Hemp (Cannabis sativa Linn) is a high-yielding annual crop farmed for its stalk fiber and oil-producing seeds. This specialized crop is currently experiencing a revival in production. Hemp fiber contains pectin, hemicellulose and lignin with superior strength, while hemp seed oil contains unsaturated triglycerides with well-established nutritional and physiological properties. Therefore, focus on the utilization of hemp in various industries is increasing globally. This study reviewed recent applications of hemp components, including fiber and extract, in food, textile and packaging applications. Hemp fibers mainly consisting of cellulose derivatives have superior strength to be used as reinforcements in thermoplastic packaging and paper. Combined physical and chemical modifications of hemp fibers improved mechanical and barrier properties of composite materials. Physically and chemically processed hemp extracts have been used in food and non-food applications. Functional foods containing hemp oils deliver nutrients by their unsaturated lipids. High-quality hemp fiber with several fiber modifications has been applied in garments. Innovative applications of hemp components and by-products are increasing, thereby facilitating utilization of green sustainable biomaterials.

Water-repellent coatings are essential for enhancing the durability and sustainability of textiles, paper, and bioplastic polymers. Despite the growing use of sustainable materials, their inherent hydrophilicity presents significant challenges. This review explores advanced coating technologies to address these issues, focusing on their mechanisms, properties, and applications. By imparting water resistance and repellency, these coatings improve material performance and longevity. The environmental impact and limitations of current coatings are critically assessed, highlighting the need for sustainable solutions. This review identifies key trends and challenges, offering insights into developing water-resistant materials that align with environmental goals while meeting industry demands. Key focus areas include coating mechanisms, techniques, performance evaluation, applications, environmental impact assessment, and the development of sustainable coating solutions. This research contributes to the development of water-resistant materials that meet the demands of modern industries while minimizing environmental impact.

Since the late 2010-s and early 2020s, people around the world have not only encountered the pandemic crisis, but also in some places, they have had to deal with serious levels of air pollution. Personal protective equipment is essential to protect from microorganisms or fine particulate matter. Consequently, this study aimed to develop a silk face covering that could meet the international requirements with the addition of having an antibacterial property. The developed silk face covering consisted of three layers; the outer layer was water-repellent mulberry silk, the inner layer was oil-repellent eri silk, while the middle layer was cotton fabric coated with biosynthesized silver nanoparticles from mangosteen peels mixed with Andrographis paniculata extract. A biodegradable bacterial cellulose filter made of nata de coco waste was also prepared to improve filtration efficiency. It was found that the silver nanoparticles extracted from mangosteen peel and Andrographis paniculata inhibited S. aureus and E. coli by more than 99.9%, even after 20 washing cycles. The performance properties of the silk barrier face covering met Level I of the ASTM F3502-2021 standard, as well as being comfortable for public use.

Pineapple cultivation generates large quantities of non-food leaf agro-residues that are often discarded or burned, despite their significant potential as industrial crop resources. This study valorized pineapple leaf agro-residues, converting them into bio-based ring-spun yarns by blending pineapple leaf fibers (PALF) with cotton, and elucidated how PALF loading affected the microstructural fiber distribution and mechanical behavior. The PALF were mechanically extracted and dyed with cocoa leaves using ferrous sulfate as a mordant prior to blending with cotton at ratios of 0:100, 20:80, 30:70, and 50:50. Bio-based PALF–cotton yarns (5 and 10 Ne) were produced using a laboratory-scale ring-spinning system and characterized in terms of physical, evenness, and tensile properties. Fiber distribution within the yarn cross-section was mapped using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM), and quantified using the Index of Blend Irregularity (IBI). IBI values below 1 for cotton and above 1 for PALF confirmed a preferential cotton core and PALF-rich periphery, indicating radially non-uniform fiber dispersion. A 30:70 PALF/cotton blend provided the optimal compromise between strength, elongation, and evenness, while mechanical properties remained broadly comparable across 20–50% PALF, except for increased yarn unevenness at higher PALF contents. Our findings demonstrate the technical feasibility of converting pineapple leaf agro-residues into PALF–cotton bio-based ring-spun yarns, and provide practical design guidelines for low-carbon textile products derived from industrial crop residues.