Objectives: Acute peritonitis remains a critical condition with high mortality rates, further complicated by the rising antibiotic resistance. This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic potential of Chlorella vulgaris (CHL), both alone and in combination with standard antibiotic therapy (SFT), in a rat model of cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced peritonitis. Methods: Seventy (70) male Wistar albino rats were divided into seven groups (n = 10): Control, Peritonitis Control, Low-dose CHL (CHL I) (150 mg/kg), High-dose CHL (CHL II) (300 mg/kg), the standard first-line therapy group (SFT) (Ceftriaxone + Metronidazole), SFT + CHL I, and SFT + CHL II. Following CLP-induced peritonitis, treatments were administered for 7 days. Peritoneal tissues were evaluated histopathologically and immunohistochemically for TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-10, and iNOS expression. Total Antioxidant Status (TAS) and Total Oxidant Stress (TOS) were measured to assess the oxidative stress. Results: Histopathological analysis showed that CLP-induced severe inflammatory damage was significantly reduced in all treatment groups, with the most prominent recovery observed in the SFT + CHL II group. CHL treatment led to a significant decrease in pro-inflammatory markers (TNF-α, IL-1β, iNOS) compared to the peritonitis control group (PC) (p < 0.05). Furthermore, CHL administration significantly improved the oxidative balance by increasing TAS and reducing TOS levels. Conclusions: Chlorella vulgaris exhibits significant anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory properties in experimental peritonitis. When used as an adjunct to standard antibiotic therapy, high-dose CHL provides synergistic effects that contribute to limiting tissue damage and controlling systemic inflammation. These findings suggest that CHL may be a promising supportive agent in the clinical management of acute peritonitis.

Objective: We aim to present the outcomes of the Laser Hemorrhoidoplasty (LHP) procedure performed in our clinic. Methods: In this retrospective study, we analyzed the outcomes of LHP performed on 112 patients in our clinic over a 24-month period. Patients were scheduled for follow-up visits at three weeks post-surgery, followed by subsequent follow-ups at three and six-month intervals. Results: Of the 112 patients, 73 (65.17%) were male, and 39 (34.82%) were female. The mean age was 52.6 years (range: 20-65). The mean operation duration was 18.3 minutes (range: 12-25). Seventy patients were classified as grade 2, while 42 patients were classified as grade 3. The mean hospital stay was 1.16 days. While 5 of 70 patients with Grade 2 hemorrhoids could not be followed up after surgery, 24 were followed for 6 months and 41 for 1 year. One (1.42%) patient who attended the 1-year follow-up showed recurrence. Four patients (9.52%) showed recurrence. One patient with grade 3 hemorrhoids experienced postoperative bleeding lasting one week, requiring erythrocyte suspension transfusion. Another patient with grade 3 hemorrhoids developed a hematoma, which resolved with conservative treatment. Eight patients (7.14%) with grade 3 hemorrhoids developed postoperative edema, all of whom improved with conservative treatment. Pain, evaluated by the Visual Analog Scale, was measured as 2.03 on the first postoperative day and 1.49 on the second postoperative day. Conclusion: LH treatment has been found to be a successful alternative treatment option for Grade 2 and Grade 3 diseases. It is emphasized that patient selection is crucial in LH treatment.