The purpose of this study was to examine how athletes’ social-media addiction and sport-burnout levels influence their emotional commitment to their teams. A total of 220 athletes aged 18–25 participated in the research. Data were collected using the Team Commitment Scale, the Social Media Addiction Scale, and the Sport Burnout Inventory. Independent samples t-tests, one-way ANOVA, and LSD post-hoc analyses were conducted. A significant gender difference was found only in the Emotional Gain sub-dimension of team commitment (p0.05). Age group, type of sport, and national-athlete status did not produce significant variations in any variable (p>0.05). Years of sport experience yielded significant differences in total commitment scores (p<0.05), whereas years working with the same coach, number of media platforms used, and daily media time produced significant differences in burnout and social-media addiction (p<0.05). Overall, the findings indicate that although social-media addiction and burnout do not broadly differentiate athletes’ commitment levels, they exert limited yet statistically meaningful effects under specific demographic and behavioral conditions, particularly those related to media engagement and coach athlete dynamics.

Wrestling is a physically and mentally demanding combat sport that requires discipline, focus, and emotional control. Although its physiological effects ar

Background: Age-related declines in respiratory muscle strength and ventilatory efficiency can impair functional capacity and metabolic health in older adults. Inspiratory muscle training (IMT) has been proposed as a practical intervention to counteract these changes, yet its systemic effects remain unclear. This study aimed to examine the effects of short-term IMT on functional capacity, diaphragm thickness, and liver tissue characteristics in healthy elderly men. Methods: Thirty community-dwelling men aged 60–80 years were randomly assigned to an IMT or control group. The IMT group performed four weeks of breathing exercises using a POWERbreathe^® device at 40% of maximal inspiratory pressure, with a weekly 10% increase in pressure. Pre- and post-intervention assessments included the six-minute walk test (6MWT), diaphragm thickness and liver density via computed tomography, and quality of life (QoL; SF-12). Results: Four weeks of inspiratory muscle training significantly improved diaphragm thickness (11.7%), fatty liver density (FLD) (+16.7%), and six-minute walk performance (+5.3%), with large time × group effects favoring the IMT group. While the physical quality of life showed modest, comparable improvements, mental health outcomes demonstrated a moderate, time-dependent improvement without a significant group-by-time interaction. Conclusions: Short-term IMT improved diaphragmatic function and functional capacity in older men and was associated with favorable changes in a liver-related biomarker; however, given that only a single liver-related metric was assessed, these findings should not be interpreted as evidence of overall improvements in liver health.

The aim of this study is to examine the media usage purposes and social media addiction levels of students in Faculties of Sport Sciences. The study was conducted using a quantitative research design based on the descriptive survey model. An online questionnaire was administered to a total of 900 students (486 female, 414 male) enrolled in various Sport Sciences faculties. The data collection tools included a "Personal Information Form", the "Media Usage Purposes Scale" and the "Social Media Addiction Scale". Independent Samples T-Test was used to analyze the data. Group comparisons were made based on variables such as gender, department, year of study, type of social media platform used, and duration of use. According to the findings, there were no statistically significant differences in students' media usage purposes based on gender, class level, or type of social media platform (p>0.05); however, male students in the Recreation department had significantly higher social media addiction scores compared to their female counterparts (p0.05). Although a slight increase in addiction scores was observed with longer social media use, this increase was not statistically significant. When compared with the existing literature, the findings are generally consistent with previous studies and indicate that social media addiction is shaped by individual and contextual factors. In conclusion, media usage among sport sciences students is highly prevalent; however, the level at which this usage turns into addiction appears to be limited. The study aims to provide recommendations that may help students manage their relationship with digital media in a more conscious and controlled manner.

Bünyesinde mücadele, galibiyet, yenilgi gibi rekabete dayalı olguları barındıran sporda, saldırganlık ve öfkenin yaşanılabileceği düşünülmektedir. Dolayısıyla “Defansif ve Ofansif Sporcuların Sporda Saldırganlık ve Öfke Eğilimlerinin Karşılaştırılması” isimli çalışmanın gerçekleştirilmesi önem arz etmektedir. Bu araştırmanın evrenini İzmir ilinde yaşayan lisanslı sporcular oluşturmaktadır. Örneklem grubu ise; 170 defansif stilde spor yapan 170 ofansif tarzda spor yapan, toplamda 340 sporcudan oluşmaktadır. Çalışmada tesadüfi örnekleme yöntemlerinden tabakalı tesadüfi örnekleme uygulanmıştır. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak, Maxwell ve Moores (2007), tarafından geliştirilmiş, Gürbüz ve ark., (2019), tarafından Türkçeye uyarlanmış Sporda Saldırganlık ve Öfke Ölçeği (SSÖÖ) kullanılmıştır. Ayrıca katılımcılara, demografik bilgileri içeren kişisel bilgi formu yöneltilmiştir. Değişkenlerin karşılaştırılmasının yapılması amacıyla Bağımsız Örneklem T-Testine testine başvurulmuştur. Defansif sporcularda öfke alt boyutunda takım ve bireysel sporcular arasında yüksek düzeyde anlamlı fark vardır (p<0,05). Bu anlamlı farkın bireysel spor yapan sporcuların lehine olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Defansif sporcularda saldırganlık alt boyutunda psikoloji içerikli seminerlere katılan ve katılmayan sporcular arasında anlamlı fark vardır (p<0,05). Anlamlı farkın psikoloji içerikli seminerlere katılanların lehine olduğu saptanmıştır. Sigara kullanım durumuna göre öfke alt boyutunda defansif, ofansif sporcularda (yüksek düzeyde), saldırganlık alt boyutunda ise ofansif sporcularda anlamlı fark vardır (p<0,05). Ofansif sporcularda saldırganlık, defansif sporcularda öfke ve ofansif sporcularda öfke alt boyutlarında anlamlı farkın sigara kullanmayan sporcuların lehine olduğu saptanmıştır. Özellikle spor alanında saldırganlık ve öfke eğilimlerinin en aza indirilmesi adına daha fazla bilimsel çalışmaların yapılması, sporcu, antrenör, yönetici gibi spor unsurlarının daha fazla bilinçlendirilmesi önerilmektedir.

Aim: This study examined the impact of weight loss methods on male combat athletes across different disciplines and in the context of pre-competition periods. Method: A total of 321 male athletes participated in the study, and data were collected using the ' Athlete Weight Loss Methods and Effects Scale.' Since the data were not normally distributed according to the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, non-parametric analyses, including the Mann-Whitney U test and the Kruskal-Wallis test, were used. Results: The athletes lost an average of 5.86% (4.43 kg) of their normal body weight prior to competition. Significant differences were found between the competition branches in the sub-dimensions of ergogenic aid, physiological effects, and psychological effects (p