[Purpose] The present study aimed to identify weight-loss and hydration levels before competitions among elite wrestlers and determine the skeletal muscle damage and inflammation levels after dehydration. [Subjects] Seventy-two elite wrestlers who participated in the Turkish Wrestling Championship. [Methods] With the help of specialists, 5 cc of blood were drawn from the forearm veins of the wrestlers. Laboratory analyses of Na(+), BUN, Glucose, CK, LDH, AST, ALT, C-RP levels were performed. Using a mathematical formula for hydration the POsm levels of the athletes were calculated. [Results] The wrestlers were divided into two groups based on hydration status. There were significant correlations between hydration indicators of Na(+), BUN and PBWL values. There were significant differences between AST, LDH, CK values and skeletal muscle damage indicators of the two groups, but there were no significant differences between the inflammation levels and C-RP values of the groups. [Conclusion] No differences existed in inflammation levels among the wrestlers, although dehydrated wrestlers suffered from higher level of skeletal muscle damage than wrestlers who were not dehydrated.

The inactivity, defined as the disease of the century, has reduced the quality of life by making a negative impact on the health of human beings and has led governments to take urgent measures on physical activity and scientists to make multidimensional studies on this issue. For this reason, in this study, it was aimed to examine the relationship between physical activity levels, leisure motivations and life quality of candidate teachers who will be a model in the future to the students. A total of 472 candidate teachers (258 male and 214 female) from Afyon Kocatepe University participated in the study. As a data collection tool, in addition to the "Leisure Motivation Scale" (LMS), developed by Pelletier et al. and adapted to Turkish by Mutlu (1991); “World Health Organization Quality of Life Assesment’’ (WHOQOL-BREF) and "International Physical Activity Evaluation Questionnaire Abbreviated Version’’ (IPAQ-Short Form) were used. In the analysis of the data, in addition to descriptive statistical methods for personal information, correlation and multiple linear regression analyzes were used. According to research findings, it was determined that 38.6% of the candidate teachers had a low level of physical activity and they had a high leisure motivation levels in the identified/introjected subscale. Moreover, the correlation results showed that there was a positive correlation between the quality of life and physical activity level and all sub-dimensions of leisure motivation. According to the results of multiple linear regression analysis, it was determined that the most important variable to predict the quality of life was the level of physical activity.

It is known that different intensity exercises create skeletal muscle damage at different levels. The purpose of the study was to compare effects of bilateral or unilateral lower body resistance exercise on markers of skeletal muscle damage. The Brzycki Formula was used to calculate participants' one repetition maximum strength for each movement and limb, separately. Blood samples were obtained before exercise, immediately after exercise, and 30 min after exercise for both types of exercise. Creatine Kinase (CK), Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH), Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST), and Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) levels were analyzed. Data was analyzed using two-way repeated measures ANOVA. When CK, AST, and ALT levels were compared according to time points, a statistical difference was found (p < 0.05). Furthermore, it was revealed that LDH levels were statistically significant according to exercise types (p < 0.05). Unilateral lower body resistance exercise caused higher skeletal muscle damage than the bilateral lower body resistance exercise. This result suggests that unilateral lower body resistance exercise should be preferred for short preparation period as opposed to bilateral lower body resistance exercise.

BACKGROUND: Weight loss practice before competitions is a common method in weight sports. OBJECTIVE: The current study aimed to monitor Plasma Osmolarity (P Osm ), skeletal muscle damage and inflammation levels induced by pre-competition dehydration

The rules of wrestling competition were changed by United World Wrestling (UWW) before the 2016 Olympic Games. The aim of this study was to develop a wrestling competition analysis form according to the latest wrestling competition rules of UWW for all age categories and styles. We observed and separately analyzed 300 wrestling competitions. Thereafter, we identified the deficiencies, confusions, and defects in the form and made a common decision about variables. Finally, we obtained the revised form. This form provides access to the latest wrestling rules, which will make it easier for researchers working on wrestling competition analysis, as well as helping coaches and managers to record the bouts of their wrestlers in competitions and their opponents. As a result, wrestlers can use this form to decide when, where, and how they applied a technique; from which lateral they applied the technique; and how many points they received. Moreover, the form will help them to obtain permanent results. Thus, the characteristics of wrestlers can be recorded according to the latest wrestling competition rules.

The aim of this study was to investigate the game-related statistics that discriminate between teams according to their league position in the Turkish Basketball League. Data were collected from the official box scores for 16 participated teams during the 2014-2015 regular season of the Turkish Basketball League. Teams were divided into two groups according to their league position; top 8 teams were called the top half teams and other 8 teams were called the bottom half teams. Players who played for less than one-quarter of the season or less than half a game period were omitted from the sample. The final data set obtained from 198 basketball players. The recorded game-related statistics were standardized according to a player’s time on court. Independent samples t-tests were used to compare descriptive results from the game-related statistics. Also, discriminant analysis was applied to discover the statistical team variables that better discriminated between the two types of team. The mean differences between teams that were found to be statistically significant were assists, steals, defensive rebounds, turnovers and offensive rebounds. In the 2014-2015 regular season of Turkish Basketball League assists, steals, defensive rebounds, turnovers and offensive rebounds were the variables that had a major contribution to a team success. As a result, it was found that offensive rebounds, defensive rebounds, assists, steals and turnovers were more important game-related statistics than others. These results suggest that defense is more effective for team success than offense.