This study aimed to describe Traumatic Dental Injuries (TDI) in a child population, with a discussion focused on the impact of non-clinical variables on TDI. A cross-sectional, descriptive, and relational study about TDI in deciduous dentition in a children’s hospital was performed. A total of 166 patients were included, of which 51.8% were male and 48.2% were female. Subluxation was the most observed injury (37.5%), and high-severity lesions predominated (60.2%). Regarding non-clinical variables, 89.2% of the patients attended urgent care centers within 24 h, and 43.4% within the first 3 h. Pointed objects were the leading cause of TDI (47%). Most TDIs were concentrated between the ages of 2 and 4 (53.5%). Concerning the place of TDI occurrence, the school (41.6%) was associated with faster urgent dental care attendance, and the home (37.3%) was associated with TDI occurrence in children under 2 years of age. Previous TDI experience (24.1% of patients) did not generate differences in the time interval between the TDI and arrival at the hospital, compared with children without a TDI history. While the behavior of clinical variables agrees with the literature reviewed, several non-clinical variables show wide differences. There is a need to identify the non-clinical variables that can significantly interact with phenomena specific to the study population (social, demographic, and cultural). The study of these variables can be useful in applying health policies. In the group studied, the non-clinical data reveals the need to educate parents or guardians on the importance of timely care in TDI, the long-term consequences of traumatism affecting deciduous dentition, and the implication of the maturation of the child’s motor skills in TDI.

Background and Objectives: Traumatic dentoalveolar injuries (TDI) in children often require urgent stabilization using splints. Titanium trauma splints (TTS) represent a practical option; however, pediatric evidence from hospital-based emergency settings remains limited. This study describes the clinical and contextual characteristics of children treated with TTS and explores factors associated with early complications and splint stability. Materials and Methods: A retrospective observational cohort study was conducted at a Pediatric Dentistry Service, including children with TDI managed with TTS and followed for a minimum of three months. Clinical records were reviewed to collect demographic, contextual, and clinical variables. Early complications and the need for re-splinting were recorded, and associations between selected variables and outcomes were analyzed. Results: Seventy-three patients (64.4% male; mean age 10.29 ± 2.99 years) and 127 traumatized teeth (98.4% permanent) were included. A predominance of school-based injuries was observed (52.1%). The most frequent injury types were subluxation (39.1%), avulsion (26.6%), and extrusion (16.4%). A longer interval between trauma and splint placement was associated with inflammatory root resorption (p = 0.011), although this finding should be interpreted with caution given the limited number of events. Mixed-dentition splints showed a higher likelihood of requiring re-splinting (OR = 12.23; 95% CI: 1.18–126.60); however, this estimate was imprecise and should be interpreted as an exploratory signal. Overall, 90.4% of patients completed treatment with a single splint. Conclusions: Within the limitations of this retrospective observational cohort, TTS showed satisfactory short-term clinical stability in pediatric traumatic dental injuries. Longer time between trauma and splint placement was associated with inflammatory root resorption, while mixed-dentition splints emerged as a potential signal of increased re-splinting. These findings are exploratory and hypothesis-generating and require confirmation in future studies.

Introduction: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a heterogeneous, multifactorial developmental disorder that begins early in life and evolves throughout the lives of affected individuals. The main characteristics of ASD are deficits in communication and social interaction, restrictive interests, and repetitive, sensory, and motor behaviors that generally require lifelong support. In patients with ASD, comorbidities are very common, including periodontal disease, allergies, gastrointestinal diseases, dysbiosis, and alterations of the oral and intestinal microbiome. Objective: To describe the characteristics of the oral microbiome in patients with ASD aged 6 to 18 years through a narrative review. Materials and Methods: An electronic search was conducted in the following databases: Pubmed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar. The search was carried out from January 2024 to July 2024. Results: After analyzing the publications that met the proposed objectives, three articles were selected for data extraction and interpretation. Conclusion: Alterations in the oral microbiome of patients with ASD can be found. Consequently, understanding the functioning of the gut-brain axis as a complex system that can express how the state of the gut might affect cognitive development, and vice versa, is necessary. Understanding this axis offers new horizons for creating alternative strategies in the diagnosis and treatment of ASD.

Introduction: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a heterogeneous and multifactorial neurodevelopmental disorder that appears early and develops throughout the life of the patient. The main characteristics of ASD include a lack of communication and social interaction, limited interests, and repetitive sensory and motor behaviors, often resulting in lifelong dependency. Comorbidities such as periodontitis, allergies, gastrointestinal disorders, dysbiosis, and altered oral and intestinal microbiota are common in these individuals. Objective: To identify the characteristics of the salivary microbiome in subjects with ASD aged 6 to 18 years and neurotypical subjects through a narrative literature review. Materials and Methods: A search was conducted in the following databases: PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane, and Google Scholar published between 2009 and 2024. Results:four articles were selected for analysis and data extraction. Conclusion: There is a relationship between the composition and characteristics of the salivary microbiome and the etiopathogenesis and manifestation of inflammatory, neurodegenerative, and neurodevelopmental disorders, including Autism Spectrum Disorder in the pediatric population.