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Covid-19 pandemic has created crises among some Malaysians. The crises have both opportunity and threat impacts. Without proper intervention, some people will develop stress, anxiety, and depression. This study aims to explore the emotional anxiety that exists in the society due to Covid-19 pandemic and the roles of social media and counselling support in reducing anxiety among Malaysians. This quantitative research involved online survey throughout the country. The online survey is administered during the First Phase and the Second Phase of Movement Control Order (MCO). The survey contains 13 items which cover three domain: i) anxiety, ii) roles of social media, and iii) roles of counselling support in reducing anxiety among members of the society. There were 8375 respondents from various age groups, locations, as well as economic and educational statuses involved in the study. Data were analysed using descriptive and inferential analysis. Majority of 7233 (86.6%) respondents felt anxious due to Covid-19 pandemic. A total of 7871 respondents (94%) followed the latest updates on Covid-19 to reduce their anxiety. They used social media such as Facebook, Instagram and Twitter to gather information and follow the updates through television and press conference. A total of 5251 respondents (62.7%) were aware of the counselling support provided during the MCO, and 4603 respondents (55%) felt comfortable to have counselling support by phone. The findings will contribute to knowledge on the society's emotional anxiety in facing Covid-19. It reflects the actual situation happened in Malaysia during Covid-19 and MCO.
Nor Shafrin Ahmad; Zulkifli Hussain; Harris Shah Abd Hamid; Ahmad Zamri Khairani. Roles of social media and counselling support in reducing anxiety among Malaysian during Covid-19 pandemic. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction 2021, 63, 102456 .
AMA StyleNor Shafrin Ahmad, Zulkifli Hussain, Harris Shah Abd Hamid, Ahmad Zamri Khairani. Roles of social media and counselling support in reducing anxiety among Malaysian during Covid-19 pandemic. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction. 2021; 63 ():102456.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNor Shafrin Ahmad; Zulkifli Hussain; Harris Shah Abd Hamid; Ahmad Zamri Khairani. 2021. "Roles of social media and counselling support in reducing anxiety among Malaysian during Covid-19 pandemic." International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction 63, no. : 102456.
The Intrapreneurial Self-Capital Scale (ISCS) is a 28-item measure intended to measure individual resources used to manage career and life challenges. The Intrapreneurial Self-Capital (ISC) is a higher order construct composed of seven specific constructs: core self-evaluation, hardiness, resilience, creative self-efficacy, decisiveness, goal mastery, and vigilance. In the new research area of the psychology of sustainability and sustainable development, ISC constitutes a promising core of resources to face the challenges of the 21st century. The aim of the current study was to determine the factor structure and psychometric properties (i.e., reliability and concurrent validity) of a Malaysian version of ISCS among university students. The self-report questionnaire was administered to 1491 university students in Sabah, Malaysia. Confirmatory factor analyses were performed to assess the latent structure of the Malaysian ISCS. The final indices of Goodness of Fit showed satisfactory fit to the data. The Cronbach’s alpha of the Malaysian ISCS is 0.81. The Malaysian ISCS correlates with Career Adaptability r = 0.31 (p < 0.01) and with Life Project Reflexivity r = 0.44 (p < 0.01), thus showing an adequate concurrent validity evidence. The Malaysian ISCS provides a promising research area in psychology (both positive and sustainability). Malaysian parents, teachers and counselors can also use this tool for their development and intervention efforts.
Chua Bee Seok; Harris Shah Abd Hamid; Rosnah Ismail. Psychometric Properties of the Intrapreneurial Self-Capital Scale in Malaysian University Students. Sustainability 2019, 11, 881 .
AMA StyleChua Bee Seok, Harris Shah Abd Hamid, Rosnah Ismail. Psychometric Properties of the Intrapreneurial Self-Capital Scale in Malaysian University Students. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (3):881.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChua Bee Seok; Harris Shah Abd Hamid; Rosnah Ismail. 2019. "Psychometric Properties of the Intrapreneurial Self-Capital Scale in Malaysian University Students." Sustainability 11, no. 3: 881.
Health Ministry statistics showed mental health problems among Malaysian students increased from one in ten individuals in year 2011 to one in five in 2016. Anxiety and depression were cited as the main causes of mental health problems among students in Malaysia. However, an anxiety measure that has been validated for use with Malaysian students is still lacking. Thus, the main objective of the current study is to examine the psychometric proprieties of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (Form Y) (STAI), and to assess the suitability of the factorial model in the context of Malaysia. The STAI contains separate scales for measuring state and trait anxiety. A Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was conducted to test and to compare the two-factor model (State Anxiety and Trait Anxiety) and the four-factor model (State Anxiety Present, State Anxiety Absent, Trait Anxiety Present, and Trait Anxiety Absent) of STAI. In addition, the reliability and validity of the model were also tested. The sample consisted of 341 university students from one of the universities in Kota Kinabalu, Sabah. The results supported a better fit to the data for the four-factor model of STAI. To improve composite reliability and the average variance extracted (AVE) of the constructs, one item was removed from each of the State Anxiety Present factor, Trait Anxiety present factor, and Trait Anxiety Absent factor. Convergent validity for the four-factor model was also improved by the removal of the three items. The findings also suggested that the STAI may have some discriminant validity issues. In the framework of psychology of sustainability and sustainable development, research and intervention regarding this topic should also be enhanced from a primary prevention perspective to improve the quality of life of every human being, fostering wellbeing at all different levels, from individuals to organizations.
Chua Bee Seok; Harris Shah Abd Hamid; Jasmine Adela Mutang; Rosnah Ismail. Psychometric Properties of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (Form Y) among Malaysian University Students. Sustainability 2018, 10, 3311 .
AMA StyleChua Bee Seok, Harris Shah Abd Hamid, Jasmine Adela Mutang, Rosnah Ismail. Psychometric Properties of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (Form Y) among Malaysian University Students. Sustainability. 2018; 10 (9):3311.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChua Bee Seok; Harris Shah Abd Hamid; Jasmine Adela Mutang; Rosnah Ismail. 2018. "Psychometric Properties of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (Form Y) among Malaysian University Students." Sustainability 10, no. 9: 3311.