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Jatropha germplasm accessions need an assessment of their traits to evaluate the nature and magnitude of the genetic variability among accessions. The objective of this research was to evaluate the phenotypic behavior of 130 Jatropha curcas L. (Jatropha) accessions and the genetic variability of selected Jatropha accessions. The selected variables were assessed between 2008-2014 based on the number of fruits per tree (FP), the number of seeds per fruit (SpF), weight of 100 dry seeds (100SW), seed length (SL), seed width (SW), smallest deviation standard as regular seed production (RP), highest deviation standard as irregular seed production (IP), seed oil content (Oil), seed production in g per tree (SP). Correspondence Analysis techniques were also applied in selected elite Jatropha accessions. The genotypic and phenotypic correlation coefficient between seed length, seed width, 100-seed weight and oil content for selected Jatropha accessions were applied. Variance, genotypic and phenotypic coefficients of variation, heritability (broad-sense) and genetic advance were calculated for several Jatropha phenotypic characteristics. CP041, CP052, CP037, CP054, CP060, CP122, CP118, CP120, CP121 INIAP Jatropha accessions were selected basically for SP and FP. A high statistically significant correlation (genotypic and phenotypic) between seed length – seed width was obtained from the chosen Jatropha accessions. Genetic association in the characteristics of growth and production highlighted the low phenotypic diversity in the Jatropha Portoviejo Research Station (EEP) of the National Institute for Agricultural and Cattle Ranching Research (INIAP) germplasm bank. There is an urgent need to improve the germplasm resource by obtaining new accessions, mainly from countries considered as centers of origin of the species.
Álvaro Cañadas-López; Diana Rade-Loor; Carlos Molina-Hidrovo. In situ assessment of Jatropha curcas germplasm under tropical dry forest conditions in Manabí-Ecuador. Revista Facultad Nacional de Agronomía Medellín 2020, 73, 9273 -9281.
AMA StyleÁlvaro Cañadas-López, Diana Rade-Loor, Carlos Molina-Hidrovo. In situ assessment of Jatropha curcas germplasm under tropical dry forest conditions in Manabí-Ecuador. Revista Facultad Nacional de Agronomía Medellín. 2020; 73 (3):9273-9281.
Chicago/Turabian StyleÁlvaro Cañadas-López; Diana Rade-Loor; Carlos Molina-Hidrovo. 2020. "In situ assessment of Jatropha curcas germplasm under tropical dry forest conditions in Manabí-Ecuador." Revista Facultad Nacional de Agronomía Medellín 73, no. 3: 9273-9281.
Jatropha seed is a biomass suitable for bioenergy production that can be produced by smallholders, even on marginal lands. However, the current oilseed production is too low to meet the needs of the planned renewable electricity system in the Galapagos Islands. Pruning and fertilization are management options that can be used to increase the dry seed yields. The effects of both treatments were tested in a split-plot design with jatropha trees, which were monitored during a three-year production period. The average seed production was 643±58 kg ha-1 year-1 in the unpruned trees and 696±50 kg ha-1 year-1 in the pruned trees. Although this difference is small, it is expected to increase over time. The pruned trees developed more slowly than the unpruned trees but showed higher (and still increasing) yields at the end of the three-year test period, while the unpruned trees appeared to have reached their maximum production by the second year of the trial. The low fertilizer doses approved by the smallholders did not have a significant impact on the dry seed yield, and the management options that show benefits in the long term are generally not accepted or adopted by them. Cost-effective nutrient enhancement should be investigated, such as inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi.
Álvaro Cañadas-López; Diana Rade-Loor; Marianna Siegmund-Schultze; Jesús Vargas-Hernández; Christian Wehenkel. Pruning and fertilization effects on Jatropha yields under smallholder’s conditions in a Tropical Dry Forest from Ecuador. Revista Facultad Nacional de Agronomía Medellín 2020, 73, 9089 -9097.
AMA StyleÁlvaro Cañadas-López, Diana Rade-Loor, Marianna Siegmund-Schultze, Jesús Vargas-Hernández, Christian Wehenkel. Pruning and fertilization effects on Jatropha yields under smallholder’s conditions in a Tropical Dry Forest from Ecuador. Revista Facultad Nacional de Agronomía Medellín. 2020; 73 (1):9089-9097.
Chicago/Turabian StyleÁlvaro Cañadas-López; Diana Rade-Loor; Marianna Siegmund-Schultze; Jesús Vargas-Hernández; Christian Wehenkel. 2020. "Pruning and fertilization effects on Jatropha yields under smallholder’s conditions in a Tropical Dry Forest from Ecuador." Revista Facultad Nacional de Agronomía Medellín 73, no. 1: 9089-9097.
Jatropha is promoted as a pro-poor bioenergy plant, while basic information about its productivity, age of maximum production, and oil content are missing. This study aims to determine the seed yield (dry weight) for three INIAP elite jatropha accessions, and to evaluate the changes in physical and chemical seed traits at the different fruit ripening stage in a split-plot design. Maximum seed production occurred four years after planting for the accessions CP041 and CP052, while for accession CP054, it occurred after the first year. CP041 was the most productive, with a mean of 316.46 g tree−1 year−1 (±76.50) over the 8-year study period. No significant differences in oil content were found among accessions, fruit ripening stage, and their respective interactions. Seed moisture content decreased drastically as the fruit ripening stage increased, from 40.5% ± 1.0% at fruit ripening stage 1 (greenish-yellow) down to 13.8% ± 0.4% at fruit ripening stage 4 (black-brown). No significant differences in seed weight were found among accessions, but it decreased as maturation progressed. Yellow fruits (stage 2) were the heaviest (62.4 g ± 1.5 g) and the black-brown fruits the lightest (44.3 g ± 1.9 g). The oil content (%) increased with seed weight up to the point of 58.3 g, but then decreased for heavier seeds.
Álvaro Cañadas-López; Diana Yasbhet Rade-Loor; Marianna Siegmund-Schultze; Marys Beatriz Iriarte Vera; Juan Manuel Domínguez-Andrade; Jesús Vargas-Hernández; Christian Wehenkel. Productivity and Oil Content in Relation to Jatropha Fruit Ripening under Tropical Dry-Forest Conditions. Forests 2018, 9, 611 .
AMA StyleÁlvaro Cañadas-López, Diana Yasbhet Rade-Loor, Marianna Siegmund-Schultze, Marys Beatriz Iriarte Vera, Juan Manuel Domínguez-Andrade, Jesús Vargas-Hernández, Christian Wehenkel. Productivity and Oil Content in Relation to Jatropha Fruit Ripening under Tropical Dry-Forest Conditions. Forests. 2018; 9 (10):611.
Chicago/Turabian StyleÁlvaro Cañadas-López; Diana Yasbhet Rade-Loor; Marianna Siegmund-Schultze; Marys Beatriz Iriarte Vera; Juan Manuel Domínguez-Andrade; Jesús Vargas-Hernández; Christian Wehenkel. 2018. "Productivity and Oil Content in Relation to Jatropha Fruit Ripening under Tropical Dry-Forest Conditions." Forests 9, no. 10: 611.
Teak plantations cover a total area of about 4.35 million ha worldwide. The species is currently being planted in silvopastoral systems in the coastal lowlands of Ecuador. However, there are no growth and yield models for teak grown in silvopastoral systems, especially as living fences, in this region. The aim of the present study was to develop volume and yield models for teak grown as living fences in silvopastoral systems. For teak planted as living fences, the biological rotation age was estimated to vary between 15 and 26 years. The final yield in the silvopastoral system varied from 49 m3 ha−1 at 26 years in the least productive sites to 225 m3 ha−1 at 15 years in the most productive sites in the study area. The mean annual yield for the highest quality site was 15.3 m3 ha−1 year−1 at age 15 years, for a density of 160 trees ha−1. For a base age of 10 years, height-based site indexes of nine to 23 m were established. The growth and yield model obtained may be useful to define the biological (optimal) rotation age and estimate the productivity of teak living fences in the coastal lowlands of Ecuador.
Álvaro Cañadas-L; Joffre Andrade-Candell; Juan Manuel Domínguez-A; Carlos Molina-H; Odilón Schnabel-D; J. Jesús Vargas-Hernández; Christian Wehenkel. Growth and Yield Models for Teak Planted as Living Fences in Coastal Ecuador. Forests 2018, 9, 55 .
AMA StyleÁlvaro Cañadas-L, Joffre Andrade-Candell, Juan Manuel Domínguez-A, Carlos Molina-H, Odilón Schnabel-D, J. Jesús Vargas-Hernández, Christian Wehenkel. Growth and Yield Models for Teak Planted as Living Fences in Coastal Ecuador. Forests. 2018; 9 (2):55.
Chicago/Turabian StyleÁlvaro Cañadas-L; Joffre Andrade-Candell; Juan Manuel Domínguez-A; Carlos Molina-H; Odilón Schnabel-D; J. Jesús Vargas-Hernández; Christian Wehenkel. 2018. "Growth and Yield Models for Teak Planted as Living Fences in Coastal Ecuador." Forests 9, no. 2: 55.
Objetivo. Evaluar la viabilidad económica y financiera de los sistemas silvopastoriles tradicionales para la producción de Biocombustibles como aporte a la sostenibilidad del proyecto “Piñón para Galápagos”. Materiales y Métodos. Se llevaron a cabo encuestas a 450 pequeños productores ganaderos de 10 cantones de la provincia de Manabí con la finalidad de colectar información agronómica, manejo, costos implicados en establecimiento y producción de los sistemas silvopastoriles vigentes de Piñón (Jatropha curcas L.)/Saboya (Megathyrsus maximus). Para recopilar datos de producción del Piñón establecido en cercas vivas de Piñón INIAP CP041 e igualmente se registró la producción de sistemas en 10 sitios, desde el año 2009. Con estos datos se calcularon los siguientes indicadores financieros radio beneficio/costo (B/C), valor actual neto (VAN), tasa interna de retorno (TIR) y valor de expectativa de la tierra (VET). Resultados. El estudio mostró una disminución de la producción del Piñón con el transcurso del tiempo. El sistema silvopastoril mejorado con Piñón INIAP CP041 mostró B/C 1.07, VAN de USD$ 404.11, VET USD$ 970.23 y TIR de 18%. Seguido del sistema silvopastoril con Piñón local con un B/C 1.06, VAN de USD$ 363.66, VET USD$ 873.10 y TIR de 17% y finalmente sistema silvopastoril sin cosecha del Piñón con un B/C 1.05, VAN de USD$ 285.72, VET USD$ 685.99 y TIR de 15%. Conclusiones. La alternativa de producción de biocombustibles con sistemas silvopastoriles Piñón (INIAP CP041)/Saboya en Manabí es el sistema de mayor rentabilidad y no competiría por superficies de cultivo para la producción de alimentos, sin afectar a la seguridad alimentaria.
Diana Yasbhet Rade L; Alvaro Cañadas; Carlos Zambrano; Carlos Molina; Alexandra Ormaza; Christian Wehenkel. Viabilidad económica y financiera de sistemas silvopastoriles con Jatropha curcas L. en Manabí, Ecuador. Revista MVZ Córdoba 2017, 22, 6241 -6255.
AMA StyleDiana Yasbhet Rade L, Alvaro Cañadas, Carlos Zambrano, Carlos Molina, Alexandra Ormaza, Christian Wehenkel. Viabilidad económica y financiera de sistemas silvopastoriles con Jatropha curcas L. en Manabí, Ecuador. Revista MVZ Córdoba. 2017; 22 (3):6241-6255.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDiana Yasbhet Rade L; Alvaro Cañadas; Carlos Zambrano; Carlos Molina; Alexandra Ormaza; Christian Wehenkel. 2017. "Viabilidad económica y financiera de sistemas silvopastoriles con Jatropha curcas L. en Manabí, Ecuador." Revista MVZ Córdoba 22, no. 3: 6241-6255.