Background: Extracting multiregional radiomic features from multiparametric MRI for predicting pretreatment survival in isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) wild-type glioblastoma (GBM) patients is a promising approach. Methods: MRI data from 49 IDH wild-type glioblastoma patients pre-treatment were utilized. Diffusion and perfusion maps were generated, and tumor subregions segmented. Radiomic features were extracted for each tissue type and map. Feature selection on 1862 radiomic features identified 25 significant features. The Cox proportional-hazards model with LASSO regularization was used to perform survival analysis. Internal and external validation used a 38-patient training cohort and an 11-patient validation cohort. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: Age and six radiomic features (shape and first and second order) from T1W, diffusion, and perfusion maps contributed to the final model. Findings suggest that a small necrotic subregion, inhomogeneous vascularization in the solid non-enhancing subregion, and edema-related tissue damage in the enhancing and edema subregions are linked to poor survival. The model’s C-Index was 0.66 (95% C.I. 0.54–0.80). External validation demonstrated good accuracy (AUC > 0.65) at all time points. Conclusions: Radiomics analysis, utilizing segmented perfusion and diffusion maps, provide predictive indicators of survival in IDH wild-type glioblastoma patients, revealing associations with microstructural and vascular heterogeneity in the tumor.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of disability worldwide. Traumatic axonal injury (TAI) is a subtype of TBI resulting from high-impact forces that cause shearing and/or stretching of the axonal fibers in white matter tracts. It is present in almost half of cases of severe TBI and frequently associated with poor functional outcomes. Axonal injury results from axonotomy due to mechanical forces and the activation of a biochemical cascade that induces the activation of proteases. It occurs at a cellular level; hence, conventional imaging modalities often fail to display TAI lesions. However, the advent of novel imaging modalities, such as functional magnetic resonance imaging and fiber tractography, has significantly improved the detection and characteristics of TAI. Furthermore, the significance of several fluid and structural biomarkers has also been researched, while the contribution of omics in the detection of novel biomarkers is currently under investigation. In the present review, we discuss the role of imaging modalities and potential biomarkers in diagnosing, classifying, and predicting the outcome in patients with TAI.

Glioblastoma is one of the most malignant and lethal forms of primary brain tumors in adults. Linearol, a kaurane diterpene isolated from different medicinal plants, including those of the genus Sideritis, has been found to possess significant anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-microbial properties. In this study, we aimed to determine whether linearol could exhibit anti-glioma effects when given alone or in combination with radiotherapy in two human glioma cell lines, U87 and T98. Cell viability was examined with the Trypan Blue Exclusion assay, cell cycle distribution was tested with flow cytometry, and the synergistic effects of the combination treatment were analyzed with CompuSyn software. Linearol significantly suppressed cell proliferation and blocked cell cycle at the S phase. Furthermore, pretreatment of T98 cells with increasing linearol concentrations before exposure to 2 Gy irradiation decreased cell viability to a higher extent than linearol or radiation treatment alone, whereas in the U87 cells, an antagonistic relationship was observed between radiation and linearol. Moreover, linearol inhibited cell migration in both tested cell lines. Our results demonstrate for the first time that linearol is a promising anti-glioma agent and further studies are needed to fully understand the underlying mechanism of this effect.

Gliomas are a significant health problem with a lot of imaging challenges. The role of imaging is no longer limited to only providing anatomic details, but with the advancement of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) techniques, it now permits the assessment of the freedom of water molecule movement, the microvascular structure, the hemodynamic characteristics, and the chemical makeup of certain metabolites of lesions. These advanced imaging techniques include diffusion-weighted imaging, diffusion tensor imaging, dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI, Magnetic Resonance (MR) perfusion, MR angiography, and magnetic resonance spectroscopy. their role in the diagnosis, classification, and post-treatment follow-up of gliomas, as well as their application in radiogenomics and glioma analysis with the aid of artificial intelligence, is presented and discussed.

Spondyloarthritis (SpA) is a chronic inflammatory disease involving axial (ax-SpA), and peripheral joints (p-SpA). It mainly affects young individuals and symptoms begin before the age of 45 years. Late onset (LO) ax-SpA, presenting after the age of 50, is rare. It is usually underdiagnosed in favor of other disorders, which are very common in this population. A 70-year-old woman presented with fever of unknown origin (FUO), back pain, malaise, weakness and high acute phase reactants, without any other clinical or laboratory findings. After an intensive and extensive investigation, to exclude several diseases and disorders, our patient, despite being old and almost asymptomatic for SpA features was diagnosed as having LO-axSpA. The patient was treated successfully with adalimumab. We discuss the differential diagnosis of FUO in an elderly woman with constitutional symptoms and elevated inflammatory markers. This is the first case of LO-axSpA presenting with FUO, therefore, physicians must be aware of rare manifestations of ax-SpA in the elderly population. Rigorous and extensive investigation is required to reach the correct diagnosis.

Calcinosis cutis is a challenging complication of autoimmune connective tissue diseases, particularly dermatomyositis, and is associated with significant morbidity. Current medical treatments often show limited and inconsistent effectiveness, highlighting the need to better define the role of alternative approaches. To present a case of extensive dermatomyositis-associated calcinosis successfully managed with surgical excision and flap reconstruction, and to systematically review the role of surgical management in autoimmune-related calcinosis. A case report is presented together with a literature review conducted according to PRISMA guidelines. PubMed, Scopus, DOAJ and the Cochrane Library were searched from inception to June 21, 2026 for studies reporting surgical management of calcinosis in autoimmune connective tissue diseases. A total of 13 case reports and 3 case series were identified, including predominantly female patients with a median age of 55.3 years. Surgical intervention was mainly performed in symptomatic cases, such as pain, infection, or functional impairment. Overall, surgery was associated with pain relief and functional improvement, although recurrence and complications, including wound healing issues, were reported. Pharmacological therapies demonstrated variable and generally limited efficacy. Data on reconstructive techniques were scarce; however, available evidence suggests that flap reconstruction and grafting may improve outcomes in complex cases. Surgical management may represent a valuable treatment option for selected patients with calcinosis associated with autoimmune diseases, particularly in refractory or symptomatic cases. Reconstructive techniques may further enhance functional outcomes, although evidence remains limited. An individualized, multidisciplinary approach is recommended, and further studies are needed to establish optimal management strategies. Registration PROSPERO (CRD420261359925).