This study was performed to determine age-and sex-related differences in lip thickness. Lateral cephalometric images of 220 healthy individuals were taken and the thicknesses of the upper and lower lips were measured. The measurements were performed in three different age groups. Our results indicate that the lower lip thickness, as well as the distance between the most anterior point of contact between the upper and lower lips and the most protruding point of the upper incisor teeth, differed between the two sexes. The lips of males were thicker than those of females. Receiver operating curve analysis was performed to determine the cutoff values to differentiate thickness between males and females. Our results showed that knowledge of upper and lower lips thickness in relation to age and sex may be beneficial to forensic anthropologists, to plastic and reconstructive surgeons, and to orthodontists for more detailed examination, effective treatment, and optimised outcomes.

This study aimed to determine the representation of women on the editorial teams of anatomy journals and to investigate the possible reasons for gender differences. The anatomy journals listed in the Web of Science Master Journal List and on the International Federations of Associations of Anatomy website were evaluated. The number, gender, and academic titles of editors‐in‐chief, associate editors, and editorial board members were recorded, along with the journals' continents, association/society memberships, quartiles, and impact factors. A total of 36 journals were analyzed. Ten out of 49 (20.41%) editors‐in‐chief, 71 out of 347 (20.46%) associate editors, and 285 out of 1065 (26.76%) of the editorial board members were women. The number of women on editorial teams was not related to the continent of the journal, any association/society, or quartile/impact values (p > 0.05). Asian journals had a significantly higher proportion of men associate editors compared to the higher proportion of women associate editors among North American journals (p < 0.05). There were 6 (16.67%) journals that provided information on the gender of the editorial team, 13 (36.11%) that provided academic titles, and 5 (13.89%) that published photographs. Women were rarely represented in all positions on the editorial teams of anatomical journals. The anatomical editorial community has an opportunity to make improvements toward gender equality by considering policies and strategies to overcome gender disparities.

This study aims to determine the prevalence, number, and localization of the parietal foramen in relation to the sagittal suture. Forty skulls (80 parietal bones), whose age and sex were unknown, from the Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Cukurova University, were studied. Morphometric measurements were performed using a digital caliper. The presence of the parietal foramen and its number, localization, and distance from the sagittal suture were evaluated in this study. SPSS v.20 software was used for statistical analysis. In addition to descriptive statistical methods, the Mann–Whitney U-test was used to evaluate the quantitative data. The parietal foramen was not detected in 19 skulls (47.5%) but was observed unilaterally in 10 skulls (25%) and bilaterally in 11 skulls (27.5%). The parietal foramen was detected in 32 parietal bones (40%). Furthermore, it was observed as single in 30 parietal bones (37.5%) and as double in 2 parietal bones (2.5%); however, the triple parietal foramen was not detected. There were no double foramens in the right parietal bone. The foramen was not observed in 48 (60%) of the parietal bones. The mean distance between the parietal foramen and sagittal suture was as 7.42 ± 5.64 mm. No statistically significant differences were detected between the parietal foramina in terms of their distances to the sagittal suture on either the right or left side (P > .05). Knowledge of the localization of the parietal foramen and its relationship with the sagittal suture helps understand the relationship between the dural venous sinuses and scalp veins. Furthermore, an understanding of these variations may aid in the detection of congenital anomalies. We believe that the results of this study will contribute important morphometric data for anatomists and clinicians.

Background: In this study, the purpose was to determine the anatomical localizations of the cervical esophagus length, hiatal clamp, and esophagogastric junction depending on age and gender in patients who undergo Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD). Materials and methods: The images of the patients who underwent EGD between 2018 and 2020 were analyzed retrospectively in this study. The distance of the anatomical localizations of the cervical esophagus length, hiatal clamp, and esophagogastric junction to the anterior incisors, and the relations of this distance with the demographic characteristics and clinical manifestations of the patients were investigated on the esophagogastroduodenoscopy data. Results: A total of 298 patients (174 women/124 men) were included in the study. The cervical esophagus length and the distance of the esophagogastric junction and hiatal clamp localization of the patients were found to be 15.06±0.57 cm, 37.51±2.23 cm and 38.62±2.23 cm, respectively. It was also found that the mean values ​​of all lengths in males were higher at a statistically significant level than in females (p<0.001; p<0.01). Conclusions: Knowing these anatomical localizations may be important in predicting complications that may occur in this region in EGD and planning the precautions to be taken. We also believe that it will guide clinicians in determining hiatal hernia and related deficiencies. Background: In this study, the purpose was to determine the anatomical localizations of the cervical esophagus length, hiatal clamp, and esophagogastric junction depending on age and gender in patients who undergo Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD). Materials and methods: The images of the patients who underwent EGD between 2018 and 2020 were analyzed retrospectively in this study. The distance of the anatomical localizations of the cervical esophagus length, hiatal clamp, and esophagogastric junction to the anterior incisors, and the relations of this distance with the demographic characteristics and clinical manifestations of the patients were investigated on the esophagogastroduodenoscopy data. Results: A total of 298 patients (174 women/124 men) were included in the study. The cervical esophagus length and the distance of the esophagogastric junction and hiatal clamp localization of the patients were found to be 15.06±0.57 cm, 37.51±2.23 cm and 38.62±2.23 cm, respectively. It was also found that the mean values ​​of all lengths in males were higher at a statistically significant level than in females (p<0.001; p<0.01). Conclusions: Knowing these anatomical localizations may be important in predicting complications that may occur in this region in EGD and planning the precautions to be taken. We also believe that it will guide clinicians in determining hiatal hernia and related deficiencies.

Plexus brachialis’in anatomik varyasyonları yaygındır. Bu çalışmada kadavra diseksiyonu sırasında saptanan bir brakiyal pleksus olgusu sunulmaktadır. İstanbul Yeni Yüzyıl Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Anatomi Anabilim Dalı'ndaki rutin diseksiyonlar sırasında 74 yaşındaki kadın kadavrada sol plexus brachialis’in oluşum ve seyrinde bir varyasyon bulundu. Bu olguda C5 ve C6 spinal sinirler kökleri birleşerek truncus superior’u oluşturur. Ancak C7, C8 ve T1 spinal sinir köklerinin, truncus medius ve truncus inferior yerine tek bir ortak gövde oluşturduğu tespit edildi. Bu iki truncus’un ön dalları da birleşerek fasciculus lateralis’i oluşturdu. Aynı ekstremitedeki fasciculus medialis’in ise arteria axillaris’in lateralinde olduğu görüldü. Sağ taraftaki plexus brachialis oluşumunun klasik paternde olduğu tespit edildi. Plexus brachialis’in oluşumu ve dağılımındaki varyasyonların bilinmesi klinik uygulamada yol gösterici ve önemlidir.