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Prof. Hoki Ban
Kangwon National University at Samcheok Department of Civil Engineering

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Research Keywords & Expertise

0 FEM analysis
0 Geotechnical Engineering
0 Pavement Engineering
0 Slope Stability Analysis
0 Tunnel engineering

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Journal article
Published: 06 April 2021 in Applied Sciences
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Numerous factors affect the soil pressure distributions around buried pipes, including the shape, size, and stiffness of the pipe, burial depth, and the stiffness of the surrounding soil. Additionally, to some extent, a pipe can benefit from the soil arching effect, where the overburden and surcharge pressure at the crown can be supported by the adjacent soil. As a result, a buried pipe only needs to support the portion of the load that is not transferred to the adjacent soil. This paper presents numerical investigations of the soil pressure distributions around buried concrete pipes and crack propagation under different environmental conditions, such as loading, saturation level, and the presence of voids. To this end, a nonlinear elastoplastic model for backfill materials was implemented using finite element software and a user-defined subroutine. Three different backfill materials and two different native soils were selected to examine the material-specific behaviors of concrete pipes, including soil pressure distributions and crack propagation. For each backfill material, the effects of the loading type, groundwater, and voids were investigated. These simulation results provide helpful information regarding pressure redistribution and buried concrete pipe behavior under various environmental conditions.

ACS Style

Hoki Ban; Seungjun Roh; Won-Jun Park. Performance Evaluation of Buried Concrete Pipe Considering Soil Pressure and Crack Propagation Using 3D Finite Element Analysis. Applied Sciences 2021, 11, 3292 .

AMA Style

Hoki Ban, Seungjun Roh, Won-Jun Park. Performance Evaluation of Buried Concrete Pipe Considering Soil Pressure and Crack Propagation Using 3D Finite Element Analysis. Applied Sciences. 2021; 11 (7):3292.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hoki Ban; Seungjun Roh; Won-Jun Park. 2021. "Performance Evaluation of Buried Concrete Pipe Considering Soil Pressure and Crack Propagation Using 3D Finite Element Analysis." Applied Sciences 11, no. 7: 3292.

Journal article
Published: 26 October 2020 in Applied Sciences
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This study aims to compare the potential environmental impact of the manufacture and production of recycled and by-product aggregates based on a life cycle assessment and to evaluate the environmental impact and cost when they are used as aggregates in concrete. To this end, the six potential environmental impacts (i.e., abiotic depletion potential, global warming potential, ozone-layer depletion potential, acidification potential, photochemical ozone creation potential, and eutrophication potential) of the manufacture and production of natural sand, natural gravel, recycled aggregate, slag aggregate, bottom ash aggregate, and waste glass aggregate were compared using information from life cycle inventory databases. Additionally, the environmental impacts and cost were evaluated when these aggregates were used to replace 30% of the fine and coarse aggregates in concrete with a design strength of 24 MPa. The environmental impact of concrete that incorporated slag aggregate as the fine aggregates or bottom ash aggregate as the coarse aggregates were lower than that of concrete that incorporated natural aggregate. However, concrete that incorporated bottom ash aggregate as the fine aggregates demonstrated relatively high environmental impacts. Based on these environmental impacts, the environmental cost was found to range from 5.88 to 8.79 USD/m3.

ACS Style

Seungjun Roh; Rakhyun Kim; Won-Jun Park; Hoki Ban. Environmental Evaluation of Concrete Containing Recycled and By-Product Aggregates Based on Life Cycle Assessment. Applied Sciences 2020, 10, 7503 .

AMA Style

Seungjun Roh, Rakhyun Kim, Won-Jun Park, Hoki Ban. Environmental Evaluation of Concrete Containing Recycled and By-Product Aggregates Based on Life Cycle Assessment. Applied Sciences. 2020; 10 (21):7503.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Seungjun Roh; Rakhyun Kim; Won-Jun Park; Hoki Ban. 2020. "Environmental Evaluation of Concrete Containing Recycled and By-Product Aggregates Based on Life Cycle Assessment." Applied Sciences 10, no. 21: 7503.

Journal article
Published: 01 October 2020 in Sustainability
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The purpose of this study was to identify the major wastes generated during the construction phase using a life cycle assessment. To accomplish this, the amount of waste generated in the construction phase was deduced using the loss rate and weight conversions. Major construction wastes were assessed using six comprehensive environmental impact categories, including global warming potential, abiotic depletion potential, acidification potential, eutrophication potential, ozone depletion potential, and photochemical ozone creation potential. According to the analysis results, five main construction wastes—concrete, rebar, cement, polystyrene panel, and concrete block—comprehensively satisfied the 95% cutoff criteria for all six environmental impact categories. The results of the environmental impact characterization assessment revealed that concrete, concrete block, and cement waste accounted for over 70% of the contribution level in all the environmental impact categories except resource depletion. Insulation materials accounted for 1% of the total waste generated but were identified by the environmental impact assessment to have the highest contribution level.

ACS Style

Won-Jun Park; Rakhyun Kim; Seungjun Roh; Hoki Ban. Identifying the Major Construction Wastes in the Building Construction Phase Based on Life Cycle Assessments. Sustainability 2020, 12, 8096 .

AMA Style

Won-Jun Park, Rakhyun Kim, Seungjun Roh, Hoki Ban. Identifying the Major Construction Wastes in the Building Construction Phase Based on Life Cycle Assessments. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (19):8096.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Won-Jun Park; Rakhyun Kim; Seungjun Roh; Hoki Ban. 2020. "Identifying the Major Construction Wastes in the Building Construction Phase Based on Life Cycle Assessments." Sustainability 12, no. 19: 8096.

Journal article
Published: 02 September 2020 in Sustainability
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To address the environmental problems associated with construction materials, the construction industry has made considerable efforts to reduce carbon emissions. However, construction materials cause several other environmental problems in addition to carbon emissions and thus, a comprehensive analysis of environmental impact categories is required. This study aims to determine the major environmental impact categories for each construction material in production stage using the life cycle assessment (LCA) technique on road projects. Through the review of life cycle impact assessment (LCIA) methodologies, the abiotic depletion potential (ADP), ozone depletion potential, photochemical oxidant creation potential, acidification potential, eutrophication potential, eco-toxicity potential, human toxicity potential, as well as the global warming potential (GWP) were defined as impact categories. To define the impact categories for road construction materials, major environmental pollutants were analyzed for a number of road projects, and impact categories for 13 major construction materials were selected as mandatory impact categories. These materials contributed more than 80% to the impact categories from an LCA perspective. The impact categories to which each material contributed more than 99% were proposed as specialization impact categories to provide basic data for use in the LCIA of future road projects.

ACS Style

Won-Jun Park; Rakhyun Kim; Seungjun Roh; Hoki Ban. Analysis of Major Environmental Impact Categories of Road Construction Materials. Sustainability 2020, 12, 6951 .

AMA Style

Won-Jun Park, Rakhyun Kim, Seungjun Roh, Hoki Ban. Analysis of Major Environmental Impact Categories of Road Construction Materials. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (17):6951.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Won-Jun Park; Rakhyun Kim; Seungjun Roh; Hoki Ban. 2020. "Analysis of Major Environmental Impact Categories of Road Construction Materials." Sustainability 12, no. 17: 6951.

Journal article
Published: 30 May 2020 in Materials
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Existing deicing technologies involving chloride and heating wires have limitations such as reduced durability of roads and surrounding structures, and high labor requirements and maintenance costs. Hence, in this study, we performed indoor experiments, numerical analyses, and field tests to examine the efficiency of deicing using carbon nanotubes (CNTs) to overcome these limitations. For indoor experiments, a CNT was inserted into the center of a concrete sample and then heated to 60 °C while maintaining the ambient and internal temperatures of the sample at −10 °C using a refrigeration chamber. Numerical analysis considering thermal conductivity was performed based on the indoor experimental results. Using the calculation results, field tests were conducted, and the thermal conduction performance of the heating element was examined. Results showed that the surface temperature between the heating elements exceeded 0 °C. Moreover, we found that the effective heating distance of the heating elements should be 20–30 cm for effective thermal overlap through the indoor experiments. Additionally, the numerical analysis results indicated that the effective heating distance increased to 100 cm when the heating element temperature and experiment time were increased. Field test results showed that 62 cm-deep snow melted between the heating elements (100 cm), thus, verifying the possibility of deicing.

ACS Style

Hee Su Kim; Hoki Ban; Won-Jun Park. Deicing Concrete Pavements and Roads with Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) as Heating Elements. Materials 2020, 13, 2504 .

AMA Style

Hee Su Kim, Hoki Ban, Won-Jun Park. Deicing Concrete Pavements and Roads with Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) as Heating Elements. Materials. 2020; 13 (11):2504.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hee Su Kim; Hoki Ban; Won-Jun Park. 2020. "Deicing Concrete Pavements and Roads with Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) as Heating Elements." Materials 13, no. 11: 2504.

Journal article
Published: 08 May 2020 in Applied Sciences
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In multi-arch tunnels, the increased rock load on the concrete lining of the main tunnel and side walls due to the excavation of adjacent tunnels is critical and must be considered in the design stage. Therefore, this study estimates the rock load of a multi-arch tunnel using two-dimensional numerical analysis, considering rock mass classifications, overburden, and construction steps. The rock load is estimated using two criteria: the factor of safety and stress variable. The rock load is underestimated when the factor of safety is applied to rock mass class III. However, the stress variable method reveals a reasonable rock load as overburden increases. Particularly, the rock load is estimated to be equal to the overburden in shallow tunnels and approximately 0.7 times the tunnel width in deep tunnels. Additionally, the crack-induced rock load is computed using back analysis at the excavation completion stage of adjacent tunnels, yielding the relation between the rock load height and the deformation modulus of the rock mass. Therefore, an accurate estimation of the rock load of multi-arch tunnels emphasizes the importance of a more economical and realistic design and must be addressed in the process of performance-based tunnel design.

ACS Style

Jae Kook Lee; Hankyu Yoo; Hoki Ban; Won-Jun Park. Estimation of Rock Load of Multi-Arch Tunnel with Cracks Using Stress Variable Method. Applied Sciences 2020, 10, 3285 .

AMA Style

Jae Kook Lee, Hankyu Yoo, Hoki Ban, Won-Jun Park. Estimation of Rock Load of Multi-Arch Tunnel with Cracks Using Stress Variable Method. Applied Sciences. 2020; 10 (9):3285.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jae Kook Lee; Hankyu Yoo; Hoki Ban; Won-Jun Park. 2020. "Estimation of Rock Load of Multi-Arch Tunnel with Cracks Using Stress Variable Method." Applied Sciences 10, no. 9: 3285.

Journal article
Published: 23 March 2020 in Advances in Civil Engineering
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This paper presents the mitigation of rockfall hazard on the large-scale rock slope using the field tests with numerical simulation. To this end, field tests including the pendulum test and real rock falling tests were performed to investigate the rock movements such as rotation, repulsion, and speed. In the simulation, the validation of the developed model followed by calibration processes was made on the field tests. In this study, a simple and new method was proposed to mitigate the rockfall hazard using the so-called sand pool made by ditching and then filling sand where the rock should be stopped or arrested. The results showed that the sand pool method was very effective and economical.

ACS Style

JinAm Yoon; Hoki Ban; Youngcheol Hwang; Duhee Park. Mitigation Method of Rockfall Hazard on Rock Slope Using Large-Scale Field Tests and Numerical Simulations. Advances in Civil Engineering 2020, 2020, 1 -6.

AMA Style

JinAm Yoon, Hoki Ban, Youngcheol Hwang, Duhee Park. Mitigation Method of Rockfall Hazard on Rock Slope Using Large-Scale Field Tests and Numerical Simulations. Advances in Civil Engineering. 2020; 2020 ():1-6.

Chicago/Turabian Style

JinAm Yoon; Hoki Ban; Youngcheol Hwang; Duhee Park. 2020. "Mitigation Method of Rockfall Hazard on Rock Slope Using Large-Scale Field Tests and Numerical Simulations." Advances in Civil Engineering 2020, no. : 1-6.