The current study highlights rapid, sustainable, and cost-effective biosynthesis of silver (Ag), gold (Au) nanoparticles (NPs), and bimetallic Au-AgNPs composites using bio-waste extract of Trapa natans. Growth of the NPs was monitored spectrophotometrically and peak was observed at ∼525 nm, ∼450 nm, and ∼495 nm corresponding to Plasmon absorbance of AuNPs, AgNPs, and Au-AgNPs, respectively. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed the size of AgNPs (∼15 nm), AuNPs (∼25 nm), and Au-AgNPs (∼26–90 nm). Synthesized NPs follow the Gaussian bell curve and its crystalline nature was identified by X-ray diffraction (XRD). Furthermore, Au-AgNPs induced cytotoxicity in various cancer cells (HCT116, MDA-MB-231, and HeLa) effectively at 200 μg/mL. Au-AgNPs-exposed cancer cells exhibited apoptotic features such as nuclear condensation, mitochondrial membrane potential loss, and cleavage of casp-3 and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP). Au-AgNPs exposure enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) and upon inhibition of ROS, apoptosis was reduced effectively. NPs treatment killed HCT116 WT and p53 knockout cells without any significant difference. Mechanistically, Au-AgNPs derived with Trapa peel extract significantly enhance ROS which trigger p53-independent apoptosis in various cancer cells effectively. Our study explores the use of bio-waste for the green synthesis of NPs, which can be attractive candidates for cancer therapy.

In this paper, we present impedance spectroscopy of Sodium Bismuth Titanate-based materials belonging to (1-x) Na _1/2 Bi _1/2 TiO _3-x BaTiO ₃(x = 0.04) (NBT–BT) system. NBT–BT ceramics are prepared by high temperature solid-state reaction method. X-ray diffraction technique showed single-phase polycrystalline sample with an ABO₃ perovskite structure. Dielectric behavior and the impedance relaxation were investigated in a wide range of temperature (room temperature (RT) –500°C) and frequency (1 kHz–1 MHz). A broad dielectric constant peak was observed over a wide temperature range around the phase transition temperature. The complex impedance plot exhibited one impedance semicircle identified over the frequency range of 1 kHz–1 MHz, which is explained by the grain effect of the bulk. The centers of the impedance semicircles lie below the real axis, which indicates that the impedance response is a Cole–Cole type relaxation.

The miniaturization of electrochemical supercapacitors (EC‐SCs) requires electrode materials that are both durable and efficient. Boron‐doped diamond (BDD) films are an ideal choice for EC‐SC due to their durability and exceptional electrochemical performance. In this study, nanostructured boron‐doped ultra‐nanocrystalline diamonds (NBUNCD) are fabricated on Si micro‐pyramids (Si _P ) using a simple reactive ion etching (RIE) process. During the etching process, the high aspect ratio and the induction of sp ² graphite in these nanorod electrodes achieved a maximum specific capacitance of 53.7 mF cm ⁻² at a current density of 2.54 mA cm ⁻² , with a 95.5% retention after 5000 cycles. Additionally, the energy density reached 54.06 µW h cm ⁻² at a power density of 0.25 µW cm ⁻² . A symmetric pouch cell using NBUNCD/Si _P exhibited a specific capacitance of 0.23 mF cm ⁻² at 20 µA cm ⁻² , an energy density of 31.98 µW h cm ⁻² , and a power density of 0.91 µW cm ⁻² . These superior EC properties highlight NBUNCD/Si _P ’s potential for advancing miniaturized supercapacitors with high capacitance retention, cycle stability, and energy density.