 -483.

AMA Style

Christina Miles, Mardé Booyse, Angeline Van Biljon, Maryke Labuschagne. The effect of different milling procedures on dough mixing parameters of hard red bread wheat. Cereal Research Communications. 2020; 48 (4):477-483.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Christina Miles; Mardé Booyse; Angeline Van Biljon; Maryke Labuschagne. 2020. "The effect of different milling procedures on dough mixing parameters of hard red bread wheat." Cereal Research Communications 48, no. 4: 477-483.

Journal article
Published: 12 April 2020 in Journal of Cereal Science
Reads 0
Downloads 0

To overcome the cost and expense of milling and baking hundreds of samples in wheat breeding programs, cereal chemists have developed various rapid predictive tests for end-use quality assessment. In this study, five small-scale rapid tests, including Solvent Retention Capacity (SRC) and Swelling Index of Glutenin (SIG), were compared for viability and accuracy to determine end-use quality using small quantities of flour. The tests were applied on commercial hard red spring and hard red winter wheat cultivars from two of the three main production regions in South Africa. Rheological and bread-baking characteristics were related to results of the rapid tests. Highly significant cultivar differences were seen for all rheological and baking-related characteristics, and SRC and SIG parameters, with a strong genotype effect. The environment effect was also highly significant across regions, especially for flour protein content (FPC), which affected the rheological and baking-related characteristics differently across the regions. Correlations among SRC, SIG, rheological, and baking quality-related parameters were highly significant, but inconsistent for the two production regions. Only lactic acid SRC and SIG correlated consistently with the rheological and baking quality-related characteristics in both production regions.

ACS Style

R. Wessels; B. Wentzel; M.T. Labuschagne. Solvent retention capacity and swelling index of glutenin in hard red wheat flour as possible indicators of rheological and baking quality characteristics. Journal of Cereal Science 2020, 93, 102983 .

AMA Style

R. Wessels, B. Wentzel, M.T. Labuschagne. Solvent retention capacity and swelling index of glutenin in hard red wheat flour as possible indicators of rheological and baking quality characteristics. Journal of Cereal Science. 2020; 93 ():102983.

Chicago/Turabian Style

R. Wessels; B. Wentzel; M.T. Labuschagne. 2020. "Solvent retention capacity and swelling index of glutenin in hard red wheat flour as possible indicators of rheological and baking quality characteristics." Journal of Cereal Science 93, no. : 102983.

Chapter
Published: 18 March 2020 in Wheat Quality For Improving Processing And Human Health
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Gluten proteins account for 80% of wheat grain protein and are the largest contributor to wheat quality. Proteomics tools can be deployed in a programme designed to manipulate gluten proteins to improve quality and functional properties, to understand gluten structure and interrelationships between its components, and potentially to reduce allergies. The aim of this chapter is to review developments in the proteomics of gluten proteins, mainly from the last decade. It is clear that the technology used for gluten proteomics has developed significantly in this period, and the publication of the first completely sequenced wheat genome in 2014 has facilitated the application of these techniques in cereal research. Proteomics was shown to be useful for studying the effects of various biotic and abiotic stress conditions on gluten proteins during grain development. Proteomics will be increasingly important in investigating genotype by environment interaction in terms of baking quality characteristics. Great strides have also been made in the use of proteomics to identify gluten peptides with allergenic or toxic sequences. The integration of functional genomics, proteomics, bioinformatics, breeding and genetic resources is contributing to our understanding of the genetic and biochemical bases of quality traits in wheat. Technology is continually being developed and applied to elucidate interactions between biological molecules at all stages of the flow of genetic information in biological systems, and proteomics in combination with genomics will continue to play an important role in gluten protein research.

ACS Style

Maryke T. Labuschagne; Gilberto Igrejas. Proteomics as a Tool in Gluten Protein Research. Wheat Quality For Improving Processing And Human Health 2020, 145 -169.

AMA Style

Maryke T. Labuschagne, Gilberto Igrejas. Proteomics as a Tool in Gluten Protein Research. Wheat Quality For Improving Processing And Human Health. 2020; ():145-169.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Maryke T. Labuschagne; Gilberto Igrejas. 2020. "Proteomics as a Tool in Gluten Protein Research." Wheat Quality For Improving Processing And Human Health , no. : 145-169.

Journal article
Published: 17 March 2020 in Molecules
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Drought stress is becoming more prevalent with global warming, and has been shown to have large effects on gluten proteins linked to wheat bread making quality. Likewise, low temperature stress can detrimentally affect proteins in wheat. This study was done to determine the differential abundance of high molecular weight (HMW) glutenin proteins in a drought and low temperature stressed high quality hard red spring wheat cultivar (PAN3478), against a control. The treatments were applied in the greenhouse at the soft dough stage. HMW glutenin proteins were extracted from the flour, and were separated by using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. Protein spots that had p values lower than 0.05 and fold values equal to or greater than 1.2 were considered to be significantly differentially abundant. These proteins were further analyzed by using tandem mass spectrometry. There was a 1.3 to 1.8 fold change in 17 protein spots due to the cold treatment. The drought treatment caused a 1.3 to 3.8 fold change in 19 protein spots. These spots matched either HMW or low molecular weight (LMW) glutenin subunits. In the latter case, the C subunits of LMW glutenins were notably found to be up-regulated under both stress conditions. All the proteins that have been identified can directly influence dough characteristics. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with the identifier PXD017578.

ACS Style

Maryke Labuschagne; Stefania Masci; Silvio Tundo; Vera Muccilli; Rosaria Saletti; Angeline Van Biljon. Proteomic Analysis of Proteins Responsive to Drought and Low Temperature Stress in a Hard Red Spring Wheat Cultivar. Molecules 2020, 25, 1366 .

AMA Style

Maryke Labuschagne, Stefania Masci, Silvio Tundo, Vera Muccilli, Rosaria Saletti, Angeline Van Biljon. Proteomic Analysis of Proteins Responsive to Drought and Low Temperature Stress in a Hard Red Spring Wheat Cultivar. Molecules. 2020; 25 (6):1366.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Maryke Labuschagne; Stefania Masci; Silvio Tundo; Vera Muccilli; Rosaria Saletti; Angeline Van Biljon. 2020. "Proteomic Analysis of Proteins Responsive to Drought and Low Temperature Stress in a Hard Red Spring Wheat Cultivar." Molecules 25, no. 6: 1366.