Corrosion is a major challenge in various industries and can cause significant damage to metal structures. Organic corrosion inhibitors are compounds that are used to reduce or prevent corrosion by forming a protective film on metal surfaces. The present review article focuses on natural and synthetic organic corrosion inhibitors and their classifications, active functional groups, and efficiency estimations. Furthermore, previous studies on the use of natural and synthetic organic inhibitors are discussed, along with adsorption isotherms and mechanisms of organic corrosion inhibitors. The kinetics of corrosion modeling are also discussed, providing insights into the effectiveness of organic inhibitors at reducing corrosion. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the current knowledge on organic corrosion inhibitors, with the aim of promoting their wider use in corrosion protection.

Scandia-stabilized-zirconia is a potential zirconia-based electrolyte for intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cells (IT-SOFCs). In this study, the properties of zirconia co-doped with 10 mol% Sc and 1 mol% Ce (scandia-ceria-stabilized-zirconia, 10Sc1CeSZ) electrolyte synthesized by the microwave-assisted glycine nitrate process (MW-GNP) were determined. The effects of microwave heating on the sintering temperature, microstructure, densification and ionic conductivity of the 10Sc1CeSZ electrolyte were evaluated. The phase identification, microstructure and specific surface area of the prepared powder were investigated using X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy and the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller technique, respectively. Using microwave heating, a single cubic-phase powder was produced with nanosized crystallites (19.2 nm) and a high specific surface area (16 m2/g). It was found that the relative density, porosity and total ionic conductivity of the 10Sc1CeSZ electrolyte are remarkably influenced by the powder processing method and the sintering temperature. The pellet sintered at 1400 °C exhibited a maximum ionic conductivity of 0.184 S/cm at 800 °C. This is the highest conductivity value of a scandia-stabilized-zirconia based electrolyte reported in the literature for this electrolyte type. The corresponding value of the activation energy of electrical conductivity was found to be 0.94 eV in the temperature range of 500–800 °C. Overall, the use of microwave heating has successfully improved the properties of the 10Sc1CeSZ electrolyte for application in an IT-SOFC