The regulation of pesticide operations still faces numerous challenges and issues. Conflicts of interest and power struggles among the government, pesticide operators, and farmers are crucial factors that impact the effectiveness of regulation. To enhance efficiency and ensure the quality and safety of agricultural products through stakeholder cooperation, this paper presents a dynamic evolution model based on the theory of evolutionary games. The model incorporates the government, pesticide operators, and farmers and evaluates the stability and effectiveness of the stakeholder cooperation mechanism under different circumstances. The research findings indicate the following: The relationships between the government, pesticide-operating enterprises, and farmers are characterized by intricate dynamics of cooperation and competition, coordination and contradiction, reciprocity, and mutual detriment. The stability and effectiveness of the stakeholder cooperation mechanism vary depending on different parameters. Several factors influence the stability of the stakeholder cooperation mechanism, with regulatory supervision from the government, stringent penalties for non-compliant pesticide operations, and strong incentives for farmers’ oversight being the most significant. The stakeholder cooperation mechanism can establish an evolutionary stabilization strategy when these factors reach a certain threshold. This study contributes to understanding the operational mechanisms of stakeholder cooperation in pesticide operation regulation and offers decision support and policy recommendations to relevant stakeholders for advancing the sustainable development and optimization of pesticide operation regulation.

As an environmental policy that directly brings economic benefits to farmers, ecological compensation should achieve the dual goals of ecological environmental protection and rural poverty reduction. With the implementation of various ecological compensation projects, a large number of studies began to focus on the impact of ecological compensation projects on rural labor transfer employment. However, most of the existing studies focus on a specific project and fail to consider a comparative analysis of different types of projects. Therefore, this study used the survey data of 1279 rural laborers in the Yanqing District of Beijing to analyze the impact of different types of ecological compensation projects on the transfer employment of rural labor from the perspective of self-development capacity. The results show that post-based ecological compensation projects provide a low quality of posts and weaken the initiative of participants to further expand their employment channels. Land-based projects downsize agricultural production and reduce the agricultural production activities of participants, without significantly increasing their likelihood of transfer employment. In the long run, the current implementation of ecological compensation projects may cause problems regarding labor surpluses and land restoration. This study has certain practical application value and practical guiding significance for further improving the design of ecological compensation mechanisms.

As agricultural labor shifted toward non-farm sectors and the farming population aged, innovative production arrangements became essential to sustain land productivity. While partial agricultural production chain management (PAPM) was widespread, the productivity impact of whole-process agricultural production chain management (WAPM)—a comprehensive model integrating all production stages—remained empirically underexplored. Using nationally representative panel data from the China Labor-force Dynamics Survey (CLDS, 2014–2018) for grain-producing households, this study estimates the differential impacts of WAPM and PAPM with a two-way fixed-effects (TWFE) model, supplemented by propensity score matching (PSM) as a robustness check. The results show that WAPM significantly enhanced land productivity. Notably, the effect size of WAPM (coefficient: 0.486) is substantially larger than that of PAPM (coefficient: 0.214), indicating that systematic integration of service chains offers superior efficiency gains over fragmented outsourcing. Mechanism analysis suggests that WAPM improves productivity primarily by alleviating labor constraints and mitigating the disadvantages of small-scale farming. Furthermore, heterogeneity analysis demonstrated that these benefits are amplified in major grain-producing regions and hilly areas. These findings support policies that facilitate a transition from single-link outsourcing toward whole-process integrated service provision.

According to the status of agricultural information, this paper analyzed the advantages, opportunities and challenges of developing wisdom agriculture in Chengdu. By analyzed the local characteristics of Chengdu agriculture, the construction program of Chengdu wisdom agriculture was designed, which was based on the existing agricultural informatization. The positioning and development theme of Chengdu agriculture is leisure agriculture, urban agriculture and quality agriculture.