Background and aims: In recent years, Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) has been recognized as a mental health problem. Although research has found that social anxiety, motives, the preference for online social interactions (POSI), and metacognitions about online gaming are independent predictors of IGD, less is known about their relative contribution to IGD. The aim of the current study was to model the relationship between social anxiety, motives, POSI, metacognitions about online gaming, and IGD.Methods: Five hundred and forty three Italian gamers who play more than 7 h a week (mean age = 23.9 years; SD = 6.15 years; 82.5% males) were included in the study. The pattern of relationships specified by the theoretical model was examined through path analysis.Results: Results showed that social anxiety was directly associated with four motives (escape, coping, fantasy, and recreation), POSI, and positive and negative metacognitions about online gaming, and IGD. The Sobel test showed that negative metacognitions about online gaming played the strongest mediating role in the relationship between social anxiety and IGD followed by escape, POSI, and positive metacognitions. The model accounted for 54% of the variance for IGD.Discussion and conclusions: Overall, our findings show that, along with motives and POSI, metacognitions about online gaming may play an important role in the association between social anxiety and IGD. The clinical and preventive implications of these findings are discussed.

Background. One of the most common forms of gender-based violence is street harassment, which takes place in public and is usually perpetrated by people who are strangers to the victim. Its diffusion may be a result of its widespread tolerance, and victims often do not protest, denounce, or talk about it with others. Objectives. The aim of the present study is to examine social sharing of street harassment episodes between exposure and its mediating effects on negative psychological consequences and behavioral changes for the harassed person. Methods. Respondents to an online questionnaire (N = 530, 435 F, 8 nonbinary) were asked whether or not they had talked to anyone about their harassment experiences, who they had talked to if they had, and the reasons for not doing so if they had not. Results. The results show that one third of our respondents do not report to anyone because the episode was not considered serious, the victim felt ashamed or embarrassed, or believed that nothing would be done; however, this downsizing is associated with increased negative consequences. The relationships between exposure and negative psychological consequences and behavioral changes are partially mediated by the decision not to talk about it. A smaller but still significant mediation shows that the direct relationship between exposure and subsequent behavioral changes is attenuated by talking, while no negative psychological consequences from talking on are observed. Conclusions. The implications of these findings suggest that sharing about experiences of harassment can mitigate its negative effects on victims’ quality of life, and people should be encouraged to share and formally report the episodes.

Hydrogeological monitoring platforms increasingly translate evolving rainfall, soil, slope and river processes into sensor-derived territorial signals, measurements, maps, indicators, thresholds, forecasts and notifications. Yet technical accuracy and availability do not explain how these outputs become meaningful for situated users and support protective orientation. This conceptual article uses an integrative theory-synthesis and model-building approach to connect disaster risk communication, protective action, mental models, sensemaking, distributed cognition and enactive cognition. It introduces situated sense, the contextualization of represented risk in relation to place, time, source, uncertainty, vulnerability and possible action; and operational knowledge, the resulting epistemic orientation through which users and communities can understand what a representation refers to, why it matters, how it may evolve and which responses become relevant. Operational knowledge emphasizes how risk representations become grounded in lived territory, source provenance and practical possibilities, extending beyond the decision relevance of actionable information and the representational focus of situation awareness and common operational pictures. A recursive model links hydrogeological processes, sensor-derived territorial signals, measurements and data, risk information, situated sense, operational knowledge and possible action. The R.I.S.E. project provides a real-world design context to illustrate how sensors, models, platform representations, institutional sources and users form a distributed epistemic infrastructure. The framework yields six design and evaluation dimensions: spatial anchoring, temporal intelligibility, source traceability, uncertainty legibility, action orientation, feedback and participation.

Digital risk communication increasingly relies on interactive technologies to transform complex, uncertain, and probabilistic information into forms that can support human understanding and decision-making. Yet the literature is fragmented across application domains, technologies, and interaction paradigms. This scoping review maps how digital and interactive technologies are used to communicate, represent, visualize, or enable users to experience risk, with particular attention to the relationships among risk type, representation, interface, interaction, target users, and outcomes. Eligible sources described a human-facing digital or interactive risk communication solution, and study characteristics were charted using an eight-dimension taxonomy. Searches of Scopus, Web of Science Core Collection, and PubMed identified 457 records. After removing 119 duplicates, 338 unique records were screened; 258 were retained for eligibility assessment. The final synthesis included 199 studies after the removal of one retracted source, with 57 records excluded during eligibility adjudication and one report not retrieved. Data visualization was the most frequent interface family (n = 122), followed by VR/AR/XR and web/mobile interfaces (both n = 46). Healthcare/public health (n = 87) and natural hazards/disaster (n = 67) dominated the corpus, while interactive exploration was the most common interaction mode (n = 82). The synthesis shows that technology alone does not explain digital risk communication: effectiveness depends on how risk is represented, how users interact with the interface, who the users are, and which outcomes are targeted. A human-centred framework—Risk → Representation → Interface → Interaction → User → Outcome—is proposed to support the analysis, design, and iterative evaluation of future risk communication interfaces.