Mental health problems during adolescence constitute a major public health concern today for both families and stakeholders. Accordingly, different family-based interventions have emerged as an effective treatment for adolescents with certain disorders. Specifically, there is evidence of the effectiveness of concrete approaches of systemic family therapy on the symptoms of adolescents and family functioning in general. However, few studies have examined the effectiveness of other relevant approaches, such as structural and strategic family therapy, incorporating parent–child or parental dyadic measurement. The purpose of this study was to test the effectiveness of a structural–strategic family therapy with adolescents involved in mental health services and their families. For this purpose, 41 parents and adolescents who participated in this treatment were interviewed at pre-test and post-test, providing information on adolescent behavior problems, parental sense of competence, parental practices, parenting alliance, and family functioning. Regardless of participants’ gender, adolescents exhibited fewer internalizing and externalizing problems after the treatment. Parents reported higher family cohesion, higher satisfaction and perceived efficacy as a parent, and healthier parental practices (less authoritarian and permissive practices, as well as more authoritative ones). An interaction effect between parenting alliance and gender was found, with more favorable results for the mothers. In conclusion, this paper provides evidence of the usefulness of structural–strategic family therapy for improving family, dyadic, and individual facets in families with adolescents exhibiting mental health problems.

Parental behavior is one of the most influential factors on the development of adolescent externalizing and internalizing behavior problems. These behavioral problems are closely related and often co-occur. The objectives of this work were: (i) to identify adolescents profiles according to their behavior problems; (ii) to explore individual, family, and social characteristics associated with these profiles; and (iii) to analyze the potential role of parenting styles in belonging to adolescents’ profiles. A total of 449 Spanish adolescents (223 from families declared at-risk and enrolled in Child Welfare Services and 226 from families from the general population) participated in this study. The analyses revealed three profiles of adolescents based on external and internal behavior problems (adjusted, external maladjustment, and internal maladjustment). Parenting styles explained the adolescents’ belonging to different profiles, in which the indulgent style was the most favorable in general terms. The distinctive role of parenting styles on two types of maladjustment profiles was confirmed. The relationship between parenting styles and adolescent adjustment is a key component that should be included in interventions according to adolescents’ behavior problem profiles. Furthermore, the results shed light on the need that family interventions are complemented with individualized interventions with adolescents that accumulate stressful life events.

Negative stereotypes towards ageing and the old age may negatively influence relationships and working with older people. The CENVE (Negative Stereotypes Towards Ageing) questionnaire is a validated Spanish tool designed to evaluate these stereotypes, but there are no evidence about its factorial structure with young people and adults. This factorial structure of CENVE is analysed in non-elderly subjects, and its relationship with various sociodemographic and experience-related indicators is also examined. A total of 350 young people and adults completed the CENVE. Information on demographics, specialised academic training in aging, and level of contact with elderly people were also provided. An analysis was performed on the factorial structure of the questionnaire and its relationship with socio-demographic and experiential indicators. The analyses performed did not confirm the original structure in 3 sub-scales, suggesting an alternative one-dimensional structure. It also suggested the existence of different ageist stereotypes associated with the socio-demographic profile of non-elderly subjects (particularly related to educational level). Less conclusive results were obtained regarding former experience and level of information on aging. CENVE is a useful tool for evaluating ageism, but in the present article a one-dimensional correction is suggested for the non-elderly population.

The aim of this study was to carry out a scoping review to analyze the available evidence regarding parenting skills, family functioning and social support in situations of CPV. When violent behavior occurs, roles, communication and emotional expression are affected, impacting both parenting skills and family functioning. The confluence of these variables could explain the perpetuation of violent behavior over time. The scoping review encompassed peer-reviewed articles published in English and Spanish from 2000 to 2019, located through searches carried out in relevant international databases (Web of Science, PsycINFO, Scopus, ERIC, Dialnet Plus). 22 relevant studies were identified. The collected data showed that, in situations of CPV, parents have low levels of perceived self-efficacy and difficulties regulating their emotions, and they display submissive behavior in parent–child interactions. The analyzed articles also described the presence of a negative family climate and a tendency to relativize violent acts perpetrated by children. Lastly, the evidence shows that social relations are altered by mistrust of formal support resources and a certain level of social isolation. The discussion of the obtained results highlights the need for interventions aimed at fostering parenting skills and improving formal support resources to enhance family functioning in situations of CPV.

ResumenA partir de la revisión de algunos de los estudios y de las investigaciones que se han realizado en nuestro país en los últimos años, en este artículo se lleva a cabo una síntesis de los principales indicadores del fenómeno de los malos tratos a mujeres a manos de sus parejas o ex-parejas en España en cuanto a su frecuencia, prevalencia y desarrollo. Asimismo, se revisan las principales características de los protagonistas de este grave problema social: las víctimas (directas e indirectas), los agresores y el contexto social y profesional en el que tiene lugar este fenómeno. La revisión efectuada permite concluir que la violencia de pareja que sufren las mujeres constituye un grave problema social que afecta a un colectivo importante de personas en nuestro país y que se trata de un fenómeno muy heterogéneo y universal sobre todo en cuanto al perfil de las víctimas. No obstante, las evidencias disponibles reflejan un perfil más homogéneo respecto al curso y desarrollo de los episodios violentos. Vistos en su conjunto, los indicadores disponibles sobre los malos tratos a mujeres en España invitan a poner en duda y rebatir muchos de los prejuicios que existen respecto a este problema.AbstractAfter a literature review of recent studies on partner violence against women in Spain, this paper describes the central indicators of frequency, prevalence and course of domestic abuse. The main characteristics of battered women, their children, the male aggressors, and the social and professional context in which these actions take place are summarized. Partner violence against women in Spain appears to be a serious social problem affecting a significant number of people. It is also a very heterogeneous and widespread phenomenon particularly with respect to female victims’ characteristics. However, studies offer a more homogenous profile of the course of domestic violence against women. As a whole, available indicators of domestic violence against women in Spain led us to cast some doubt and refute many of the prejudices about this subject

Este artículo analiza las características de implementación del programa de «Formación y apoyo familiar» (FAF). A partir de un análisis de necesidades, con una sólida fundamentación teórica y cumpliendo con los criterios de los programas basados en evidencias, el FAF se aplica en los servicios de preservación familiar de Andalucía para la promoción de la parentalidad positiva. En este artículo se analiza el proceso de implementación de 34 aplicaciones del programa FAF en las que participaron 155 madres. Desde una aproximación integral, se realizó un análisis de clústeres para explorar la variabilidad en las condiciones de implementación. Los resultados mostraron diferentes perfiles de implementación que moderaban la efectividad del programa FAF. Los grupos que mostraron mejores resultados fueron los de más duración, mayor tamaño y los que fueron aplicados con más fidelidad y por profesionales que valoraban muy positivamente el programa. Se discute la utilidad de examinar el proceso de implementación de diferentes aplicaciones del programa para identificar los elementos centrales del mismo y que necesitan ser respetados. Asimismo, se concluye con la necesidad de combinar fidelidad y flexibilidad para asegurar la validez ecológica de los programas de parentalidad positiva basados en la evidencia.This paper analyses the implementation characteristics of the Family Education and Support program, a theory-driven, needs-based, and evidence-based positive parenting program originally developed for the Andalusian family preservation services. The implementation process of 34 trials of the FAF program with 155 participants was analyzed. Cluster analyses were also performed to explore variability in implementation conditions from a comprehensive perspective. Results showed different implementation profiles that moderated the FAF effectiveness (namely lengthier interventions, higher program fidelity, and practitioners positive perceptions and satisfaction with the program). The relevance of examining implementation process across several trials is discussed in order to distinguish core and non-core FAF components, as well as the need for combining faithful and adaptable implementations that guarantee the ecologic validity of evidence-based positive parenting programs