Background: Increasing human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination rates is vital for achieving society-wide public health goals, yet current research on HPV vaccine-related knowledge, vaccination intentions, and behaviors among college students in ethnic minority regions is inadequate. This investigation sought to explore the present circumstances of college students in China’s ethnic minority regions concerning their awareness, attitudes, and practices related to the HPV vaccine. This study also aimed to provide a scientific basis for future health education and HPV vaccine promotion in China’s college student population.Methods: Based on health belief theory, 1,388 valid questionnaires were collected online to investigate college students’ knowledge, beliefs, and behaviors related to HPV vaccination and the factors influencing their willingness to be vaccinated. The data were analyzed via SPSS 26.0 for descriptive analysis and Amos 24.0 for structural equation modeling, factor analysis and path analysis.Results: The overall HPV vaccine awareness rate was 77.9%. In terms of health attitudes, the positive intention rate was 50.4%, with females having more positive attitudes than males (OR = 2.242, 95% CI = 1.777–2.829). In terms of health behaviors, the rate of positive behaviors was low (40.0%), and the probability of positive behaviors was significantly lower for students with nonmedical-related majors than for those with medical majors (OR = 0.579, 95% CI = 0.442–0.759). The results of the structural equation modeling analysis revealed that college students’ perceptions of the perceived benefits of the HPV vaccine positively and directly affect their willingness to be vaccinated (β = 0.290, p < 0.001), and perceived severity has an indirect effect on their willingness to be vaccinated (β = 0.198, p < 0.05).Conclusion: Although college students in ethnic minority areas have a high rate of HPV-related knowledge, their willingness to be actively vaccinated and their positive behaviors need to be improved. In addition, enhancing the levels of perceived severity and perceived efficacy among college students can help increase their willingness to receive the HPV vaccine.

Background: With the rapid ageing of the population, injuries are increasingly threatening the health of elderly individuals. A comprehensive evaluation of the injury burden is important for selecting and formulating strategies for injury prevention. Objective: To evaluate the temporal trends of injury burden among elderly Chinese individuals aged 60 years and older. Methods: Based on the results of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019, the injury mortality, morbidity, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) of elderly individuals from 1990 to 2019 were estimated by age and sex. The autoregressive integrated moving average model was used to predict the injury burden in the next decade. Results: In 2019, there were an estimated 304 373 deaths due to injuries in China, accounting for 3.55 % of all deaths. The main cause of injury-related death was unintentional injuries (67.28 deaths per 100 000), followed by transport injuries (30.44 deaths per 100 000). The standardized DALYs rate due to injuries among elderly individuals was 3488.54 DALYs per 100 000. In the past 30 years, the morbidity of injuries among elderly individuals in China has increased by 52.18 %. In 2030, we estimated that there will be 398 200 deaths of elderly individuals due to injury. Conclusions: Over 21% of injury-related deaths among elderly individuals occurred in China. The injury burden among elderly individuals is high, and efforts are needed to inform injury prevention policies and adopt injury prevention strategies to reduce the injury burden and promote the health and well-being of elderly individuals.

Background: During the prevalence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), little was known about the knowledge, attitudes, practices (KAP) about COVID-19 and psychological status of college students in minority areas. This study aimed to evaluate the KAP of college students in minority areas of China toward COVID-19 and to provide a scientific basis for health education and policy formulation.Methods: From October 28th to November 6th, 2021, a cross-sectional study was conducted with 5,272 college students to examine KAP and its effects on mental health.Results: Regarding COVID-19 knowledge, the overall awareness rate was 24.11% (1,271). Regarding health attitudes, most students had positive attitudes about COVID-19 prevention and control (94.95%), and females had higher positive attitudes than males (OR: 1.920; CI: 1.494–2.469). Regarding preventive behaviors, more than half of the students took preventive measures (53.48%), and freshmen had the highest health behavior scores. In terms of psychological status, there were fewer females with depression and stress than males.Conclusion: College students in minority areas have positive health attitudes; however, their knowledge of COVID-19 prevention and control is low. Moreover, their precautionary behaviors are insufficient, and they have many negative emotions.

Background: Varicella burden is closely linked to national socioeconomic development, yet systematic analyses of its non-linear relationship with the Socio-demographic Index (SDI) are lacking. This study aims to elucidate this relationship and inform equitable, context-specific strategies. Methods: Based on data from the Global Burden of Diseases 2021 study, we analyzed global trends (1990–2021) in the incidence, prevalence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) of varicella. Joinpoint regression was used to identify trend transition points, and an autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model was applied to forecast the disease burden through 2035. Analyses were conducted, and countries and territories were stratified into five SDI groups: high (SDI > 0.81), high–middle (0.70–0.81), middle (0.61–0.69), low–middle (0.46–0.60), and low (SDI < 0.46). These approaches aimed to systematically elucidate the socioeconomic gradient of the varicella burden and to specifically investigate its potential non-linear relationship with SDI. Results: From 1990 to 2021, global age-standardized mortality and DALYs declined by −45.71% (95% UI: −48.32% to −42.95%) and −36.15% (95% UI: −39.04% to −33.01%), respectively, while incidence and prevalence rates slightly increased. A significant U-shaped relationship emerged between burden and SDI, with rates highest in low- and high-SDI regions. The rise in high-SDI regions was driven by increasing incidence and prevalence from 1996 to 2015. Projections to 2035 indicate continued global decline but persistent disparities. Conclusions: The varicella burden follows a U-shaped socioeconomic gradient. Rising incidence in high-SDI regions highlights that economic development and routine pediatric vaccination alone are insufficient. Precision strategies tailored to SDI levels—closing adult immunity gaps in high-SDI, sustaining gains in middle-SDI, and expanding vaccine access in low-SDI regions—are essential.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the protective effect of the Changchun Baike varicella vaccine in Yanji City from 2018 to 2024. Methods: Varicella surveillance data from 2018 to 2024 and vaccination records from 2018 to 2020 were collected from the China Disease Prevention and Control Information System and analyzed. Results: In total, 2452 varicella cases were reported in Yanji from 2018 to 2024, with an average annual incidence rate of 62.71 per 100,000 population. Notably, the annual incidence rate decreased from 142.37 per 100,000 in 2018 to 55.25 per 100,000 population in 2024. Additionally, the highest and lowest incidence rates were observed in the 10–14 and ≥40 years age groups, respectively. Moreover, the vaccine demonstrated high protective effectiveness of 98.0–99.0% for one dose and 99.0% for two doses across the study period. These estimates were derived from propensity score-matched cohorts ranging from 686 to 6990 individuals (343 to 3495 matched pairs) across three overlapping observation periods (2018–2022, 2019–2023, and 2020–2024). Conclusions: The two-dose varicella vaccination schedule demonstrated superior protective efficacy compared with the single-dose schedule.

This study aimed to investigate the protective effect of Changchun Baike varicella vaccine in Yanji City from 2018 to 2024. Varicella surveillance data from 2018 to 2024 and vaccination records from 2018 to 2020 were collected from the China Disease Prevention and Control Information System and analyzed. In total, 2,452 varicella cases were reported in Yanji from 2018 to 2024, with an average annual incidence rate of 62.71 per 100,000 population. Notably, the annual incidence rates decreased from 142.37 per 100,000 in 2018 to 55.25 per 100,000 population in 2024. Additionally, the highest and lowest incidence rates were observed in the 10–14 and ≥ 40 years age groups, respectively. Moreover, Changchun Baike varicella vaccine showed protective efficacies of 98.0–99.0% and 99% for the first and second doses, respectively, from 2018 to 2024. Importantly, the two-dose varicella vaccination schedule demonstrated superior protective efficacy compared with the single-dose schedule.