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Dr. Muhammad Asad ur Rehman Naseer
University of Agriculture Faisalabad Pakistan

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0 Agricultural Economics
0 Agricultural Policy
0 Climate Change
0 Supply Chain
0 Water

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Journal article
Published: 07 April 2020 in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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There are numerous anticipated effects of climate change (CC) on agriculture in the developing and the developed world. Pakistan is among the top ten most prone nations to CC in the world. The objective of this analysis was to quantify the economic impacts of CC on the agricultural production system and to quantify the impacts of suggested adaptation strategies at the farm level. The study was conducted in the Punjab province’s rice-wheat cropping system. For this purpose, climate modeling was carried out by using two representative concentration pathways (RCPs), i.e., RCPs 4.5 and 8.5, and five global circulation models (GCMs). The crop modeling was carried out by using the Agricultural Production Systems Simulator (APSIM) and the Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer (DSSAT) crop simulation models (CSMs), which were tested on the cross-sectional data of 217 farm households collected from the seven strata in the study area. The socio-economic impacts were calculated using the Multidimensional Impact Assessment Tradeoff Analysis Model (TOA-MD). The results revealed that CC’s net economic impact using both RCPs and CSMs was negative. In both CSMs, the poverty status was higher in RCP 8.5 than in RCP 4.5. The adaptation package showed positive results in poverty reduction and improvement in the livelihood conditions of the agricultural households. The adoption rate for DSSAT was about 78%, and for APSIM, it was about 68%. The adaptation benefits observed in DSSAT were higher than in APSIM. The results showed that the suggested adaptations could have a significant impact on the resilience of the atmospheric changes. Therefore, without these adaptation measures, i.e., increase in sowing density, improved cultivars, increase in nitrogen use, and fertigation, there would be negative impacts of CC that would capitalize on livelihood and food security in the study area.

ACS Style

Muhammad Khalid Anser; Tayyaba Hina; Shahzad Hameed; Muhammad Hamid Nasir; Ishfaq Ahmad; Muhammad Asad Ur Rehman Naseer. Modeling Adaptation Strategies against Climate Change Impacts in Integrated Rice-Wheat Agricultural Production System of Pakistan. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, 17, 2522 .

AMA Style

Muhammad Khalid Anser, Tayyaba Hina, Shahzad Hameed, Muhammad Hamid Nasir, Ishfaq Ahmad, Muhammad Asad Ur Rehman Naseer. Modeling Adaptation Strategies against Climate Change Impacts in Integrated Rice-Wheat Agricultural Production System of Pakistan. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17 (7):2522.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Muhammad Khalid Anser; Tayyaba Hina; Shahzad Hameed; Muhammad Hamid Nasir; Ishfaq Ahmad; Muhammad Asad Ur Rehman Naseer. 2020. "Modeling Adaptation Strategies against Climate Change Impacts in Integrated Rice-Wheat Agricultural Production System of Pakistan." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 7: 2522.

Journal article
Published: 12 February 2020 in Water
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The basic objective of the irrigation reforms, i.e., participatory irrigation management in Pakistan, was a better economic and financial management of irrigation service delivery, equity in water distribution, and better environmental outcome. The aim of this study was to assess the optimism with the reforms package that has actually delivered expected outcomes. For this purpose, this study used a cross-sectional dataset of 567 farmers in five selected Area Water Boards (AWBs) of Punjab and Sindh provinces of Pakistan. Important institutional features including compliance, adaptiveness, clarity of objectives, good interaction, and appropriate scale, were modeled through structural equation modeling on the overall performance assessment of water use associations from a farmer’s perspective. Results suggested that clear objectives, adaptiveness, scale, and compliance show a strong relationship with an overall assessment of performance. While good interaction has not impacted significantly with an overall performance assessment. The impact of institutional feature on the overall performance assessment depends on the nature of performance considered, e.g., drivers of the economic performance of a farmer organization may not be the same as the drivers of its environmental performance. Besides offering insights on specific drivers that matter for a particular dimension of the institutional performance of farmer organizations, the study suggests that participatory irrigation management institutions are still in infancy even after decades of their introduction, and just creating institutions is neither mandatory nor sufficient. Furthermore, the institutional designs are considered critical for the success of participatory institutions. Therefore, there is a need to consider the conformity of the strategies with the existing norms and compliance to the on-going procedures.

ACS Style

Bashir Ahmad; Hung Duy Pham; Muhammad Ashfaq; Junaid Alam Memon; Rakhshanda Bano; Zakir Hussain Dahri; Rana Naveed Mustafa; Irfan Ahmad Baig; Muhammad Asad Ur Rehman Naseer. Impact of Institutional Features on the Overall Performance Assessment of Participatory Irrigation Management: Farmers’ Response from Pakistan. Water 2020, 12, 497 .

AMA Style

Bashir Ahmad, Hung Duy Pham, Muhammad Ashfaq, Junaid Alam Memon, Rakhshanda Bano, Zakir Hussain Dahri, Rana Naveed Mustafa, Irfan Ahmad Baig, Muhammad Asad Ur Rehman Naseer. Impact of Institutional Features on the Overall Performance Assessment of Participatory Irrigation Management: Farmers’ Response from Pakistan. Water. 2020; 12 (2):497.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Bashir Ahmad; Hung Duy Pham; Muhammad Ashfaq; Junaid Alam Memon; Rakhshanda Bano; Zakir Hussain Dahri; Rana Naveed Mustafa; Irfan Ahmad Baig; Muhammad Asad Ur Rehman Naseer. 2020. "Impact of Institutional Features on the Overall Performance Assessment of Participatory Irrigation Management: Farmers’ Response from Pakistan." Water 12, no. 2: 497.

Article
Published: 06 November 2019 in Paddy and Water Environment
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Due to rapid population growth, water scarcity and food insecurity have become the major problems for Pakistan. Therefore, the efficient utilization of limited resources such as water is very important in agriculture. Paddy or rice—Pakistan’s second most important cereal and staple crop—is a water-intensive crop. The present study aims to estimate the water use efficiency, profitability, and consumer preferences of different paddy varieties such as basmati, coarse and hybrid rice in Punjab. To this end, we collected field survey data from 330 rice growers in six districts of the rice–wheat zone of Punjab. The results showed that basmati rice is more profitable due to low production cost and higher prices. Although the number of irrigations applied to basmati rice and coarse rice was higher than that of hybrid rice, the amount of water applied to hybrid rice was the highest. Therefore, the total irrigation cost of hybrid rice is higher, while the coarse rice has higher water productivity. Furthermore, the economic productivity of water applied to basmati rice and coarse rice is higher than that of hybrid rice. Consumer preferences based on data from 150 consumers indicate that basmati rice is a favorite of consumers and that hybrid rice is the least popular. These results imply that it is better to grow basmati or coarse rice than hybrid rice due to water shortages in Pakistan. Another approach is to replace these varieties with alternative crops such as corn and soybeans that require less water.

ACS Style

Muhammad Asad Ur Rehman Naseer; Muhammad Ashfaq; Amar Razzaq; Qamar Ali. Comparison of water use efficiency, profitability and consumer preferences of different rice varieties in Punjab, Pakistan. Paddy and Water Environment 2019, 18, 273 -282.

AMA Style

Muhammad Asad Ur Rehman Naseer, Muhammad Ashfaq, Amar Razzaq, Qamar Ali. Comparison of water use efficiency, profitability and consumer preferences of different rice varieties in Punjab, Pakistan. Paddy and Water Environment. 2019; 18 (1):273-282.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Muhammad Asad Ur Rehman Naseer; Muhammad Ashfaq; Amar Razzaq; Qamar Ali. 2019. "Comparison of water use efficiency, profitability and consumer preferences of different rice varieties in Punjab, Pakistan." Paddy and Water Environment 18, no. 1: 273-282.

Journal article
Published: 07 September 2019
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ACS Style

Muhammad Asad Ur Rehman Naseer; Mubashir Mehdi; Muhammad Ashfaq; Sarfraz Hassan; Muhammad Abid. EFFECT OF MARKETING CHANNEL CHOICE ON THE PROFITABILITY OF CITRUS FARMERS: EVIDENCE FORM PUNJAB-PAKISTAN. 2019, 56, 1003 -1011.

AMA Style

Muhammad Asad Ur Rehman Naseer, Mubashir Mehdi, Muhammad Ashfaq, Sarfraz Hassan, Muhammad Abid. EFFECT OF MARKETING CHANNEL CHOICE ON THE PROFITABILITY OF CITRUS FARMERS: EVIDENCE FORM PUNJAB-PAKISTAN. . 2019; 56 (4):1003-1011.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Muhammad Asad Ur Rehman Naseer; Mubashir Mehdi; Muhammad Ashfaq; Sarfraz Hassan; Muhammad Abid. 2019. "EFFECT OF MARKETING CHANNEL CHOICE ON THE PROFITABILITY OF CITRUS FARMERS: EVIDENCE FORM PUNJAB-PAKISTAN." 56, no. 4: 1003-1011.

Journal article
Published: 19 August 2019 in Sustainability
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The livelihood of the people in the Himalayan range of Pakistan is largely dependent on the cultivation of fruits. Apricot and apple are the major fruits of this region, which are marketed throughout the country and also exported to other countries. Due to high perishability and the poor farm-to-market infrastructure in the region, farmers are unable to get maximum returns. This study was conducted keeping in view the importance of the region and the impacts of fruits on the livelihood of the farmhands. Cross-sectional data from 200 respondents were collected through a multistage random sampling technique. Factor analysis was employed to find out the constraint in the apricot production and propensity score matching estimates were employed to see the impact of apricot production on the farming communities in the study area. The results of the factor analysis show the most important group of constraints in the growth of the apricot industry is awareness, which is an internal factor. This is followed by production, policy, and marketing constraints. The least important is processing technology. Furthermore, the results show that apricot production has a significant positive impact on decreasing the poverty level of the household, depicting a great potential for the development of resilient livelihoods.

ACS Style

Rakhshanda Kousar; Muhammad Sohail Amjad Makhdum; Azhar Abbas; Javaria Nasir; Muhammad Asad Ur Rehman Naseer. Issues and Impacts of the Apricot Value Chain on the Upland Farmers in the Himalayan Range of Pakistan. Sustainability 2019, 11, 4482 .

AMA Style

Rakhshanda Kousar, Muhammad Sohail Amjad Makhdum, Azhar Abbas, Javaria Nasir, Muhammad Asad Ur Rehman Naseer. Issues and Impacts of the Apricot Value Chain on the Upland Farmers in the Himalayan Range of Pakistan. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (16):4482.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Rakhshanda Kousar; Muhammad Sohail Amjad Makhdum; Azhar Abbas; Javaria Nasir; Muhammad Asad Ur Rehman Naseer. 2019. "Issues and Impacts of the Apricot Value Chain on the Upland Farmers in the Himalayan Range of Pakistan." Sustainability 11, no. 16: 4482.

Journal article
Published: 03 March 2019 in Sustainability
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Sustainable supply chain management (SSCM) has recently received increasing attention from researchers and the business community. Due to globalization and changing consumption patterns, agri-food industries have undergone a transformation, and the sustainability of agri-food supply chains has also received greater attention. However, the issues of SSCM at the upstream level of the supply chain in agri-food industries have not been adequately empirically studied. This paper aims to list key issues or constraints in the production and marketing through farmers’ group discussions, supplemented by the literature, and empirically identifies key constraints to SSCM of the citrus industry in Pakistan. The paper used cross-sectional data from 300 farmers involved in the production and marketing of citrus in Punjab, Pakistan. Farmers were asked to answer on a Likert scale data about potential constraints identified from the literature and farmers’ group discussions. Kendell’s coefficient of concordance and the mean ranking technique was used to rank and to identify the critical constraints in the production and marketing of citrus. In addition, factor analysis (principal component analysis) was used for the grouping of these constraints. In production constraints, factors, such as fertilizer, pesticide, and seed quality, climate change, high production cost, and agricultural labor performance, are important. These constraints are aligned with some key marketing factors, such as packaging, grading, and storage facilities. The findings convey messages for policymakers to solve these issues and challenges at the upstream level of the SSCM chain in the citrus and related agri-food industries.

ACS Style

Muhammad Naseer; Muhammad Ashfaq; Sarfraz Hassan; Azhar Abbas; Amar Razzaq; Mubashir Mehdi; Anoma Ariyawardana; Mumtaz Anwar. Critical Issues at the Upstream Level in Sustainable Supply Chain Management of Agri-Food Industries: Evidence from Pakistan’s Citrus Industry. Sustainability 2019, 11, 1326 .

AMA Style

Muhammad Naseer, Muhammad Ashfaq, Sarfraz Hassan, Azhar Abbas, Amar Razzaq, Mubashir Mehdi, Anoma Ariyawardana, Mumtaz Anwar. Critical Issues at the Upstream Level in Sustainable Supply Chain Management of Agri-Food Industries: Evidence from Pakistan’s Citrus Industry. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (5):1326.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Muhammad Naseer; Muhammad Ashfaq; Sarfraz Hassan; Azhar Abbas; Amar Razzaq; Mubashir Mehdi; Anoma Ariyawardana; Mumtaz Anwar. 2019. "Critical Issues at the Upstream Level in Sustainable Supply Chain Management of Agri-Food Industries: Evidence from Pakistan’s Citrus Industry." Sustainability 11, no. 5: 1326.

Journal article
Published: 19 February 2019 in Science of The Total Environment
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Pakistani farmers are using groundwater at an increasing rate to supplement their irrigation needs. This practice has led to overexploitation of groundwater in the country, resulting in many negative externalities and increased resource costs. In response to the growing water shortage, the informal groundwater markets in the arid and semi-arid regions of Punjab have gradually emerged. These markets are believed to improve the fair distribution of groundwater and encourage more efficient use of agricultural water. This study aims to investigate these claims through conducting a field survey of 120 farmers that are further divided into three groups i.e. buyers, self-users cum sellers, and self-users (control group). Further, the study employed a Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) approach to estimate the water use efficiency of all three type of groundwater actors. The study findings show that water buyers are mostly small farmers who do not own tube wells, hence buy water from tube well owners (large farmers). The study also found that groundwater markets improve the equity of water access to some extent, as water is transferred from large farmers to small farmers. The results of DEA analysis show water buyers and water sellers are more efficient in using water than the control group, making buyers the most efficient of all groups. Therefore, participation in water markets appears to be improving the WUE of farmers. The results of single bootstrapped truncated regression show that participation in water markets and access to extension services can improve WUE, while off-farm income and the diesel tube wells can reduce WUE in the study area. However, government could play an important role here through introducing groundwater regulations and improving water use efficiency for sustainable and equitable distribution of water among water users.

ACS Style

Amar Razzaq; Ping Qing; Muhammad Asad Ur Rehman Naseer; Muhammad Abid; Mumtaz Anwar; Iqbal Javed. Can the informal groundwater markets improve water use efficiency and equity? Evidence from a semi-arid region of Pakistan. Science of The Total Environment 2019, 666, 849 -857.

AMA Style

Amar Razzaq, Ping Qing, Muhammad Asad Ur Rehman Naseer, Muhammad Abid, Mumtaz Anwar, Iqbal Javed. Can the informal groundwater markets improve water use efficiency and equity? Evidence from a semi-arid region of Pakistan. Science of The Total Environment. 2019; 666 ():849-857.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Amar Razzaq; Ping Qing; Muhammad Asad Ur Rehman Naseer; Muhammad Abid; Mumtaz Anwar; Iqbal Javed. 2019. "Can the informal groundwater markets improve water use efficiency and equity? Evidence from a semi-arid region of Pakistan." Science of The Total Environment 666, no. : 849-857.

Journal article
Published: 04 February 2019 in Journal of Integrative Agriculture
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Farmers in Pakistan continue to produce maize under various types of risks and adopt several strategies to manage those risks. This study is the first attempt to investigate the factors affecting the concurrent adoption of off-farm income diversification and agricultural credit which the farmers use to manage the risk to maize production. We apply bivariate and multinomial probit approaches to the primary data collected from four districts of Punjab Province in Pakistan. The results show that strong correlations exist between the off-farm diversification and agricultural credit which indicates that the use of one risk management strategy leads to another. The findings demonstrate that education, livestock number, maize farming experience, perceptions of biological risks and risk-averse nature of the growers significantly encourage the adoption of diversification as a risk management tool while farm size inversely affects the adoption of diversification. Similarly, in the adoption equation of credit, maize farming experience, farm size, perceptions of price and biological risks and risk attitude of farmers significantly enhance the chances of adopting agricultural credit to manage farm risks. These findings are important for the relevant stakeholders who seek to offer carefully designed risk minimizing options to the maize farmers.

ACS Style

Shoaib Akhtar; Gu-Cheng Li; Adnan Nazir; Amar Razzaq; Raza Ullah; Muhammad Faisal; Muhammad Asad Ur Rehman Naseer; Muhammad Haseeb Raza. Maize production under risk: The simultaneous adoption of off-farm income diversification and agricultural credit to manage risk. Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2019, 18, 460 -470.

AMA Style

Shoaib Akhtar, Gu-Cheng Li, Adnan Nazir, Amar Razzaq, Raza Ullah, Muhammad Faisal, Muhammad Asad Ur Rehman Naseer, Muhammad Haseeb Raza. Maize production under risk: The simultaneous adoption of off-farm income diversification and agricultural credit to manage risk. Journal of Integrative Agriculture. 2019; 18 (2):460-470.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Shoaib Akhtar; Gu-Cheng Li; Adnan Nazir; Amar Razzaq; Raza Ullah; Muhammad Faisal; Muhammad Asad Ur Rehman Naseer; Muhammad Haseeb Raza. 2019. "Maize production under risk: The simultaneous adoption of off-farm income diversification and agricultural credit to manage risk." Journal of Integrative Agriculture 18, no. 2: 460-470.

Research article
Published: 23 December 2018 in Outlook on Agriculture
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Competitiveness is the ability to trade products that meet the requirements of global demand for better price, quality, and quantity. International competition in the agricultural and food industries has been significantly increased due to globalization. Furthermore, labor-intensive countries are losing competitiveness due to lack of local value addition and other development efforts. This study aims to examine the competitiveness of the mandarin industry for the world’s 15 leading mandarin exporters using revealed symmetric comparative advantage (RSCA). An attempt was also made to assess the effect of productivity growth and real effective exchange rate on the competitiveness of the mandarin industry through panel regression analysis. The results showed that RSCA patterns vary between the selected countries and only five countries, that is, Morocco, Spain, Pakistan, Turkey, and Peru have a comparative advantage in mandarin exports while all other countries have a comparative disadvantage. The highest change in the RSCA value was seen for Pakistan which gives a good indication of the status of the country in the development of its mandarin industry. For Pakistan, there is a need to explore the new high-value market to further exploit this comparative advantage and to increase export earnings.

ACS Style

Muhammad Asad Ur Rehman Naseer; Muhammad Ashfaq; Sarfraz Hassan; Sultan Ali Adil; Anoma Ariyawardana. Outlook on the global trade competitiveness of Pakistan’s mandarin industry: An application of revealed symmetric comparative advantage framework. Outlook on Agriculture 2018, 48, 66 -74.

AMA Style

Muhammad Asad Ur Rehman Naseer, Muhammad Ashfaq, Sarfraz Hassan, Sultan Ali Adil, Anoma Ariyawardana. Outlook on the global trade competitiveness of Pakistan’s mandarin industry: An application of revealed symmetric comparative advantage framework. Outlook on Agriculture. 2018; 48 (1):66-74.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Muhammad Asad Ur Rehman Naseer; Muhammad Ashfaq; Sarfraz Hassan; Sultan Ali Adil; Anoma Ariyawardana. 2018. "Outlook on the global trade competitiveness of Pakistan’s mandarin industry: An application of revealed symmetric comparative advantage framework." Outlook on Agriculture 48, no. 1: 66-74.

Journal article
Published: 19 November 2018 in Sustainability
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Urban migration unlocks new employment opportunities for rural dwellers in a productive manner. This study assessed the quality of employment of migrant workers, and its effect on rural households’ welfare. To this end, we used primary data collected from the four major districts of Lahore, Gujranwala, Faisalabad, and Sialkot in Punjab, Pakistan. These data include 504 immigrant and non-immigrant families in rural areas, and 252 migrant workers in urban destinations. We use IV probit and two-step sequential estimation methods for the empirical analysis. The study provides new insights for migration in Pakistan. First, migrant workers are better off in their new urban settings in terms of improved incomes and living conditions, but their social protection status is still poor. Second, the results of the employment quality models show that migration is a successful strategy for rural households to improve the quality of their employment. In addition, the characteristics of migrants and native households affect the relative improvement in the quality of employment and migrants’ conditions. Third, the results of the propensity score matching technique suggest that migration has a positive impact on rural households’ income, and these impacts are more pronounced in large cities. Based on the findings, the study recommends that the government should invest in quality education in rural areas, and ensure that social security schemes are provided for migrant workers in urban areas.

ACS Style

Umar Mukhtar; Zhangbao Zhong; Beihai Tian; Amar Razzaq; Muhammad Asad Ur Rehman Naseer; Tayyaba Hina. Does Rural–Urban Migration Improve Employment Quality and Household Welfare? Evidence from Pakistan. Sustainability 2018, 10, 4281 .

AMA Style

Umar Mukhtar, Zhangbao Zhong, Beihai Tian, Amar Razzaq, Muhammad Asad Ur Rehman Naseer, Tayyaba Hina. Does Rural–Urban Migration Improve Employment Quality and Household Welfare? Evidence from Pakistan. Sustainability. 2018; 10 (11):4281.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Umar Mukhtar; Zhangbao Zhong; Beihai Tian; Amar Razzaq; Muhammad Asad Ur Rehman Naseer; Tayyaba Hina. 2018. "Does Rural–Urban Migration Improve Employment Quality and Household Welfare? Evidence from Pakistan." Sustainability 10, no. 11: 4281.

Journal article
Published: 28 April 2018 in Journal of Social Science Studies
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The rate of urbanization in Pakistan especially in Punjab is quite high. The reason behind this is the high population growth that is about 2.4 percent in the last decade. This causes a burden on the farm size and in rural areas people have no choice except to move in the urban areas for their livelihood. The main objective of this study was to identify the key influential factors that affect the decision to migrate. Study evaluated the impact of economic, social, demographic, natural and climatic factors on the welfare of the migrants and non-migrant’s households. For this purpose, an extensive survey from 504 respondents was carried out in four districts of Punjab, Pakistan. Due to the dichotomous nature of the dependent variable i.e. migrant and non-migrant, logistic regression was employed on the collected data using Stata. Results revealed that unemployment, educational and health facilities, family conflicts, small farm size for agricultural activities, and greater family size are the main influencing factors affecting migration decision from rural to urban areas. This creates the strong implications i.e. putting burden on the urban areas due to the high rate of urbanization. So, it is however recommended to stem down the rate of migration all necessary facilities should be provided in the rural areas and Agro-based must be set up near the rural areas providing employment opportunities for the rural dwellers.

ACS Style

Umar Mukhtar; Zhong Zhangbao; Tian Beihai; Muhammad Asad Ur Rehman Naseer; Amar Razzaq; Tayyaba Hina. Implications of Decreasing Farm Size on Urbanization: A Case Study of Punjab Pakistan. Journal of Social Science Studies 2018, 5, 71 .

AMA Style

Umar Mukhtar, Zhong Zhangbao, Tian Beihai, Muhammad Asad Ur Rehman Naseer, Amar Razzaq, Tayyaba Hina. Implications of Decreasing Farm Size on Urbanization: A Case Study of Punjab Pakistan. Journal of Social Science Studies. 2018; 5 (2):71.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Umar Mukhtar; Zhong Zhangbao; Tian Beihai; Muhammad Asad Ur Rehman Naseer; Amar Razzaq; Tayyaba Hina. 2018. "Implications of Decreasing Farm Size on Urbanization: A Case Study of Punjab Pakistan." Journal of Social Science Studies 5, no. 2: 71.

Journal article
Published: 11 September 2016 in Journal of Agricultural Studies
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The economy of Pakistan is mainly dependent on agriculture which is mainly owned by small farm householders. The rapidly increasing population and stagnant agricultural growth coupled with other economic issues are threatening food security and livelihood of rural population in Pakistan. The main objective of the study was to appraise the change in the agrarian structure in Punjab province and to see the current status and key trends in land holing and distribution. It is done by reviewing of the overtime structural changes in land holdings using inter-census data of 1960-2010 t enabled the present analyses to depict a clear picture of the overtime changes that had come about in the agrarian structure of Punjab. The magnitude of shifts from one period to the other was calculated with the help of Lorenz ratio and Gini coefficient. The study showed disparities in ownership and distribution of land holdings in Punjab. The findings suggested a decrease in inequality in land distribution through effective land reform and distribution. This will help to increase farm income of small-scale and subsistence farming communities to cater for the threatening issues of food insecurity.

ACS Style

Asad Naseer. Current Status and Key Trends in Agricultural Land Holding and Distribution in Punjab, Pakistan: Implications for Food Security. Journal of Agricultural Studies 2016, 4, 14 -27.

AMA Style

Asad Naseer. Current Status and Key Trends in Agricultural Land Holding and Distribution in Punjab, Pakistan: Implications for Food Security. Journal of Agricultural Studies. 2016; 4 (4):14-27.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Asad Naseer. 2016. "Current Status and Key Trends in Agricultural Land Holding and Distribution in Punjab, Pakistan: Implications for Food Security." Journal of Agricultural Studies 4, no. 4: 14-27.