Wound coatings in the form of sponge plates were obtained based on hydrogels of cod collagen (CC) copolymers. The synthesis of CC copolymers with pectin was carried out in the presence of a triethylbor–hexamethylenediamine (TEB-HMDA) complex, which forms free radicals under reaction conditions, and with polyethylene glycol (PEG) during photocatalysis in the presence of RbTe_1.5W_0.5O₆ oxide under visible-light irradiation with a LED lamp. Evaluation of their effectiveness and safety for rapid healing of wounds and burn surfaces has been conducted on small animals (rats). It has shown significantly higher efficiency in comparison with commercial collagen sponges based on bovine collagen. Coatings based on cod collagen contributed to the normalization of microcirculation levels according to the results of laser Doppler flowmetry and a high rate of reduction in the area of the scalped burn wound according to planimetry. The morphological studies indicate complete epithelialization with the formation of scar tissue in all studied groups of animals. The dynamics of microcirculation parameters indicate the repair of thermal burns during local treatment with wound-healing coatings against the background of normalization of the functioning of the microcirculatory system. It is advisable to use new collagen-based polymer sponge plates to increase the effectiveness of wound treatment of various origins, shorten recovery time, and optimize the course of typical physiological reactions during the wound process in order to accelerate tissue regeneration, as well as reduce mortality.

The development of new promising materials of three-dimensional structure from available bioresorbable, biointegrable and biocompatible polymers is in demand and relevant in connection with the intensive development of regenerative medicine. In this work, hydrogels of the grafted copolymers of methyl methacrylate/butyl acrylate onto a mixture of collagen and pectin were obtained during photocatalysis in the presence of a complex oxide RbTe_1.5W_0.5O₆. The characteristics of the synthesis products were obtained by gel penetrating chromatography, elemental analysis, electron microscopy, and biological biocidality tests. The collagen content in an amount of less than 40%, the microstructure of the polymer in the form of a fine-mesh, and the biocidity of the sample films were established. The polymer product was identified on the catalyst surface after the separation of the oxide powder from the aqueous dispersion. The main advantage of such materials is the unique combination of properties of their components assembled into a specific structure. The advantages of the obtained material include, among other things, the environmental advantage of the initial components - natural renewable raw materials: collagen was isolated from cod processing waste, pectin from fruit and vegetable processing waste.

Исследование триалкилборана как компонента инициирующей системы с кислородом было проведено на примере привитой полимеризации звеньев сополимеров алкил(мет)акрилат-винилбутиловый эфир на полисахарид пектин. В кипящую смесь водного раствора пектина в винилбутиловом эфире вводили аминный комплекс триэтилбор-гексаметилендиамин, после чего компенсационным методом вводили раствор активного мономера – алкил(мет)акрилата, содержащий метакриловую кислоту для выделения триэтилбора из комплекса. В результате синтеза из смеси, содержащей бутилакрилат, образовались три несмешивающиеся части: органическая, водная и между ними не растворяющаяся ни в одной из фаз «губка». В случае с метилметакрилатом в смеси образовались только две части: органическая и водная. Водорастворимые и органические полимеры сушили в условиях вакуумирования до постоянного веса при Т = 20–25 С. Гравиметрический анализ показал, что «губка» представляет из себя смесь водорастворимых и органических полимеров в соотношении 50:50. Для этого высушенные полимеры были растворены поочередно в воде и винилбутиловом эфире. Из водной фазы синтезов выделены графт-сополимеры пектин-метилметакрилат-винилбутиловый эфир и пектин-бутилакрилат-винилбутиловый эфир соответственно введенному акрилату. В сравнении с исходным пектином молекулярная масса водорастворимой фракции значительно возросла. Сопоставление ИК-спектра графт-сополимера пектин-метилметакрилат-винилбутиловый эфир с ИК-спектрами пектина и ИК-спектром пектин-метилметакрилат свидетельствует о том, что для нового полимерного образца наблюдаются все полосы, характерные для пектина, полиметилметакрилата и поливинилбутилового эфира. Лиофильно высушенные образцы пектина и графт-сополимера пектин-метилметакрилат-винилбутиловый эфир были иссле-дованы с помощью сканирующей электронной микроскопии. Сравнительный анализ пока-зал изменение структуры волокон пектина в результате его сополимеризации с сополиме-ром метилметакрилат-винилбутиловый эфир. Полученные данные являются подтвержде-нием присоединения синтетических полимеров алкил(мет)акрилат-винилбутиловый эфир на основу пектиновой макромолекулы. Новые вещества представляют собой полимерные молекулы, содержащие природные и синтетические фрагменты, обладающие упорядочен-ной структурой. Такие соединения перспективны в качестве основы для ранозаживляю-щих покрытий.

Collagen–pectin–methyl methacrylate copolymers were synthesized in an acetic acid dispersion in the presence of a triethylboron amine complex. The synthesis temperature was found to have little effect on the copolymer composition, while its morphology changed significantly. By using the amine complex in combination with p-quinone during the synthesis of collagen–pectin–methyl methacrylate copolymers, it was possible to vary the copolymer composition, the molecular weight of grafted polymethyl methacrylate, and the resulting morphology depending on the structure of the p-quinone used. Hydrogels based on the synthesized copolymers were formed in the presence of glutaric aldehyde. Their moisture-absorbing properties and stability in buffer solutions make them promising base materials for regenerative medicine. The absence of cytotoxicity and the stimulatory effect of the obtained materials on the growth of human dermal fibroblasts were demonstrated by the MTT assay. The analysis of biocidal activity indicates that collagen–pectin–methyl methacrylate hydrogels have a clear potential as fungusresistant bactericidal materials.

This work investigates the conditions for obtaining 3D matrix films for wound dressings based on a copolymer of cod collagen (CC), pectin, and methyl methacrylate (MMA). The synthesis was carried out under photocatalytic conditions using the RbTe_1.5W_0.5O₆ oxide, with glycerol as a plasticizer. The development was based on CC-PMMA-pectin hydrogels synthesized in an aqueous dispersion via photocatalysis in the presence of the complex oxide RbTe_1.5W_0.5O₆. The hydrogels were characterized by elemental analysis and electron microscopy. By mixing the hydrogel and glycerol in a 5:1 ratio, plasticized films (CC-PMMA-pectin-glycerol films) were obtained. These films were transparent, homogeneous, elastic, and easily removed from the polymer substrate. In order to assess the stability of the obtained films, their physical and mechanical characteristics were investigated. An increase in the initial polymer content in the solution from 5% to 12% led to a simultaneous increase in tensile strength (from 0.6 MPa to 0.9 MPa) and elongation at break (from 61% to 76%). It was shown that these films are resistant to bacterial action, which is of great importance for the practical use of such wound dressings in non-sterile conditions. In vivo wound healing tests on rats showed complete wound closure (area reduced to 0 cm² by day 28). Tests of wound healing in rats using new coverings demonstrated high efficiency, providing a rationale for further clinical trials.