Previously, miR-1, miR-122, miR-126, miR-132, miR-133, and miR-370 were found to be related to coronary artery disease (CAD) progression. However, their relationship with subclinical atherosclerosis, especially in subjects with metabolic syndrome, is unknown. Therefore, our aim was to determine their relationship with arterial markers of subclinical atherosclerosis. Metabolic syndrome subjects (n = 182) with high cardiovascular risk but without overt cardiovascular disease (CVD) were recruited from the Lithuanian High Cardiovascular Risk (LitHiR) primary prevention program. The ardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI), augmentation index normalized to a heart rate of 75 bpm (AIxHR75), aortic pulse wave velocity (AoPWV), and carotid artery stiffness were assessed. MicroRNAs (miRs) were analyzed in serum. Pearson correlation and a univariate linear regression t-test showed that miR-1, miR-133b, and miR-133a were negatively associated with CAVI mean, whereas miR-122 was positively associated. MiR-1, miR-133b and miR-133a, and miR-145 were negatively associated with AIxHR75. MiR-122 correlated negatively with AoPWV. In multivariate linear regression models, miR-133b and miR-122 predicted CAVImean, miR-133 predicted AIxHR75, and miR-122 predicted AoPWV. MiR-132 predicted right carotid artery stiffness, and miR-1 predicted left carotid artery stiffness. The addition of smoking to miR-133b and miR-122 enhanced the prediction of CAVI. Age and triglycerides enhanced the prediction of AoPWV by miR-122. A cluster of four miRs are related to subclinical atherosclerosis in subjects with metabolic syndrome. Combined, they may have a more substantial diagnostic or prognostic value than any single miR. Future follow-up studies are needed to establish their clinical relevance.

Objective: This study aimed to compare postoperative outcomes and 30-day mortality in patients with reduced ejection fraction (<40%) who underwent isolated coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) with (ONCAB) and without (OPCAB) the use of cardiopulmonary bypass. Methods: data from four university hospitals in Germany, spanning from January 2017 to December 2021, were retrospectively analyzed. A total of 551 patients were included in the study, and various demographic, intraoperative, and postoperative data were compared. Results: demographic parameters did not exhibit any differences. However, the OPCAB group displayed notably higher rates of preoperative renal insufficiency, urgent surgeries, and elevated EuroScore II and STS score. During surgery, the ONCAB group showed a significantly higher rate of complete revascularization, whereas the OPCAB group required fewer intraoperative transfusions. No disparities were observed in 30-day/in-hospital mortality for the entire cohort and the matched population between the two groups. Subsequent to surgery, the OPCAB group demonstrated significantly shorter mechanical ventilation times, reduced stays in the intensive care unit, and lower occurrences of ECLS therapy, acute kidney injury, delirium, and sepsis. Conclusions: the study’s findings indicate that OPCAB surgery presents a safe and viable alternative, yielding improved postoperative outcomes in this specific patient population compared to ONCAB surgery. Despite comparable 30-day/in-hospital mortality rates, OPCAB patients enjoyed advantages such as decreased mechanical ventilation durations, shorter ICU stays, and reduced incidences of ECLS therapy, acute kidney injury, delirium, and sepsis. These results underscore the potential benefits of employing OPCAB as a treatment approach for patients with coronary heart disease and reduced ejection fraction.

BACKGROUND: Right heart catheterization plays a pivotal role in the preprocedural evaluation of patients considered for transcatheter tricuspid valve edge-to-edge repair. This study aimed to explore the potential impact of hemodynamic parameters obtained through right heart catheterization on patient-centered outcomes. METHODS: This study represents a subanalysis from the multicenter EuroTR registry (European Registry of Transcatheter Repair for Tricuspid Regurgitation). Patients with invasive hemodynamic data who underwent isolated transcatheter tricuspid valve edge-to-edge repair for significant tricuspid regurgitation were included. Outcomes of interest were a composite of 2-year all-cause death or hospitalization for heart failure (HFH) and a patient-centered composite of 6-month all-cause mortality, HFH, New York Heart Association class IV/worsening New York Heart Association class compared with baseline. Secondary outcome included postprocedural New York Heart Association class improvement. RESULTS: Seven hundred and eleven patients were included in the analysis. Two-year survival free from death and HFH was 63%. Optimal prognostic thresholds identified for death and HFH at 2 years were: mean pulmonary artery pressure≥32 mm Hg, pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP)≥20 mm Hg, and pulmonary vascular resistance≥5 wood units (WU). The early patient-centered composite outcome occurred in 25% of cases. PCWP≥20 mm Hg was independently associated with an early clinical deterioration (hazard ratio, 2.77 [95% CI, 1.47–5.28]; P <0.001) and with 2-year death/HFH (hazard ratio, 1.75 [95% CI, 1.03–3.02]; P =0.04). No invasive parameter was associated with residual tricuspid regurgitation ≥3+. New York Heart Association class improved significantly throughout the follow-up ( P <0.001), although patients with elevated mean pulmonary artery pressure ( P =0.04) or PCWP ( P <0.01) experienced less symptomatic benefit. CONCLUSIONS: In patients undergoing transcatheter tricuspid valve edge-to-edge repair, invasive hemodynamics—especially elevated PCWP—are independently associated with early patient-centered outcomes and late adverse clinical events. Despite overall improvement of the functional status and no impact on residual tricuspid regurgitation, patients with higher mean pulmonary artery pressure or PCWP benefit less. These findings support the role of comprehensive right heart catheterization in preprocedural risk stratification. REGISTRATION: URL: https://clinicaltrials.gov ; Unique identifier: NCT06307262.

Background: This retrospective multicenter study investigates the impact of obesity on short-term surgical outcomes in patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Given the rising global prevalence of obesity and its known cardiovascular implications, understanding its specific effects in high-risk groups like HFrEF patients is crucial. Methods: The study analyzed data from 574 patients undergoing CABG across four German university hospitals from 2017 to 2023. Patients were stratified into ‘normal weight’ (n = 163) and ‘obese’ (n = 158) categories based on BMI (WHO classification). Data on demographics, clinical measurements, health status, cardiac history, intraoperative management, postoperative outcomes, and laboratory insights were collected and analyzed using Chi-square, ANOVA, Kruskal–Wallis, and binary logistic regression. Results: Key findings are a significant higher mortality rate (6.96% vs. 3.68%, p = 0.049) and younger age in obese patients (mean age 65.84 vs. 69.15 years, p = 0.003). Gender distribution showed no significant difference. Clinical assessment scores like EuroScore II and STS Score indicated no differences. Paradoxically, the preoperative left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was higher in the obese group (32.04% vs. 30.34%, p = 0.026). The prevalence of hypertension, COPD, hyperlipidemia, and other comorbidities did not significantly differ. Intraoperatively, obese patients required more packed red blood cells (p = 0.026), indicating a greater need for transfusion. Postoperatively, the obese group experienced longer hospital stays (median 14 vs. 13 days, p = 0.041) and higher ventilation times (median 16 vs. 13 h, p = 0.049). The incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) (17.72% vs. 9.20%, p = 0.048) and delirium (p = 0.016) was significantly higher, while, for diabetes prevalence, there was an indicating a trend towards significance (p = 0.051) in the obesity group, while other complications like sepsis, and the need for ECLS were similar across groups. Conclusions: The study reveals that obesity significantly worsens short-term outcomes in HFrEF patients undergoing CABG, increasing risks like mortality, kidney insufficiency, and postoperative delirium. These findings highlight the urgent need for personalized care, from surgical planning to postoperative strategies, to improve outcomes for this high-risk group, urging further tailored research.

Background: Cardiovascular risk factors and comorbidities are highly prevalent among COVID‐19 patients and are associated with worse outcomes.Hypothesis: We therefore investigated if established cardiovascular risk assessment models could efficiently predict adverse outcomes in COVID‐19. Furthermore, we aimed to generate novel risk scores including various cardiovascular parameters for prediction of short‐ and midterm outcomes in COVID‐19.Methods: We included 441 consecutive patients diagnosed with SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. Patients were followed‐up for 30 days after the hospital admission for all‐cause mortality (ACM), venous/arterial thromboembolism, and mechanical ventilation. We further followed up the patients for post‐COVID‐19 syndrome for 6 months and occurrence of myocarditis, heart failure, acute coronary syndrome (ACS), and rhythm events in a 12‐month follow‐up. Discrimination performance of DAPT, GRACE 2.0, PARIS‐CTE, PREDICT‐STABLE, CHA2‐DS2‐VASc, HAS‐BLED, PARIS‐MB, PRECISE‐DAPT scores for selected endpoints was evaluated by ROC‐analysis.Results: Out of established risk assessment models, GRACE 2.0 score performed best in predicting combined endpoint and ACM. Risk assessment models including age, cardiovascular risk factors, echocardiographic parameters, and biomarkers, were generated and could successfully predict the combined endpoint, ACM, venous/arterial thromboembolism, need for mechanical ventilation, myocarditis, ACS, heart failure, and rhythm events. Prediction of post‐COVID‐19 syndrome was poor.Conclusion: Risk assessment models including age, laboratory parameters, cardiovascular risk factors, and echocardiographic parameters showed good discrimination performance for adverse short‐ and midterm outcomes in COVID‐19 and outweighed discrimination performance of established cardiovascular risk assessment models.

Background/Objectives: Myocardial injury is linked to poor outcomes in respiratory infections. This study evaluated the prognostic value of high-sensitivity troponin I (hsTnI) in predicting 30-day outcomes in patients hospitalized with seasonal influenza. Methods: In this single-center retrospective study, 277 adults with laboratory-confirmed influenza were analyzed. Myocardial injury was defined by elevated hsTnI. The primary composite endpoint included 30-day mortality, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, and mechanical ventilation. Results: Patients with myocardial injury had significantly higher event rates for the composite endpoint than those without (p < 0.0001). Dynamic hsTnI elevations, reflecting acute myocardial injury, were also associated with worse outcomes (p = 0.026). Machine learning models incorporating hsTnI and laboratory data achieved excellent predictive performance (AUC = 0.99) and improved risk classification compared with conventional scores (p < 0.0001). Conclusions: Among hospitalized influenza patients, myocardial injury identified by hsTnI strongly predicted short-term adverse outcomes. Routine hsTnI assessment enhances risk stratification beyond standard clinical scores and may facilitate early identification and management of high-risk patients.