The global shift toward sustainable energy systems has led to an increased adoption of PV systems, driven by their enhanced performance and environmental benefits, including reduced carbon emissions. Improving the efficiency of Grid-Tied Photovoltaic Systems (GTPVS) is essential for guaranteeing reliable and sustainable renewable power integration. This research paper presents advanced hybrid Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) designed for GTPVS to maximize PV energy harvesting and support grid sustainability. The proposed technique combines Advanced Variable Step Size Incremental Conductance (AVIC) for reference voltage generation and an Integral Backstepping Control (IBC) to regulate the control of the step-up converter. This hybrid technique enables rapid convergence speed, reduces power losses, and enhances stability under fast-changing environmental conditions, Partial Shading Conditions (PSCs), and grid disturbances conditions. This MPPT is evaluated via the MATLAB/Simulink environment, version 2020b, and validated in real time using a Processor-in-the-Loop (PIL) setup on the eZdsp TMS320F28335 platform. Comparative analysis with benchmark methods confirms its superiority, with an average tracking performance of 99.57%, a response time of 0.02 s, and a Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) of 0.69%, accompanied by negligible steady-state oscillations. These findings indicate the validity and sustainability of the AVIC-IBC MPPT for real-time GTPVS operating under realistic climatic conditions.

The article suggests employing second-order sliding mode control (SOSMC) to manage photovoltaic systems (PVS) connected to the electrical grid. These systems face complexities due to non-linearities, variability, uncertainties, disturbances, and climate changes. The proposed control strategy utilizes two converters: one at the photovoltaic generator (PVG) side for maximum power point tracking (MPPT) to optimize energy generation and another at the grid connection point to regulate power injection into the grid and maintain the DC bus voltage (Vdc) while achieving unit power factor (UPF). Both converters are equipped with SOSMC controllers, enabling independent adjustment of active (P) and reactive (Q) power. This approach aims to enhance the energy efficiency and robustness of PVS under varying climatic conditions. The performance of the system is evaluated under standard and variable irradiation conditions using the MATLAB/Simulink environment. Simulation results indicate that SOSMC significantly improves system performance and efficiency compared to conventional vector control (CVC). Notably, it reduces active power overshoot by 100%, decreases Vdc response time, and lowers total harmonic distortion (THD) of the current to 1.19%, demonstrating its effectiveness across different irradiation levels.

This paper proposes a Nonlinear Backstepping Approach (NBA) to improve the control performance of a Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator (PMSG)-based Wind Energy Generation System (WEGS) under parameter uncertainties and short circuits with fluctuations in the grid voltage. Both the rectifier and the three-phase inverter are controlled using the NBA scheme; this method ensures Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT), which is a very appealing control objective with unpredictable scenarios of wind speed, and regulates the active and reactive power flows to the electrical network under varying wind speeds. Also, an inverter was employed to control voltage of the DC bus and the powers. The regulator’s stability is achieving using the Lyapunov approach. Simulation results with Matlab/Simulink confirm the efficiency of the presented scheme. The comparative analysis of the NBA with conventional Vector Controllers (VCs), under parameter deviations and for low voltage drop conditions, demonstrates the efficiency of the studied method.

In this paper, an analysis of wind farm system (WFS) based on permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) under sliding mode control (SMC) and vector control approach (VCA) gives the basis for co...