Diabetes mellitus is a major global health concern associated with severe metabolic and cardiovascular complications. This study evaluated the antidiabetic and antioxidant activities of Oxalis corniculata L. aerial parts, with a focus on α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibition, using a combination of in vitro assays and in silico analyses. Among the tested fractions, the ethyl acetate fraction exhibited the strongest inhibitory activity against both enzymes, with IC₅₀ values of 0.097 and 0.015 mg/mL for α-glucosidase and α-amylase, respectively, surpassing those of the reference drug, acarbose. This fraction also demonstrated potent antioxidant activity, with IC₅₀ values of 0.025 and 0.020 mg/mL in DPPH and ABTS assays, respectively. To elucidate the underlying mechanisms beyond digestive enzyme inhibition, bioactive constituents were screened and evaluated using network pharmacology, molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulations, and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Molecular docking and dynamic simulations confirmed stable and energetically favorable interactions with α-glucosidase and α-amylase. Network pharmacology analysis revealed that the antidiabetic effects of O. corniculata involve modulation of insulin resistance-related pathways, particularly PI3K/Akt signaling, GLUT4 translocation, and inflammation-associated targets, alongside regulation of oxidative stress through redox-related enzymes. Complementary DFT analysis provided molecular-level insights into the antioxidant mechanisms, highlighting favorable electronic properties that support efficient radical scavenging. Overall, this integrated experimental–computational study provided valuable evidence of O. corniculata aerial parts as a promising multi-target phytotherapeutic candidate for diabetes management, extending its therapeutic relevance beyond α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibition.

Shrimp farming is a popular occupation in coastal provinces of Vietnam, contributing an important part to the income of people in these areas as well as creating a large output for export to foreign countries. Farmed shrimp are likely to face many risks due to disease and the stunted growth. For easy solving those problems shrimp farmers may use a lot of antibiotics, leading to antibiotic residues accumulating in the shrimp and creating antibiotic resistance in the surrounding organisms and environment. The report focuses on analyzing of a potential reason that affected the yield of shrimp farming, in which a fast-growing lichen species is suspected. Using shotgun metagenomics combined with bioinformatics analysis, this study analyzed microbial compositions of lichen samples collected from shrimp farms in the Northern and Southern region of Vietnam with a symptom of stunted growth (M01 and NM1E2, respectively). The results showed that NM1E2 had a significant high amount of potential pathogenic bacteria, including Vibrio, Shewanella, and Tenacibaculum, which could associate with biofilm formation and disease outbreaks in shrimp; the fungal sequence analysis revealed the higher abundance of opportunistic and toxin-producing genera such as Botrytis, Candida, and Fusarium in NM1E2, while M01 hosted cyanobacteria and decomposer bacteria which indicating a relatively more stable but organic-rich environment; The presence of Encephalitozoon (Microsporidia) in both samples suggests a persistent risk of latent infection; and finally, NM1E2 may act as reservoirs for pathogenic microorganisms, highlighting the importance of controlling biofilm growth and regularly monitoring microbial communities. Targeted environmental management and improved biosecurity measures are recommended to mitigate disease risks and enhance shrimp farm sustainability.

Ha Giang oranges are a local agricultural product that famous for their fresh, juicy taste and rich nutrition. Due to the natural characteristics of the fruit, the natural preservation time is not long and depend on the season which makes them difficult to promote, to use in long term as well as to transport them over long distances. In this study, fresh oranges were developed into a syrup with the aim of preserving their flavor and color for a longer time. Beside that the syrup products will help to solve the problem of short preservation time of fresh oranges and making them more convenient to use. The experimental development process was continuously adjusted to prioritize the preservation of color and aroma from fresh oranges. The final syrup samples were tested for their physicochemical and microbiological properties, showing that the syrup retained the nutrients of fresh oranges including reducing sugars, ascorbic acid and antioxidant properties. The total microbial count of the sample after 2 months of opening the bottle was 1011 CFU/mL, however, the dominant strain was Lactobacillus plantarum by molecular identification. Sensory evaluation on a 5-point scale with 2 gingerorange samples was performed with 10 trained people and received positive feedback, including the preservation of orange juice color and fresh aroma. In addition, the preservation methods for fresh oranges to increase the shelf life and maintain the quality of raw materials were also tested.

Farmed shrimp, especially in aquaculture ponds in mainland, faced many risks due to disease and the stunted growth in Vietnam. For easy solving those problems shrimp farmers could use a lot of antibiotics, leading to antibiotic residues accumulating in the shrimp and creating antibiotic resistance in the surrounding organisms and environment. This report focused on analyzing of a fast-growing lichen-like species collected from shrimp farms in the Northern (M01) and Southern (NM1E2) region of Vietnam with a same symptom of stunted growth, respectively. Using shotgun metagenomics and bioinformatics analysis, microorganism community of lichen-like samples were identified. The results showed that Pseudomonas , Halomonas , Aeromonas , Vibrio , Shewanella , and Moraxella were the main bacterial genera contribute to the samples and haft of them (Vibrio, Shewanella, and Moraxella) could be potential pathogenic bacteria. The fungal analysis showed that both samples were colonized with Fusarium oxysporum and Fusarium graminearum , the fungus associated with plant diseases but increasingly implicated in infectious diseases in aquatic animals. The prevalence of other opportunistic fungi such as Aspergillus fumigatus also suggested that they could play a larger role in deteriorating shrimp health than originally thought. Our results are preliminary evaluation for the potential influence of the lichen-like organism in shrimp farm. The results suggest targeted environmental management and improved biosecurity measures to mitigate disease risks and enhance shrimp farm sustainability.