Introduction: During the summer of 2019 and within the framework of a social dentistry program carried out in the low-income town of San Francisco de Macorís (Dominican Republic), a descriptive study was carried out on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL), aiming to find out the oral health status of a population of children in the aforementioned Dominican city. Objective: The aim of this study was to describe the oral health status of a child population and its relationship with the quality of life perceived by these children in the aforementioned population of San Francisco de Macorís in order to develop an specific oral health program taking into account not only the existing oral health status but also the perceptions and feelings of the child population in this regard. Method: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out on a representative sample of children who were examined on their oral health status, following WHO guidelines, by professionals from the University of Seville (Spain) together with professionals from private practice (USA) and students from the Universidad Católica Nordestana (UCNE, Dominican Republic). Likewise, the children’s parents voluntarily completed the Oral Quality of Life questionnaire COHIP-19 in its culturally adapted Spanish version. Results: For this purpose, 94 children with a mean age of 10.34 (SD 3.38) were observed in our study following WHO recommendations for oral health studies and evaluating OHQoL using the specific questionnaire validated in Spanish COHIP-19 in its short format (SF). The results show a state of oral health with a significant prevalence of caries (80.9%) and a DMFT of 1.70 (SD 1.90). The OHQoL perceived by these children shows that pain, bad breath or feeling sad because of the condition of their teeth were the factors with the worst evaluation score. Conclusions: The conclusion that mainly emerges from this study is that caries continues to be the main problem to be solved (more than other variables studied, such as malocclusion or fluorosis), and this ailment also causes pain, dysfunction, and bad breath and is therefore perceived as a problem to be solved in the children of this Dominican city.

Caregivers are essential for providing daily care to individuals with functional disabilities, but caregiving can negatively impact physical and mental health. This study assessed the health-related quality of life and work ability of 97 paid caregivers and 91 family caregivers, identifying factors associated with these outcomes. Mann-Whitney U and chi-square tests were used to analyze differences between groups, along with logistic regression models to explore the relationship between caregiver burden, social support, and the outcomes. Results showed family caregivers experienced higher burden, lower social support, worse quality of life, and reduced work ability compared to paid caregivers. Longer caregiving hours were linked to poorer outcomes, while good physical fitness was a protective factor. Moderate to severe caregiver burden strongly correlated with poor outcomes, while social support had a protective effect. The findings highlight the importance of interventions to reduce caregiver burden, enhance social support, and promote physical fitness for caregivers.

The Spanish Armed Forces require optimal oral health to ensure operability during international missions. In a cross-sectional study with a sample of 691 military personnel, 17.66% were classified as temporarily unfit (NAT), predominantly among enlisted ranks (21.7%). Employment status and smoking showed significant associations with NAT ( P < .000), while gender, age, and alcohol consumption were not significant factors. The decayed, missing filled teeth index, particularly its decayed component, was strongly related to NAT ( P = .000). Periodontal disease presence and the need for multiple dental treatments significantly increased NAT prevalence ( P < .000). Use of dental floss correlated with higher fitness, whereas mouthwash use was associated with increased NAT ( P < .05). These findings highlight the importance of prevention and risk factor control to maintain oral fitness and ensure military personnel effectiveness during deployments.

Hotel housekeepers are exposed to high physical workload, repetitive tasks, time pressure, and limited social recognition. These occupational conditions may increase the risk of work-related health problems, particularly musculoskeletal disorders, and negatively affect functional capacity and long-term work sustainability. The objective of this systematic review was to synthesise the available evidence on the most prevalent work-related health conditions among hotel housekeepers and to examine their association with work-related risk factors. A systematic review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Electronic searches were performed in PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, Embase, and Web of Science in November 2025 and updated on 18 March 2026. Eligible observational studies reporting the prevalence of work-related health conditions among hotel housekeepers were included. Study selection, data extraction, and quality appraisal (Joanna Briggs Institute tools) were conducted independently by reviewers. Findings were synthesised narratively and, where appropriate, pooled using random-effects meta-analysis with inverse-variance weighting, Freeman-Tukey double arcsine transformation, and restricted maximum likelihood estimation of between-study variance (τ²). Statistical heterogeneity was assessed using the I² statistic. Eight studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the systematic review. All examined musculoskeletal disorders, consistently reporting high prevalence rates. Five of these studies contributed to the meta-analysis; pooled 12-month prevalence was highest for low back pain (73.0%; 95% CI: 42.9-90.7), followed by wrist/hand (54.7%; 95% CI: 27.7-79.2), shoulder (48.2%; 95% CI: 10.8-87.7), and neck (40.1%; 95% CI: 3.2-93.2). Several studies identified significant associations between musculoskeletal symptoms and labour exposures, including biomechanical load, repetitive movements, work organisation, adverse psychosocial conditions, and specific factors such as the number of beds made per shift, lack of training, and low job satisfaction. Substantial heterogeneity limited comparability across studies. Hotel housekeepers represent a particularly vulnerable occupational group with a high burden of work-related musculoskeletal disorders. The limited number of studies and their heterogeneity highlight the need for more robust, standardised epidemiological research. Preventive strategies addressing ergonomic design, workload management, and psychosocial risk factors are warranted to mitigate health risks and promote long-term occupational well-being in this workforce. The review protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD420261288316).

The COVID-19 pandemic, declared a global emergency by the World Health Organization, significantly impacted Spain, straining its National Health System and disrupting daily life, including education. Undergraduate nursing students faced particular challenges due to the shift to online learning and the demands of clinical placements. This study aimed to assess the academic engagement and the presence of anxiety and fear of COVID-19 in undergraduate Nursing students in Spain. The study employed an observational, cross-sectional design using an online questionnaire disseminated between October 2021 and May 2022. A non-probabilistic snowball sampling technique was used to recruit 1197 students from across Spain. The questionnaire included socio-demographic variables, personal COVID-19 experiences, the anxiety and fear of COVID-19 scale to measure anxiety and fear, and the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (student version) to assess academic engagement. This study found significant levels of anxiety and fear among the students. Females reported higher scores on the anxiety and fear of COVID-19 scale compared to males. Higher levels of anxiety and fear were also observed in students who considered themselves part of a risk group and those who perceived a lack of sufficient self-protection measures during clinical placements. Interestingly, students who had received multiple doses of the COVID-19 vaccine also reported higher levels of anxiety and fear. Students in the final stages of their studies showed reduced academic engagement. The study highlights the need for universities to implement mental health support strategies for nursing students. It also emphasizes the importance of improved public policies to ensure the availability of personal protective equipment and adequate training in infection control for students during clinical placements. Addressing the emotional well-being of future healthcare professionals is crucial.

Background: In Spain, the number of patients anticoagulated with vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) is high. Among them, poor adherence is common, which may be justified by a low level of knowledge, and could affect their quality of life. We analyzed treatment adherence, health-related quality of life, and knowledge level about treatment, and evaluated the possible influence of these factors on patients’ time in the therapeutic range while also studying potential differences between patients under routine monitoring or self-monitoring. Methodology: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted using three validated and cross-culturally adapted questionnaires to study therapeutic adherence, health-related quality of life, and knowledge level about VKA treatment in a sample of anticoagulated patients. Additionally, it was assessed whether they were self-monitoring or not; the Rosendaal Time in Therapeutic Range (TTRr) was also administered for each patient at the time of recruitment. Descriptive analysis of all variables was performed, and a logistic regression model was constructed to evaluate the possible interaction of variables. Results: Ninety-eight patients participated and were selected sequentially from those attending the oral anticoagulation clinic at Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria in Malaga. Of these, 39 were men and 59 were women. The mean age of these participants was 60.62 years (SD 11.67). Sixty-six were under conventional monitoring and thirty-two followed the self-monitoring program. The DecaMIRT had a mean score of 39.22 (SD 8.57), the SF-12 mean score was 31.73 (SD 6.21), and the knowledge questionnaire’s was 14.2 (SD 2.6). The mean TTRr value was 63.88 (SD 22.99). Self-monitored patients showed better results in DECAMirt and knowledge. Discussion: Overall, patients included in the sample presented satisfactory values in these three questionnaires, which seems to indicate that this was a treatment-compliant group with a correct quality of life, and adequately informed about their treatment. Conclusions: The work of nurses responsible for these aspects appears crucial in achieving these results. We aim to extend this study by focusing on groups with poorer results to design specific activities that allow for improvement in care and, as much as possible, homogenize outcomes. For this purpose, we intend to use all available tools, including those derived from the use of health-oriented artificial intelligence.