This paper presents a new analog design for a radio-frequency identification (RFID) tag antenna with a long-read range oriented to localization applications. The actual work focuses on the analog input characterization of antenna impedance by studying the capacitive effect, created by the gaps, and the effect of the introduced opened circuited L-shaped stubs, on the RFID tag characteristics. Numerical and measured results confirm that proposed tag antenna performances are significantly improved by introducing gaps and stub structures and after optimizing their dimensions, such as length and width. The introduced stubs with optimum dimensions provide good impedance matching, and improved return loss values. Furthermore, two operating frequency bands have been created when the antenna is excited by a 50 Ω port: a low-frequency band around 837 MHz and a higher one around 927 MHz. These results have been validated by measured ones. The proposed RFID antenna is mainly composed of three split rectangular resonators (SRR) where introduced structures concern only the larger SRR. The optimized antenna has an area of 76 × 24.6 mm² and is printed on the Taconic RF-60A substrate with a dielectric constant of 6.12, a thickness of 1.6 mm, and a loss tangent of 0.025. Simulation results show interesting communication performances, of the proposed tag antenna, with a return loss of −22.3 dB around 916 MHz and a long-read range up to 25 m when it is fed by an industrial Mping M730 chip with a power sensitivity of −24 dB and an output impedance Z_chip = 16 − j194 (Ω) at 916 MHz

This paper proposes a small-size UHF RFID tag antenna, which was designed to function in the frequency interval of 860–960 MHz, with a large-read range of up to 17 m. In this work, the effects of capacitive slots and gaps on the impedance matching between conventional industrial chips and a designed RFID antenna was investigated. Simulated and measured results provided a clear indication that these two techniques can efficiently improve the return loss parameter and the antenna impedance matching behavior at the UHF band. Three-dimensional electromagnetic (EM) simulations results further proved that a better impedance matching between an industrial chip and a proposed RFID antenna occurs at 870 MHz, where the estimated input antenna impedance was about Z_a = 16 + j184 (Ω), and the calculated read range reached a value of up to 17 m with a measured return loss value of –14 dB. The proposed RFID antenna can almost maintain the same read range value over a 180 degree angle variations on the horizontal plane owing to its omnidirectional radiation pattern. The fabrication and test stages of the antenna prototype were scheduled to validate the simulated characteristics. Experimental results confirmed the performances of our proposed RFID tag antenna and proved its potential ability for localization applications. EM simulations have been performed using the well-known commercial EM software simulator CST MWS.

Under both typical and partial shading conditions, this research seeks to assess how two maximum power point tracking (MPPT) solutions, Perturb and Observe (P&O) and fuzzy logic control (FLC), help maximize power extraction from a photovoltaic (PV) system. Applying MATLAB SIMULINK, a DC-DC converter and a PV generator were simulated to run these MPPT systems. The comparison focuses on the extracted power, the performance of each technique, and their ability to follow the global maximum power point (MPP). The simulation findings show that in standard and partial shading conditions, both P&O and fuzzy logic algorithms can effectively track the MPP. The fuzzy logic controller, however, turned out to be more accurate and efficient (≥98% efficiency vs. P&O's 97%) with minimal power oscillation, while the P&O algorithm had a faster response time.

This work presents the design of a high gain Stacked Cylindrical Dielectric Resonator Antenna (Sc. CDRA) fed by a micro-strip line for anti-collision radar SRR application at 79 GHz. The first proposed stacked antenna, which is resonating at 79 GHz and has a simulated gain of 8.39dB, is formed by two stacked cylindrical dielectric resonators (DR) materials of dielectric constants values respectively 17.9 and 16.9; but relatively near maximum values, of the main and the side lobs, remains a disadvantage of this first design. In order to increase the antenna' performances such as lowering return loss values, enhancing gain and, particularly, reducing radiation patterns side lobs magnitudes, we have added another cylindrical DR having a low permittivity value of 9. The simulated single Three Sc CDRA has a high gain (11.8 dB) and a narrow radiation beam where half power beam width (HPBW) is 35 degree at 79 GHz. Far field radiation patterns and return loss parameter of the structure have been investigated to extract the optimal design where results demonstrated a very low S ₁₁ values and desired directional properties of antenna radiation pattern at 79 GHz.

This paper presents the design of a 1×16-elements RDRA array for anti-collision radar SRR application at 24 GHz. A single RDRA with high dielectric constant of 41, fed by a simple microstrip line feeding technique, is initially designed to operate around 24 GHz. The RDRA element is further used within an array network structure made up of 16 linear antenna elements to cover the same frequency band. The simulated 1×16 RDRA array can reach a high gain, up to18.6 dB, very high radiation efficiency (97%), and ensure enough directional radiation pattern properties for radar applications with a 3-dB angular beam width of 6°. To validate our design, RDRA array’ radiation pattern computed results are compared to an equivalent fabricated patch antenna array reported in the literature.