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Dr. Cristina Baglivo
Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy

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0 Passivhaus
0 CFD
0 geothermal energy
0 ZERO ENERGY BUILDING
0 Technical and economic analysis for the energy efficiency of buildings

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ZERO ENERGY BUILDING
Technical and economic analysis for the energy efficiency of buildings

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Journal article
Published: 02 August 2021 in Journal of Building Engineering
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Around the world, expected climate changes can affect indoor comfort conditions in buildings. Analysing the climate in which buildings are located is the first step towards high-efficiency design, and today it is no longer possible to ignore impending climate change. This study has provided a worldwide picture of how comfort conditions inside a building can change as external climatic conditions change. For the first time, a building is tested worldwide over a long-term period, and not just in a specific climate or a small group of climates. Several cities homogeneously distributed around the world were selected, covering all climates of the Köppen-Geiger classification. A hypothetical building was implemented with the Termolog Epix 11 software in order to monitor the operative temperature (TOP) in free-floating mode on an hourly basis and test its temperature variations in the short, medium and long term. The percentage values of the hours when the TOP is in a comfort or discomfort conditions were compared for all configurations. The results showed that the comfort conditions vary with the climate. Climate zone A displayed for most subclimates high TOP values. Climate zone B showed an irregular trend, from 2020 to 2080 the hours when TOPs fall below 20 °C decreased in most locations. Climate zone C included areas where TOPs are mostly in the comfort range. Some sub-climates in zone D show very cold climates, with an average of about 15–20% of the annual hours in the comfort zone in 2020, then increasing slightly by a few percentage points in 2080.

ACS Style

Paolo Maria Congedo; Cristina Baglivo; Aslıhan Kurnuc Seyhan; Raffaele Marchetti. Worldwide dynamic predictive analysis of building performance under long-term climate change conditions. Journal of Building Engineering 2021, 42, 103057 .

AMA Style

Paolo Maria Congedo, Cristina Baglivo, Aslıhan Kurnuc Seyhan, Raffaele Marchetti. Worldwide dynamic predictive analysis of building performance under long-term climate change conditions. Journal of Building Engineering. 2021; 42 ():103057.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Paolo Maria Congedo; Cristina Baglivo; Aslıhan Kurnuc Seyhan; Raffaele Marchetti. 2021. "Worldwide dynamic predictive analysis of building performance under long-term climate change conditions." Journal of Building Engineering 42, no. : 103057.

Journal article
Published: 26 July 2021 in Energies
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This work proposes a new device for air treatment with dehumidification and water recovery/storage, with possible mitigation of indoor environmental conditions. The system is based on Peltier cells coupled with a horizontal earth-to-air heat exchanger, it is proposed as an easy-to-implement alternative to the heat pumps and air handling units currently used on the market, in terms of cost, ease of installation, and maintenance. The process provides the water collection from the cooling of warm-humid air through a process that leads to condensation and water vapor separation. The airflow generated by a fan splits into two dual flows that lap the two surfaces of the Peltier cells, one flow laps the cold surfaces undergoing sensible, latent cooling with dehumidification; the other flow laps the hot surfaces and heats up. The airflow undergoes thermal pre-treatment through the underground horizontal geothermal pipe that precedes the Peltier cells. In the water storage tank, which also works as a mixing chamber, the two air streams are mixed to regulate the outlet temperature. The system can be stand-alone if equipped with a photovoltaic panel and a micro wind turbine, able to be used in places where electricity is absent. The system, with different configurations, is modeled in the African city Kigali, in Rwanda.

ACS Style

Paolo Congedo; Cristina Baglivo; Giulia Negro. A New Device Hypothesis for Water Extraction from Air and Basic Air Condition System in Developing Countries. Energies 2021, 14, 4507 .

AMA Style

Paolo Congedo, Cristina Baglivo, Giulia Negro. A New Device Hypothesis for Water Extraction from Air and Basic Air Condition System in Developing Countries. Energies. 2021; 14 (15):4507.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Paolo Congedo; Cristina Baglivo; Giulia Negro. 2021. "A New Device Hypothesis for Water Extraction from Air and Basic Air Condition System in Developing Countries." Energies 14, no. 15: 4507.

Journal article
Published: 20 July 2021 in Applied Sciences
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Ensuring optimum interior lighting is a topic of great importance, as this influences not only the well-being of users but also the optimal performance of visual tasks. Lighting can be natural, but if not sufficient, it can be compensated with artificial lighting. This study highlights a methodology for designing a new lighting system that takes into account both technical and economic aspects. The method was applied to an existing school located in southern Italy, in which the electricity consumption is related to the current lighting system. The school is chosen as being representative of the construction type and layout of many local schools. In addition, the coexistence of several visual tasks with different design requisites (e.g., illuminance levels) makes the school a very complex environment. The school lighting is modelled in Google SketchUp and imported into Daysim to simulate the yearly and hourly daylight indoor contribution. Dialux Evo has been used to simulate and design artificial lighting. The results show a reduction of energy consumption of 33% with the simple replacement of fluorescent luminaires with LEDs, while the LED lamp dimming and modulation for rows of luminaires leads to a 95% reduction in energy consumption compared with the current state.

ACS Style

Cristina Baglivo; Marina Bonomolo; Paolo Congedo; Marco Beccali; Simona Antonaci. Technical-Economic Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Measures Applied to the Artificial Lighting System of a School. Applied Sciences 2021, 11, 6664 .

AMA Style

Cristina Baglivo, Marina Bonomolo, Paolo Congedo, Marco Beccali, Simona Antonaci. Technical-Economic Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Measures Applied to the Artificial Lighting System of a School. Applied Sciences. 2021; 11 (14):6664.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Cristina Baglivo; Marina Bonomolo; Paolo Congedo; Marco Beccali; Simona Antonaci. 2021. "Technical-Economic Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Measures Applied to the Artificial Lighting System of a School." Applied Sciences 11, no. 14: 6664.

Journal article
Published: 07 June 2021 in Construction and Building Materials
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Rising damp is considered one of the most widespread and damaging deterioration processes in buildings, architectural and cultural heritage. A widespread lack of knowledge of this phenomenon has often led to inadequate corrective measures with the consequent accelerated masonry deterioration. This work focuses on the dynamic evaluation of rising damp in two typical and widely used building stones in Southern Italy (Salento peninsula): Lecce Stone and Carparo. Under controlled and monitored microclimatic conditions, an experimental campaign has been carried out in laboratory, starting from two dry monolithic blocks. The blocks were periodically wetted, weighed and the height of rising damp measured in the tested materials. At the end of the campaign, the rising damp behaviour has been derived using the well-known mathematical model of Christopher Hall and William D. Hoff. Finally, the theoretical model was adapted to the case study, modifying the model constants based on the collected experimental data. The results were analysed, and the study showed a good agreement between the numerical and experimental data in both tested materials.

ACS Style

Paolo Maria Congedo; Cristina Baglivo; Delia D'Agostino; Giovanni Quarta; Pasquale Di Gloria. Rising damp in building stones: Numerical and experimental comparison in lecce stone and carparo under controlled microclimatic conditions. Construction and Building Materials 2021, 296, 123713 .

AMA Style

Paolo Maria Congedo, Cristina Baglivo, Delia D'Agostino, Giovanni Quarta, Pasquale Di Gloria. Rising damp in building stones: Numerical and experimental comparison in lecce stone and carparo under controlled microclimatic conditions. Construction and Building Materials. 2021; 296 ():123713.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Paolo Maria Congedo; Cristina Baglivo; Delia D'Agostino; Giovanni Quarta; Pasquale Di Gloria. 2021. "Rising damp in building stones: Numerical and experimental comparison in lecce stone and carparo under controlled microclimatic conditions." Construction and Building Materials 296, no. : 123713.

Journal article
Published: 03 June 2021 in Sustainability
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This paper addresses the effects of long-term climate change on retrofit actions on a school building located in a Mediterranean climate. Dynamic energy simulations were performed using Termolog EpiX 11, first with conventional climate data and then with future year climate data exported from the CCWorldWeatherGen computational software. To date, many incentive actions are promoted for school renovations, but are these measures effective in preventing the discomfort that will be found due to overheating generated by climate change? Today, one of the main objectives in retrofit measures is the achievement of ZEB (Zero Energy Building) performance. Achieving this target requires first and foremost a high-performance envelope. This study evaluates the impact of retrofit strategies mostly applied to the school building envelope, over the years, considering three different time horizons, until 2080. Thermal performance indices and indoor operative temperature under free-floating were evaluated. The results highlight that, with a changing climate, it is no longer possible to assume a constant static condition to evaluate retrofit actions, but it is necessary to develop a predictive mathematical model that considers the design variability for future years. There is an urgent necessity to ensure both the safety and comfort of buildings while also anticipating future variations in climate.

ACS Style

Cristina Baglivo. Dynamic Evaluation of the Effects of Climate Change on the Energy Renovation of a School in a Mediterranean Climate. Sustainability 2021, 13, 6375 .

AMA Style

Cristina Baglivo. Dynamic Evaluation of the Effects of Climate Change on the Energy Renovation of a School in a Mediterranean Climate. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (11):6375.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Cristina Baglivo. 2021. "Dynamic Evaluation of the Effects of Climate Change on the Energy Renovation of a School in a Mediterranean Climate." Sustainability 13, no. 11: 6375.

Journal article
Published: 10 April 2021 in Sustainable Cities and Society
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The analysis of urban districts involves many critical issues and different design constraints related to the urban context. The characteristics of district area are based on climatic properties, geometrical design, type and number of buildings, places of construction, distances, shading patterns. This work proposes a tool able to integrate heterogeneous data coming from different users on different spatial and territorial scales, to implement efficient management of energy flows in the district. The proposed protocol is an extension of the Apulia ITACA – Building Protocol to the assessment of urban areas. It permits to evaluate any type of district, without limitation of extension and with any number of buildings. The objectivity of the evaluation using indicators applied to various thematic areas including site quality, resource consumption, environmental loads, indoor environmental quality, and quality of services is granted. It is based on a global scoring system, using the weighting on the usable surface of the buildings present in the selected urban area. The protocol permits to display the interactions between each variable within the district, evaluating the benefits in terms of costs of the targeted interventions. This work is split into two parts: Part I: the model and Part II: the case study.

ACS Style

Paolo Maria Congedo; Cristina Baglivo. Implementation hypothesis of the Apulia ITACA Protocol at district level – part I: The model. Sustainable Cities and Society 2021, 70, 102931 .

AMA Style

Paolo Maria Congedo, Cristina Baglivo. Implementation hypothesis of the Apulia ITACA Protocol at district level – part I: The model. Sustainable Cities and Society. 2021; 70 ():102931.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Paolo Maria Congedo; Cristina Baglivo. 2021. "Implementation hypothesis of the Apulia ITACA Protocol at district level – part I: The model." Sustainable Cities and Society 70, no. : 102931.

Journal article
Published: 10 April 2021 in Sustainable Cities and Society
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Nowadays, the goal of national and international policies is to define strategies to achieve Zero Energy Districts (ZEDs). The transition from ZEBs to ZEDs entails an increase in complexity and one of the main challenges is the definition of criteria for assessing the district sustainability performances. Part I of this paper presents a new methodology for assessing all aspects related to the sustainability of a district. The new Apulia ITACA - District Protocol is the extension to the district level of the existing and widely used Italian Apulia ITACA –Building Protocol. The proposed Protocol permits the assessment of any type of district, with no extension limitations. Part II shows an application of the Protocol for the evaluation of the current state of a small district of Lecce, a city in the south-east of Italy with a Mediterranean climate. The district falls in a peripheral social housing area and is composed of two residential buildings and a school. Several strategies have been proposed to improve the overall score of the district, showing both an ideal and realistic renovation. The high flexibility of the protocol in the direct identification of the weaknesses and strengths of the district was demonstrated.

ACS Style

Paolo Maria Congedo; Cristina Baglivo; Angelica Maria Toscano. IMPLEMENTATION HYPOTHESIS OF THE APULIA ITACA PROTOCOL AT DISTRICT LEVEL – PART II: THE CASE STUDY. Sustainable Cities and Society 2021, 70, 102927 .

AMA Style

Paolo Maria Congedo, Cristina Baglivo, Angelica Maria Toscano. IMPLEMENTATION HYPOTHESIS OF THE APULIA ITACA PROTOCOL AT DISTRICT LEVEL – PART II: THE CASE STUDY. Sustainable Cities and Society. 2021; 70 ():102927.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Paolo Maria Congedo; Cristina Baglivo; Angelica Maria Toscano. 2021. "IMPLEMENTATION HYPOTHESIS OF THE APULIA ITACA PROTOCOL AT DISTRICT LEVEL – PART II: THE CASE STUDY." Sustainable Cities and Society 70, no. : 102927.

Journal article
Published: 09 February 2021 in Energies
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This paper proposes a critical review of the different aspects concerning magnetic refrigeration systems, and performs a detailed analysis of thermodynamic cycles, using mathematical models found in the literature. Langevin’s statistical mechanical theory faithfully describes the physical operation of a refrigeration machine working according to a magnetic Ericsson cycle. Results of mathematical and real experimental models are compared to deduce which best describes the Ericsson cycle. The theoretical data are not perfectly consistent with the experimental data; there is a maximum deviation of about 30%. Numerical and experimental data confirm that very high Coefficient of Performance (COP) values of more than 20 can be achieved. The analysis of the Brayton cycle consisted of finding the mathematical model that considers the irreversibility of these machines. Starting from the thermodynamic properties of magnetocaloric materials based on statistical mechanics, the efficiency of an irreversible Brayton regenerative magnetic refrigeration cycle is studied. Considering the irreversibility in adiabatic transformations, the lower limit of the optimal ratio of two magnetic fields is determined, obtaining a valid optimization criterion for these machines operating according to a Brayton cycle. The results show that the Ericsson cycle achieves a higher Coefficient of Performance than the Brayton cycle, which has a higher cooling capacity as it operates with a larger temperature difference between the magnetocaloric material and source.

ACS Style

Cristina Baglivo; Paolo Congedo; Pasquale Donno. Analysis of Thermodynamic Cycles of Heat Pumps and Magnetic Refrigerators Using Mathematical Models. Energies 2021, 14, 909 .

AMA Style

Cristina Baglivo, Paolo Congedo, Pasquale Donno. Analysis of Thermodynamic Cycles of Heat Pumps and Magnetic Refrigerators Using Mathematical Models. Energies. 2021; 14 (4):909.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Cristina Baglivo; Paolo Congedo; Pasquale Donno. 2021. "Analysis of Thermodynamic Cycles of Heat Pumps and Magnetic Refrigerators Using Mathematical Models." Energies 14, no. 4: 909.

Data article
Published: 01 November 2020 in Data in Brief
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The data describe supplementary materials supporting the research article entitled “Worldwide geographical mapping and optimization of stand-alone and grid-connected hybrid renewable system techno-economic performance across Köppen-Geiger climates” (Mazzeo et al., 2020). Hybrid renewable energy systems are increasingly adopted worldwide as technically and economically effective solutions to achieve energy decarbonization and greenhouse gas reduction targets. This data article includes the results of worldwide techno-economic optimization of stand-alone and grid-connected photovoltaic-wind hybrid renewable energy systems designed to meet the electrical energy needs of an office district. The technical simulations have been performed in TRNSYS 17 (Transient Energy System) environment. A total of 48 different locations around the world have been chosen across Köppen-Geiger climates with different latitudes and homogeneously distributed over the whole globe, considering very different climates. The analyses have been conducted for 343 different system power configurations, considering both stand-alone and grid-connected systems. A total of 16464 dynamic simulations were performed, summarized in yearly energy output from each component and in energy and economic indicators.

ACS Style

Domenico Mazzeo; Cristina Baglivo; Nicoletta Matera; Pierangelo De Luca; Paolo Maria Congedo; Giuseppe Oliveti. Energy and economic dataset of the worldwide optimal photovoltaic-wind hybrid renewable energy systems. Data in Brief 2020, 33, 106476 .

AMA Style

Domenico Mazzeo, Cristina Baglivo, Nicoletta Matera, Pierangelo De Luca, Paolo Maria Congedo, Giuseppe Oliveti. Energy and economic dataset of the worldwide optimal photovoltaic-wind hybrid renewable energy systems. Data in Brief. 2020; 33 ():106476.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Domenico Mazzeo; Cristina Baglivo; Nicoletta Matera; Pierangelo De Luca; Paolo Maria Congedo; Giuseppe Oliveti. 2020. "Energy and economic dataset of the worldwide optimal photovoltaic-wind hybrid renewable energy systems." Data in Brief 33, no. : 106476.

Data article
Published: 28 September 2020 in Data in Brief
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This dataset supports the research article “Complete greenhouse dynamic simulation tool to assess the crop thermal well-being and energy needs” [1]. In the agricultural sector, the use of energy can be very intensive [2] and the simulation of solar greenhouses is a very complex work [3]. This dataset provides the results of thermal modeling and dynamic simulation of a solar greenhouse considering simultaneously several thermal phenomena. The analysis was performed by TRNSYS 17 software (TRaNsient SYstem Simulation). The results obtained consider different phenomena that affect the thermal behavior of the greenhouse, including evapotranspiration produced by plants, heat exchange with the soil and the presence of artificial lights. Different models are presented for the calculation of the convective coefficient that best suits the presence of glass surfaces, considering the different discretization of the internal volume (single thermal zone and twenty thermal zones). The parameters that influence the thermal behavior of the greenhouse are analyzed on an hourly basis, the model has been validated with EnergyPlus. The data allow the researcher to choose a suitable greenhouse model in the case of free-floating model or in the presence of an air conditioning system.

ACS Style

Cristina Baglivo; Domenico Mazzeo; Simone Panico; Sara Bonuso; Nicoletta Matera; Paolo Maria Congedo; Giuseppe Oliveti. Data from a dynamic simulation in a free-floating and continuous regime of a solar greenhouse modelled in TRNSYS 17 considering simultaneously different thermal phenomena. Data in Brief 2020, 33, 106339 .

AMA Style

Cristina Baglivo, Domenico Mazzeo, Simone Panico, Sara Bonuso, Nicoletta Matera, Paolo Maria Congedo, Giuseppe Oliveti. Data from a dynamic simulation in a free-floating and continuous regime of a solar greenhouse modelled in TRNSYS 17 considering simultaneously different thermal phenomena. Data in Brief. 2020; 33 ():106339.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Cristina Baglivo; Domenico Mazzeo; Simone Panico; Sara Bonuso; Nicoletta Matera; Paolo Maria Congedo; Giuseppe Oliveti. 2020. "Data from a dynamic simulation in a free-floating and continuous regime of a solar greenhouse modelled in TRNSYS 17 considering simultaneously different thermal phenomena." Data in Brief 33, no. : 106339.

Journal article
Published: 16 July 2020 in Energies
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Greenhouse crops represent a significant productive sector of the agricultural system; one of the main problems to be addressed is indoor air conditioning to ensure thermal well-being of crops. This study focuses on the ventilation analysis of solar greenhouse with symmetrical flat pitched roof and single span located in a warm temperate climate. This work proposes the dynamic analysis of the greenhouse modeled in TRNsys, simultaneously considering different thermal phenomena three-dimensional (3D) shortwave and longwave radiative exchange, airflow exchanges, presence of lamps with their exact 3D position, ground and plant evapotranspiration, and convective heat transfer coefficients. Several air conditioning systems were analyzed, automatic window opening, controlled mechanical ventilation systems (CMV) and horizontal Earth-to-Air Heat Exchanger (EAHX) coupled with CMV, for different air volume changes per hour. In summer, the exploitation of the ground allows having excellent results with the EAHX system, reducing the temperature peaks of up to 5 °C compared to the use of CMV. In winter, it is interesting to note that, although the EAHX is not the solution that raises the temperature the most during the day, its use allows flattening the thermal wave more. In fact, the trend is almost constant during the day, raising the temperature during the first and last hours of the day.

ACS Style

Sara Bonuso; Simone Panico; Cristina Baglivo; Domenico Mazzeo; Nicoletta Matera; Paolo Maria Congedo; Giuseppe Oliveti. Dynamic Analysis of the Natural and Mechanical Ventilation of a Solar Greenhouse by Coupling Controlled Mechanical Ventilation (CMV) with an Earth-to-Air Heat Exchanger (EAHX). Energies 2020, 13, 3676 .

AMA Style

Sara Bonuso, Simone Panico, Cristina Baglivo, Domenico Mazzeo, Nicoletta Matera, Paolo Maria Congedo, Giuseppe Oliveti. Dynamic Analysis of the Natural and Mechanical Ventilation of a Solar Greenhouse by Coupling Controlled Mechanical Ventilation (CMV) with an Earth-to-Air Heat Exchanger (EAHX). Energies. 2020; 13 (14):3676.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sara Bonuso; Simone Panico; Cristina Baglivo; Domenico Mazzeo; Nicoletta Matera; Paolo Maria Congedo; Giuseppe Oliveti. 2020. "Dynamic Analysis of the Natural and Mechanical Ventilation of a Solar Greenhouse by Coupling Controlled Mechanical Ventilation (CMV) with an Earth-to-Air Heat Exchanger (EAHX)." Energies 13, no. 14: 3676.

Journal article
Published: 06 July 2020 in Applied Thermal Engineering
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Greenhouse technology is an important energy consumer sector representing an indispensable solution for modern methods of crop production. In the greenhouse envelope and system design phase, thermodynamic performance simulation tools are required. The greenhouse simulation is still a very complex task despite many building tools are available in the literature. This work aims to overcome this gap by proposing a reference methodology to accommodate the building TRNSYS software for a greenhouse able to consider simultaneously different thermal phenomena with detailed modelling of: dense volume discretization, 3D shortwave and longwave radiative exchange, air flow exchanges, presence of lamps with their exact 3D position, ground and plant evapotranspiration, and convective heat transfer coefficients. A standard hourly simulation of the one-zone greenhouse was validated with another recognized tool, showing excellent agreement throughout the year. The main parameters affecting the greenhouse thermal balance were investigated in both a free-floating and continuous regime. The investigation has shown that a standard simulation is accurate to only reproduce the thermal response in a free-floating regime; instead, the detailed simulation has led to overall cooling and heating energy needs in the continuous regime, respectively, of 51.4 kWh/m3 and 49.1 kWh/m3, avoiding to obtain very high errors.

ACS Style

Cristina Baglivo; Domenico Mazzeo; Simone Panico; Sara Bonuso; Nicoletta Matera; Paolo Maria Congedo; Giuseppe Oliveti. Complete greenhouse dynamic simulation tool to assess the crop thermal well-being and energy needs. Applied Thermal Engineering 2020, 179, 115698 .

AMA Style

Cristina Baglivo, Domenico Mazzeo, Simone Panico, Sara Bonuso, Nicoletta Matera, Paolo Maria Congedo, Giuseppe Oliveti. Complete greenhouse dynamic simulation tool to assess the crop thermal well-being and energy needs. Applied Thermal Engineering. 2020; 179 ():115698.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Cristina Baglivo; Domenico Mazzeo; Simone Panico; Sara Bonuso; Nicoletta Matera; Paolo Maria Congedo; Giuseppe Oliveti. 2020. "Complete greenhouse dynamic simulation tool to assess the crop thermal well-being and energy needs." Applied Thermal Engineering 179, no. : 115698.

Journal article
Published: 17 June 2020 in Energy and Buildings
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This paper proposes the application on microscale of an innovative trigeneration system with micro CAES (Compressed Air Energy Storage) – TES (Thermal Energy Storage) and the integration of renewable energy production, focusing on the potential use for air conditioning and domestic hot water systems. The system allows storing mechanical energy in the form of elastic and thermal potential of compressed air through two thermal storage units, HTTES (High Temperature Thermal Energy Storage) and LTTES (Low Temperature Thermal Energy Storage). The proposed system is tested on a single-family building in a warm climate. The analysis is carried out for integrated and independent operating modes. In integrated mode, the LTTES refrigerant charge and the vapor compression chiller operate simultaneously to cover the building's thermal load. In this case the energy expenditure is only related to the power supply of the chiller. In independent mode, the cold storage and the chiller work alternately during evening operation to limit the absorption of energy from the distribution network. The results show that, in integrated operating mode with partial recirculation and internal temperature conditions of 26 °C and 50% of relative humidity, the system reaches, in relation to the peak thermal load, a maximum operating time of 236 min. The minimum operating time of 26 min is reached using the full external air operating mode with an internal temperature of 26 °C and relative humidity of 40%. In independent operation mode, it is possible to sustain the evening thermal load for up to a maximum of 5 h without electricity absorption from the distribution network.

ACS Style

Paolo Maria Congedo; Cristina Baglivo; Lorenzo Carrieri. Application of an unconventional thermal and mechanical energy storage coupled with the air conditioning and domestic hot water systems of a residential building. Energy and Buildings 2020, 224, 110234 .

AMA Style

Paolo Maria Congedo, Cristina Baglivo, Lorenzo Carrieri. Application of an unconventional thermal and mechanical energy storage coupled with the air conditioning and domestic hot water systems of a residential building. Energy and Buildings. 2020; 224 ():110234.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Paolo Maria Congedo; Cristina Baglivo; Lorenzo Carrieri. 2020. "Application of an unconventional thermal and mechanical energy storage coupled with the air conditioning and domestic hot water systems of a residential building." Energy and Buildings 224, no. : 110234.

Journal article
Published: 30 May 2020 in Energy Conversion and Management
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There is not a real “storage market” and the range of technical solutions for electrical storage appears to be underdeveloped. The use of electrochemical batteries seems to be the easiest and cheapest way, but some problems related to disposal, average life span and storage capacity, still put a brake on their diffusion. The micro CAES-TES (Compressed Air Energy Storage – Thermal Energy Storage) systems with small renewable energy plants for cogeneration and trigeneration represent an important development perspective thank to the reuse of the heat generated at the stage of air compression (for heating) and air expansion (for cooling). This improves the complexity of the entire system because of the heat exchange and thermal storage units must match the capacities and performances of the air compression/expansion units. The paper presents a new mathematical model for micro CAES-TES systems, implemented in Matlab software environment. The novelty is the use of air compressed energy storage in small and residential applications, a trigeneration due to reuse of heat from air compression and expansion stage, only renewable energy used. By keeping the initial investment low, the analysis is extended to the optimal system configuration and identifies key parameters that have a dominant influence on improving system efficiency and provides useful guidance for CAES-TES system design. The results show that, for an air storage volume of 4 m3, the optimal configuration is with a compression ratio of 15 splitted in two stages, charging time 5 h, mechanical storage efficiency 48%, compression air flow rate 3.73 kg/hour. The proposed system has a possible future development overall if combined with new possible scenarios of direct use of compressed air in the residential sector.

ACS Style

Paolo Maria Congedo; Cristina Baglivo; Lorenzo Carrieri. Hypothesis of thermal and mechanical energy storage with unconventional methods. Energy Conversion and Management 2020, 218, 113014 .

AMA Style

Paolo Maria Congedo, Cristina Baglivo, Lorenzo Carrieri. Hypothesis of thermal and mechanical energy storage with unconventional methods. Energy Conversion and Management. 2020; 218 ():113014.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Paolo Maria Congedo; Cristina Baglivo; Lorenzo Carrieri. 2020. "Hypothesis of thermal and mechanical energy storage with unconventional methods." Energy Conversion and Management 218, no. : 113014.

Conference paper
Published: 24 January 2020 in IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science
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The growth of economies and the world population has led to an increase in the electricity demand, toward a disproportionate use of fossil fuels. The PV-wind hybrid system is considered an optimal solution in terms of technical efficiency and costs to reduce the use of fossil sources. The strong variability of renewable energies generated by solar and wind systems in different locations around the world sometimes leads to the need to use battery storage systems. In addition, the self-consumed energy produced by the hybrid system is strongly dependent on the load trend. Owing to the strong influence of the climatic conditions on a hybrid system energy performance, its optimal sizing is a very complex issue that must be addressed in each weather condition. This paper presents an energy feasibility study of a PV-wind-battery hybrid system considering different yearly climatic conditions in the world, according to the Koppen classification. The system is used to supply electrical energy to a district composed of five office buildings. The electrical load consists of artificial lighting systems, electrical office devices and electric vehicle charging stations. The effects produced by different yearly climatic conditions on three hybrid systems, characterized by the same overall nominal powers and different photovoltaic and wind nominal powers, were investigated. TRNSYS 17 was used for the dynamic simulation of the hybrid system. The overall aim is to identify the most proper climatic conditions by means of the optimization of several energy indicators: maximization of the self-consumed renewable energy and of the renewable energy produced utilized to supply the load, namely minimization of the energy imported from and exported to the grid. For this issue, a global indicator, that measures the energy exchange of the hybrid system and load with the grid, is proposed to select the optimal trade-off localities and hybrid systems.

ACS Style

Domenico Mazzeo; Cristina Baglivo; Nicoletta Matera; Paolo M. Congedo; Giuseppe Oliveti. Impact of climatic conditions of different world zones on the energy performance of the photovoltaic-wind-battery hybrid system. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 2020, 410, 012044 .

AMA Style

Domenico Mazzeo, Cristina Baglivo, Nicoletta Matera, Paolo M. Congedo, Giuseppe Oliveti. Impact of climatic conditions of different world zones on the energy performance of the photovoltaic-wind-battery hybrid system. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. 2020; 410 (1):012044.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Domenico Mazzeo; Cristina Baglivo; Nicoletta Matera; Paolo M. Congedo; Giuseppe Oliveti. 2020. "Impact of climatic conditions of different world zones on the energy performance of the photovoltaic-wind-battery hybrid system." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 410, no. 1: 012044.

Journal article
Published: 13 November 2019 in Energies
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A light pipe is an excellent solution to transport and distribute daylight into environments without or with little lighting, guaranteeing comfort inside the rooms. As stated in the literature, the evaluation of the performances of light pipes presents numerous complexities, making the work very difficult for technicians and designers. This study is aimed to present a methodology that is able to identify the potential of light pipes using indices such as daylight autonomy (DA), continuous daylight autonomy (DAc), and useful daylight illuminance (UDI). This paper presents an analysis of daylight obtained by several configurations of simple models of light pipes installed into a 5 × 5 m plant area room. All simulations are carried out in a DAYSIM environment, which allows calculating the annual availability of daylight based on a RADIANCE raytracer backward. Several daylight conditions were analyzed for different light pipe configurations, considering different pipe lengths and a variable number of light pipes. The light pipes are tested also in the horizontal position, for different orientations. The results of all the combinations were compared with the performances of a window with dimensions equal to 1/8 of the internal surface, which was in accordance with the minimum value to be guaranteed by the Italian Regulation (D.M. 5 July 1975 n. 190) for different orientations. The results indicated a difference in daylight distribution, showing a strong correlation between the percentage levels of DA and DAc with the length and number of pipes, during different periods of the year. The simulated model is strongly influenced by the aspect ratio (R = diameter/length). The results show that the illuminance levels decrease drastically, increasing the length.

ACS Style

Cristina Baglivo; Marina Bonomolo; Paolo Maria Congedo. Modeling of Light Pipes for the Optimal Disposition in Buildings. Energies 2019, 12, 4323 .

AMA Style

Cristina Baglivo, Marina Bonomolo, Paolo Maria Congedo. Modeling of Light Pipes for the Optimal Disposition in Buildings. Energies. 2019; 12 (22):4323.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Cristina Baglivo; Marina Bonomolo; Paolo Maria Congedo. 2019. "Modeling of Light Pipes for the Optimal Disposition in Buildings." Energies 12, no. 22: 4323.

Journal article
Published: 08 November 2019 in Journal of Building Engineering
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Buildings built in warm climates are affected by severe overheating problems in summer, which negatively affects people's comfort and health. For these reasons, many users are forced to install cooling systems, leading to an increase in costs, consumption and a meaning impact on the environment. This study gives a valid method to monitor the overheating problems in buildings located in Mediterranean climates, without the use of cooling systems, but just with an accurate design of the envelope. The main challenge is to demonstrate that the hourly monitoring of the internal operative temperature (TOP), in accordance with the UNI EN ISO 52016, is able of defining univocally the performances of the building, taking into consideration the characteristics of the envelope. The optimization of this parameter permits to reach high level of internal comfort in a building, ensuring the designer to identify the best choice of building materials that compose the envelope. The TOP trends, for a whole year, are tested on a single-residential building model located in a warm Mediterranean climate, considering different configurations of the external walls. The results put in evidence that the best solutions are characterized by the presence of the double layer of tuff, with a very massive layer in the internal side and resistive layer outside. At the end, this study demonstrates that once optimized the envelope, it is easier to reach good values of internal operative temperature with the only use of a mechanical ventilation system.

ACS Style

Paolo Maria Congedo; Cristina Baglivo; Giulia Centonze. Walls comparative evaluation for the thermal performance improvement of low-rise residential buildings in warm Mediterranean climate. Journal of Building Engineering 2019, 28, 101059 .

AMA Style

Paolo Maria Congedo, Cristina Baglivo, Giulia Centonze. Walls comparative evaluation for the thermal performance improvement of low-rise residential buildings in warm Mediterranean climate. Journal of Building Engineering. 2019; 28 ():101059.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Paolo Maria Congedo; Cristina Baglivo; Giulia Centonze. 2019. "Walls comparative evaluation for the thermal performance improvement of low-rise residential buildings in warm Mediterranean climate." Journal of Building Engineering 28, no. : 101059.

Journal article
Published: 01 November 2018 in Energies
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The building sector is responsible for a large part of the overall energy demand in Europe. Energy consumption may be reduced at the design stage by selecting the proper building elements. This study develops a multi-objective analysis for a highly efficient slab-on-ground floor, whose design is optimized for a warm climate. Possible floor configurations have been obtained using the software tools modeFRONTIER, for the multi-objective analysis, and MATLAB, for the computational code. To proceed with the optimization of the different floor layers, a dataset has been developed for several materials in relation to a number of parameters: thermo-physical properties, eco-sustainability score according to the ITACA Protocol, costs, source, and structural features. Results highlight how a high surface mass is preferable when guaranteed by concrete in the innermost and outermost layers. Furthermore, insulating materials are better placed in the middle layers, with the insulating and synthetic materials adjacent to the ground and insulating and natural materials adjacent to the floor. Results emphasize the importance of thermal transmittance close to the Italian regulation limit (0.38 W/m2 K) in the climatic zone C, to allow an adequate exchange with the ground in summer, avoiding overheating. The outcomes show that the obtained slab-on-ground floor configurations favor the use of local, recyclable, sustainable, and eco-friendly materials, which is in line with energy policies and sustainability protocols. The paper supports the decision making process that takes many variables into account at the building design stage.

ACS Style

Cristina Baglivo; Paolo Maria Congedo; Delia D’Agostino. Multi-Objective Analysis for the Optimization of a High Performance Slab-on- Ground Floor in a Warm Climate. Energies 2018, 11, 2988 .

AMA Style

Cristina Baglivo, Paolo Maria Congedo, Delia D’Agostino. Multi-Objective Analysis for the Optimization of a High Performance Slab-on- Ground Floor in a Warm Climate. Energies. 2018; 11 (11):2988.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Cristina Baglivo; Paolo Maria Congedo; Delia D’Agostino. 2018. "Multi-Objective Analysis for the Optimization of a High Performance Slab-on- Ground Floor in a Warm Climate." Energies 11, no. 11: 2988.

Journal article
Published: 11 October 2018 in Energies
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A concept of Air-Cooled Heat Pump (ACHP) coupled with a Horizontal Air-Ground Heat Exchanger (HAGHE), also called Horizontal Earth-To-Air Heat Exchanger (EAHX), has been proposed. The Air-Cooled Heat Pump is a system which transfers heat from outside source (air) to inside sink (water) and vice versa in summertime. The innovation is to provide a geothermal treatment of pre-heating/cooling of air before meeting the evaporator in winter or the condenser in summer of the heat pump. Besides, it is known that the variations of the ground temperature, respect to the external air one, are mitigated already in the first layers of the ground throughout the year, due to the high thermal inertia of the ground, letting the heat pump work with more mitigated conditions, improving the performances. The behaviour of HAGHE has been investigated by varying the length and the installation depth of the probes, the air flow rate and the ground thermal properties. All the combinations have been implemented using TRNSYS 17 software (Transient System Simulation Program) to obtain the outlet temperatures from HAGHE, resulting from the 54 configurations. The results are compared in terms of Coefficient of Performance (COP) in wintertime and Energy Efficiency Ratio (EER) in summertime between configurations with and without the coupling with HAGHE. In addition, two seasonal performance SCOP and SEER coefficients have been calculated considering, not only the inlet air temperatures into the Air-Cooled Heat Pump, but also their frequency of occurrence, the off-set external temperature (16 °C), the nominal external temperature and heating and cooling loads.

ACS Style

Cristina Baglivo; Sara Bonuso; Paolo Maria Congedo. Performance Analysis of Air Cooled Heat Pump Coupled with Horizontal Air Ground Heat Exchanger in the Mediterranean Climate. Energies 2018, 11, 2704 .

AMA Style

Cristina Baglivo, Sara Bonuso, Paolo Maria Congedo. Performance Analysis of Air Cooled Heat Pump Coupled with Horizontal Air Ground Heat Exchanger in the Mediterranean Climate. Energies. 2018; 11 (10):2704.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Cristina Baglivo; Sara Bonuso; Paolo Maria Congedo. 2018. "Performance Analysis of Air Cooled Heat Pump Coupled with Horizontal Air Ground Heat Exchanger in the Mediterranean Climate." Energies 11, no. 10: 2704.

Journal article
Published: 14 August 2018 in Energies
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Energy consumption in new buildings can be reduced at the design stage. This study optimizes the ventilation system design of a new residential building located in a warm climate (Southern Italy). Different system options of horizontal air-ground heat exchangers (HAGHEs), also called earth-to-air heat exchangers (EAHX), have been considered to search for the optimal configuration. The thermal behaviour of the obtained configurations has been modelled by the dynamic simulation software TRNSYS 17. The pipe numbers, the air flow rate, and the soil thermal conductivity are among the simulated building components. For each of them, different design options have been analysed to study how each parameter impacts the building thermal behaviour in winter and summer. The operative air temperature (TOP) has been evaluated inside the building prototype to investigate the indoor comfort. The paper demonstrates that HAGHEs permit to assure a suitable indoor climatization if the building envelope is optimized for a warm area. These conditions require high values of heat storage capacity to keep under control the internal temperature fluctuations, especially in summer. The paper confirms the importance of geothermal systems and design optimization to increase energy savings.

ACS Style

Cristina Baglivo; Delia D’Agostino; Paolo Maria Congedo. Design of a Ventilation System Coupled with a Horizontal Air-Ground Heat Exchanger (HAGHE) for a Residential Building in a Warm Climate. Energies 2018, 11, 2122 .

AMA Style

Cristina Baglivo, Delia D’Agostino, Paolo Maria Congedo. Design of a Ventilation System Coupled with a Horizontal Air-Ground Heat Exchanger (HAGHE) for a Residential Building in a Warm Climate. Energies. 2018; 11 (8):2122.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Cristina Baglivo; Delia D’Agostino; Paolo Maria Congedo. 2018. "Design of a Ventilation System Coupled with a Horizontal Air-Ground Heat Exchanger (HAGHE) for a Residential Building in a Warm Climate." Energies 11, no. 8: 2122.