This paper presents the synthesis and characterization of new thiosemicarbazone derivatives with potential applications as antibacterial, antioxidant and anticancer agents. Six thiosemicarbazone derivatives (L–L5) were synthesized by reacting an appropriate thiosemicarbazide derivative with 2-pyridinecarboxaldehyde. The structures of the obtained compounds were confirmed using mass spectrometry, infrared spectroscopy, and NMR spectroscopy. Antibacterial activity was evaluated by using the microdilution method, determining the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against a panel of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Compound L1 showed the most potent antibacterial activity, especially against Bacillus cereus (MIC 10 mg/L). Molecular docking to topoisomerase II and transcriptional regulator PrfA suggests that the studied compounds can effectively bind to molecular targets recognized in anticancer and antibacterial therapies. An assessment of physicochemical properties (ADME) indicates favorable parameters of the compounds as potential drugs. Compounds L and L2 showed the highest antioxidant activity, surpassing the activity of the Trolox standard. Cytotoxicity against A549 lung cancer cells was evaluated by the MTT assay. Compound L4 exhibited the strongest inhibitory effect on cancer cell survival. The obtained results indicate that the synthesized thiosemicarbazide derivatives, especially L1, L2, and L4, are promising compounds with potential applications as antibacterial and anticancer drugs.

Properties of metal solution, environmental conditions and the type of biomaterials (microorganism genus, species or even strain) influence the mechanism of metal biosorption and consequently metal adsorption capacity, affinity and specificity. Cell surface properties determine the metal-microorganism interactions to a large extent. In this work the relationship between yeast surface properties and yeast’s ability to bind cadmium, lead and copper was studied. Surface charge and hydrophobicity before and after biosorption were determined using dye retention and solvent partition assays, respectively. There were differences in the surface charge and relative hydrophobicity among different yeast strains. A higher metal adsorption capacity for more negatively charged yeast cells was observed. Biosorption of heavy metals resulted in modifications to the surface charge and hydrophobicity of yeast cells. However, there were not statistically significant changes in the yeast surface charge and hydrophobicity after binding of heavy metals depending on the nature of the metal, initial metal concentration and solution pH.

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