Fuel consumption is the most important parameter which is effected by the petrol prices. Optimization of the sailing speed decreases the fuel cost because it is proportional to the sailing speed. In this study, the present fuel consumption formula has been improved by finding a formula that shows the change of the displacement of the ship according to the time.

In addition to being one of the largest metropolises in the world, Istanbul is also one of the busiest routes of international maritime transport through the Strait of Istanbul (SoI). Currently, the average number of ships which passes through SoI is approximately 45,000. This number does not increase much due to the natural structure of SoI. So, larger ships with larger tonnages pass through SoI. In addition to the existing transit ship traffic in SoI, ship-based exhaust pollution caused by local maritime traffic adversely affects human health, comfort and the environment. In this study, the exhaust emissions generated by the ships of the local companies transporting in SoI were investigated. In addition, exhaust emissions from ships, one of the most important air pollutant emission sources such as motor vehicles, industrial processes and heating of residences in Istanbul, were calculated and presented. Ship exhaust gas emissions in SoI were calculated based on actual ship movements and ship machinery information using the bottom up method.

Countries’ sectors are currently under great scrutiny for their response to the greenhouse gas (GHG) emission profile and the general effect of the sectoral activities on the environment. As in the agenda of all sectors, environmental concerns and investigations are of high importance in shipping and maritime transport. Amidst the rising forms of globalization, the need for sustainable transportation is constantly increasing. However, the machines that are the cornerstone of transportation largely depend on fossil fuels, thus resulting in environmental degradation. Notably, environmental-related degradation has continued to account for global warming, climate change, and ocean acidification. Shipping is considered the most environmentally friendly mode of transportation in terms of carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions per ton per mile of transported unit load when compared against road transportation. In this study, six ferry lines (FLs) of Washington State Ferries were calculated to compare ship-generated carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions with those from road transportation as if the carried vehicles had used the highway instead of transport by FL. While making these calculations, the Greatest Integer function (GIF) and Trozzi and Vaccaro function (TVF) were utilized. From the examined three scenarios, i.e., all passengers travel by car instead of ferry as scenario 1, all ferries carry both cars and passengers as scenario 2, and all car-free passengers travel by bus instead of ferry as scenario 3, the outlined results are as follows: (i) none of the cars were carried by the ferry, and car-free passengers preferred traveling by their own cars as observed in scenario 1; (ii) hypothetical scenarios (1 to 3) in which the road vehicles carried on FLs had instead used the highway, and the total potential CO₂emissions of these road vehicles were calculated as 2,638,858.138, 704,958.2998, and 1,394,148.577 tonnes per year, respectively. Policy-wise, this study revealed the management strategies for CO₂emissions reduction for two transport modes, shipping and road transportation, under current conditions.

Küreselleşmenin ekonomik hâkimiyetinde olan günümüzde ticaret lojistikten bağımsız olarak düşünülemez. Hammadde, üretim, tüketim üçgeninin binlerce kilometreyi bulabilen çevresinde dolanarak bu üç faktörün ortak bir noktada buluşturulması ancak ve ancak gelişmiş taşımacılık ağlarıyla mümkündür. Taşımacılığın ana faktörü ve taşımacılık ağlarının temel birleştiricisi ise denizyolu taşımacılığıdır. Bu lojistik faaliyetlerinin başlangıç ve bitiş noktasında limanlar yer almaktadır. Limanların yarattığı bu artı değer günümüz Batı Avrupa nüfusunun dağılımına da karar vermiştir. İç suyolu taşımacılığı daha ekonomik olduğu için tercih edilen Ren Nehri’nde gemilerle taşınan ürünlere ve ticari güce kayıtsız kalamayan halk, son yüz yıllık süreç içerisinde bölgede bulunan nüfusu ve nüfus yoğunluğunu ciddi düzeyde arttırmıştır. Türkiye’nin Tekirdağ ili incelediğinde ülkenin geri kalanına oranla oldukça yüksek bir nüfus artış oranı görülmektedir. Şehirde bulunan nüfusun dağılımına bakıldığında ise limana yakın ilçelerde daha yüksek bir nüfus görülmektedir. Çalışmada öncelikle makro açıdan Hollanda’daki Ren Nehri değerlendirilmiş olup, sonrasında Tekirdağ ilinin liman faaliyetlerinin bölgesel kalkınmaya olan etkisi araştırılmıştır.

Mersin, K.; Bayırhan, İ., and Yıldırım, M., 2024. Possible effects of the canal Istanbul Waterway Project on ship emissions: Challenges and prospects. Journal of Coastal Research, 40(1), 210–222. Charlotte (North Carolina), ISSN 0749-0208. Canal Istanbul Waterway Project, officially announced in 2011, will be the third of the Turkish straits if realized. However, the exhaust pollution caused by transit and local ship traffic in the existing Strait of İstanbul already adversely affects human health, comfort, and the environment. Consequently, how the Canal Istanbul will affect emission pollution in this area is a problem that should be studied in advance. For this purpose, this article examined the potential exhaust emissions from ships in Canal Istanbul. In the present study, the forecast analysis of the time series was carried out using Weka (3.8.1). Two different time series forecasting methods, namely, Gaussian processes and sequence minimum optimization (SMO) regression, were employed to predict future traffic and tonnage trends. The SMO regression algorithm's performance measurement values yielded better results than the Gaussian processes. The results of SMO regression algorithm were used in future calculations. Subsequently, the total fuel consumption of the ships was calculated. Second, the Trozzi and Vaccaro method was used, and possible nitrogen oxide (NOX), carbon dioxide (CO2), volatile organic compounds (VOC), particulate matter (PM), and sulfur oxide (SOX) emissions of the ships were calculated.

Kalkınma Yolu Projesi, özellikle Irak ve Türkiye için olmak üzere, Ortadoğu'nun jeopolitiğinde önemli değişikliklere yol açabilecek bir ticaret koridorudur. Bu projede, Kalkınma Yolu’nun Türkiye ve Irak’a sağlayacağı yararların yanı sıra, projenin oluşum sürecinde yer alan tüm taşıma modları ve süreçleri hakkında bilgi verilecektir. Söz konusu projenin gerçekleşirken etrafa yayacağı hava kirliliği göz önünde bulundurularak belirli önemler alınmak istenmiş ve bu çalışmada bu duruma istinaden belirli hesaplamalar yapılarak Kalkınma Yolu Projesi gerçekleştiğinde projenin güzergahlarında farklı taşıma modları ile yapılacak sevkiyatlarda etrafa yayacağı emisyon miktarı hesaplanarak gerekli önlemler alınması için de önemli bir kaynak olması öngörülmektedir.