This study investigated the tensile properties and fatigue behavior of FH36 steel plates subjected to alternating rolling processes in different directions, as well as their performance at room temperature and −60 °C. The results revealed that by employing sequential rolling in both the rolling and transverse directions, the disparities in the mechanical properties between these two directions were eliminated, resulting in nearly identical tensile performances. The macroscopic features of the high-cycle and low-cycle fatigue fractures at both room temperature and at −60 °C were similar, with high-cycle fatigue fractures exhibiting oblique shear features and low-cycle fatigue fractures exhibiting cup-cone shapes. The crack initiation zones were consistently located on the surface of the specimens. As the maximum stress increased, the area of the high-cycle fatigue crack propagation zone decreased, while the area of the final fracture zone, the number of dimples, and the proportion of low-angle grain boundaries all increased. Under −60 °C conditions, the critical crack length for high-cycle fatigue, the maximum stress limit for the onset of high-cycle fatigue, and the fatigue limit were all higher than those at room temperature, indicating a superior low-temperature fatigue performance.

We explored the effects of different solution treatment temperatures on the microstructure, mechanical properties and wear resistance of alloyed high-manganese steel, as well as the correlations among the three parameters. The results indicated that the average grain size of high-manganese steel first decreases and then gradually increases with an increasing solution temperature. After solution treatment, the surface hardness of the high-manganese steel is lower than that of untreated steel. At a solution treatment temperature of 1050 °C, the surface hardness value is lowest, at 253.1 HV. In addition, the optimal combination of tensile strength, yield strength and work hardening rate is observed at a solution treatment temperature of 950 °C. The friction performance test results revealed that the average friction coefficient on the surface of the high-manganese steel first decreased and then increased with the increase in solution treatment temperature. After solution treatment at 950 °C, it reached a minimum value 0.273 due to oxidation friction. Meanwhile, the hardness of the steel after friction increased rapidly because of its excellent work hardening ability, so the wear rate was relatively low, approximately 0.223 × 10⁻¹³ m²/N, demonstrating optimal wear resistance. After solution treatment, the average grain size of high-manganese steel changed, and there was a transformation of the wear mechanism; the friction and wear mechanism shifted from a combination of particle wear and fatigue wear to adhesive wear, with particle wear as the auxiliary.