This page has only limited features, please log in for full access.

Prof. Llewellyn Leonard
University of South Africa (Unisa)

Basic Info


Research Keywords & Expertise

0 Civil Society
0 Environmental Justice
0 Sustainable Development
0 risk society
0 industrial risk

Fingerprints

Civil Society
Environmental Justice
Sustainable Development
risk society
industrial risk

Honors and Awards

The user has no records in this section


Career Timeline

The user has no records in this section.


Short Biography

Llewellyn Leonard is Professor at the University of South Africa, Department of Environmental Sciences. He obtained his PhD (Human Geography) in 2009 from Kings College, University of London, School of Social Science and Public Policy. He was previously a research fellow at Middlesex University, London before joining the University of Johannesburg as postdoctoral fellow at the South African Research Chair for Social Change. He also held positions as Head of Department, Tourism at the same institution and was also Vice Dean Research at the College of Business and Economics. Research interests include environmental justice, human rights and ecological justice, risk communication, urban risks, climate adaptation, democracy and governance, civil society-state-industry relations, and industrial risks and tourism/conservation impacts. He is a member of the South African Geographical Society, International Association for Impact Assessments, and the Rotary Society (New Dawn) South Africa

Following
Followers
Co Authors
The list of users this user is following is empty.
Following: 0 users

Feed

Journal article
Published: 19 May 2021 in Sustainability
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Within sustainability development paradigms, state governance is considered important in interventions to address risks produced by the industrial society. However, there is largely a lack of understanding, especially in the Global South, about the nature and workings of the governance institutions necessary to tackle risks effectively. Reflexive governance, as a new mode of governance, has been developed as a way to be more inclusive and more reflexive and respond to complex risks. Conversely, there is limited scholarly work that has examined the theoretical and empirical foundations of this governance approach, especially how it may unfold in the Global South. This paper explores the conditions and constrains for reflexive governance in a particular case: that of the South Durban Industrial Basin. South Durban is one of the most polluted regions in southern Africa and has been the most active industrial site of contention between local residents and industry and government during apartheid and into the new democracy. Empirical analysis found a number of constrains involved in enabling reflexive governance. It also found that a close alliance between government and industry to promote economic development has overshadowed social and environmental protection. Reflexive governance practitioners need to be cognisant of its applicability across diverse geographic settings and beyond western notions of reflexive governance.

ACS Style

Llewellyn Leonard; Rolf Lidskog. Conditions and Constrains for Reflexive Governance of Industrial Risks: The Case of the South Durban Industrial Basin, South Africa. Sustainability 2021, 13, 5679 .

AMA Style

Llewellyn Leonard, Rolf Lidskog. Conditions and Constrains for Reflexive Governance of Industrial Risks: The Case of the South Durban Industrial Basin, South Africa. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (10):5679.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Llewellyn Leonard; Rolf Lidskog. 2021. "Conditions and Constrains for Reflexive Governance of Industrial Risks: The Case of the South Durban Industrial Basin, South Africa." Sustainability 13, no. 10: 5679.

Article
Published: 23 April 2021 in GeoJournal
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Environmental and climatic changes have become issues of global concern partly because of their ability to disrupt activities connected to people’s livelihood. Yet, the emotional distress caused by these changes and the factors responsible for place-based attachment, especially in the Global South, have received scant attention to date. Drawing on the theories of ‘solastalgia’—sadness caused by environmental change and the ensuing emotions it evokes—and place-based attachment, this article analysed the embodied experiences of climatic and environmental changes on rural households in KwaMaye, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Primary data was obtained qualitatively. Findings indicate that environmental and climatic changes, which have manifested in the form of increased soil infertility, soil erosion, mole and termite infestations and increased drought conditions, have undermined farmers’ ability to produce food and engage in livestock production effectively. These circumstances evoked frustrations, increased anxiety, sadness, reduced self-value and self-worth as well as helplessness. Nonetheless, place-based attachment is underpinned by kinship bonds and ancestral heritage. These issues have been discussed within the wider theoretical debates revolving around solastalgia and place-based attachment.

ACS Style

Osadolor O. Ebhuoma; Michael Gebreslasie; Eromose E. Ebhuoma; Llewellyn Leonard. ‘The future looks empty’: embodied experiences of distress triggered by environmental and climatic changes in rural KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. GeoJournal 2021, 1 -17.

AMA Style

Osadolor O. Ebhuoma, Michael Gebreslasie, Eromose E. Ebhuoma, Llewellyn Leonard. ‘The future looks empty’: embodied experiences of distress triggered by environmental and climatic changes in rural KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. GeoJournal. 2021; ():1-17.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Osadolor O. Ebhuoma; Michael Gebreslasie; Eromose E. Ebhuoma; Llewellyn Leonard. 2021. "‘The future looks empty’: embodied experiences of distress triggered by environmental and climatic changes in rural KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa." GeoJournal , no. : 1-17.

Research article
Published: 28 November 2020 in Politikon
Reads 0
Downloads 0

South Africa’s adopted neoliberalism framework, since democracy, has spearheaded industrial development such as mining and has contributed to eroding civil society formations for environmental justice. Although civil society has acted against mining developments, such actions can be uncoordinated due to neoliberal development influences. Neoliberalism can work to reconfigure the geographies of environmental justice struggles contributing to a fragmented ‘micro-politics’. This paper presents viewpoints from key stakeholders to examine civil society opposition to a mining proposal in rural Fuleni, KwaZulu-Natal, and the challenges that local communities may face in contesting exploitative mining practices in the context of neoliberal policy environments to secure just resilient outcomes. The paper highlights that for environmental justice struggles against mining to be successful and effective against domination and local leadership corruption, requires communities engaging in networking and social capital by linking up struggles and beyond isolated campaigns, sharing experiences and designing common narratives for strategies to combat mining and the broader neoliberal ideology producing unjust resilient outcomes. This also requires that campaigners include the local youth in discussions on and alternatives to mining, or run the risk of destabilising mining struggles for just resilient outcomes.

ACS Style

Llewellyn Leonard. Ecological Conflicts, Resistance, Leadership and Collective Action for Just Resilience: What Can We Learn from a Community Struggle Against a Proposed Coal Mine in Fuleni, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa? Politikon 2020, 48, 19 -40.

AMA Style

Llewellyn Leonard. Ecological Conflicts, Resistance, Leadership and Collective Action for Just Resilience: What Can We Learn from a Community Struggle Against a Proposed Coal Mine in Fuleni, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa? Politikon. 2020; 48 (1):19-40.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Llewellyn Leonard. 2020. "Ecological Conflicts, Resistance, Leadership and Collective Action for Just Resilience: What Can We Learn from a Community Struggle Against a Proposed Coal Mine in Fuleni, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa?" Politikon 48, no. 1: 19-40.

Journal article
Published: 28 October 2020 in Development Southern Africa
Reads 0
Downloads 0
ACS Style

Regis Musavengane; Llewellyn Leonard; Shakespear Mureyani. Doing tourism in Southern Africa amid the coronavirus pandemic: Navigating political, socio-economic and environmental inequalities. Development Southern Africa 2020, 1 -17.

AMA Style

Regis Musavengane, Llewellyn Leonard, Shakespear Mureyani. Doing tourism in Southern Africa amid the coronavirus pandemic: Navigating political, socio-economic and environmental inequalities. Development Southern Africa. 2020; ():1-17.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Regis Musavengane; Llewellyn Leonard; Shakespear Mureyani. 2020. "Doing tourism in Southern Africa amid the coronavirus pandemic: Navigating political, socio-economic and environmental inequalities." Development Southern Africa , no. : 1-17.

Journal article
Published: 28 October 2020 in Politikon
Reads 0
Downloads 0
ACS Style

Llewellyn Leonard. Ecological Conflicts, Resistance, Collective Action and Just Resilience: What Can We Learn from a Community Struggle Against a Proposed Coalmine in Fuleni, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Politikon 2020, 1 -18.

AMA Style

Llewellyn Leonard. Ecological Conflicts, Resistance, Collective Action and Just Resilience: What Can We Learn from a Community Struggle Against a Proposed Coalmine in Fuleni, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Politikon. 2020; ():1-18.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Llewellyn Leonard. 2020. "Ecological Conflicts, Resistance, Collective Action and Just Resilience: What Can We Learn from a Community Struggle Against a Proposed Coalmine in Fuleni, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa." Politikon , no. : 1-18.

Journal article
Published: 08 September 2020 in Sustainability
Reads 0
Downloads 0

In the wake of a rapidly changing climate, climate services have enabled farmers in developing countries to make informed decisions, necessary for efficient food production. Climate services denote the timely production, translation, delivery and use of climate information to enhance decision-making. However, studies have failed to analyse the extent to which Indigenous farmers residing and producing their food in an environment degraded by multinational corporations (MNCs) utilise climate services. This study addresses this gap by analysing Indigenous farmers’ utilisation of climate services in Igbide, Olomoro and Uzere communities, in the oil-rich Niger Delta region of Nigeria. Focus group discussions and semi-structured interviews were used to obtain primary data. Findings suggest that although the activities of Shell British petroleum, a MNC, have compromised food production, other factors have fuelled farmers’ unwillingness to utilise climate services. These include their inability to access assets that can significantly scale up food production and lack of weather stations close to their communities needed to generate downscaled forecasts, amongst others. This paper argues that failure to address these issues may stifle the chances of actualising the first and second sustainable development goals (no poverty and zero hunger) by 2030 in the aforementioned communities.

ACS Style

Eromose Ebhuoma; Mulala Simatele; Llewellyn Leonard; Osadolor Ebhuoma; Felix Donkor; Henry Tantoh. Theorising Indigenous Farmers’ Utilisation of Climate Services: Lessons from the Oil-Rich Niger Delta. Sustainability 2020, 12, 7349 .

AMA Style

Eromose Ebhuoma, Mulala Simatele, Llewellyn Leonard, Osadolor Ebhuoma, Felix Donkor, Henry Tantoh. Theorising Indigenous Farmers’ Utilisation of Climate Services: Lessons from the Oil-Rich Niger Delta. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (18):7349.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Eromose Ebhuoma; Mulala Simatele; Llewellyn Leonard; Osadolor Ebhuoma; Felix Donkor; Henry Tantoh. 2020. "Theorising Indigenous Farmers’ Utilisation of Climate Services: Lessons from the Oil-Rich Niger Delta." Sustainability 12, no. 18: 7349.

Research article
Published: 12 August 2020 in Journal of Risk Research
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Although the significance of scientific expertise is often proposed and empirically illustrated in academic literature, it is still unclear how environmental expertise becomes authoritative, and how its legitimacy can be challenged. In order to understand the interplay between scientific expertise and civil society engagement, this paper examines how industrial scientific expertise has worked with surrounding communities and civil society to inform scientific decisions, and for the co-creation of scientific knowledge formations. A particular case is analysed, that of the South Durban Industrial Basin in KwaZulu-Natal. This area comprises a mixed use of residential areas juxtaposed with heavy industries. Scientific expertise, especially within the industrial sectors, is therefore important in the prevention, alleviation and management of risks to residents, society and the environment. The study finds that there is poor engagement between scientific expertise with communities and civil society, not least when it comes to environmental issues. A reason for this is poor governance, enforcement and leadership with an overriding objective of industrial expansion for economic development by both government and industry. Another reason is that, with a few exceptions, the communities have mainly been concerned about socio-economic issues. This has resulted in a double bind, where scientific expertise and government have not shared environmental information with civil society at the same as the civil society, has not on the whole requested it.

ACS Style

Llewellyn Leonard; Rolf Lidskog. Industrial scientific expertise and civil society engagement: reflexive scientisation in the South Durban Industrial Basin, South Africa. Journal of Risk Research 2020, 1 -14.

AMA Style

Llewellyn Leonard, Rolf Lidskog. Industrial scientific expertise and civil society engagement: reflexive scientisation in the South Durban Industrial Basin, South Africa. Journal of Risk Research. 2020; ():1-14.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Llewellyn Leonard; Rolf Lidskog. 2020. "Industrial scientific expertise and civil society engagement: reflexive scientisation in the South Durban Industrial Basin, South Africa." Journal of Risk Research , no. : 1-14.

Article
Published: 17 May 2020 in GeoJournal
Reads 0
Downloads 0

In March 2012, the Nigerian meteorological agency forecasted massive flooding for parts of the country, with the displacement of large parts of the population as a consequence. Delta State in southern Nigeria was earmarked as a region expected to be adversely affected by the anticipated flood. Despite the Nigerian Emergency Management Agency (NEMA)—which is tasked with disaster management—sending out early warnings, the flood wreaked devastating havoc in most rural communities in the Delta State. In this regard, this article seeks to highlight the reasons why indigenous farmers in the Delta State were adversely affected by the flood despite timely early warnings. Primary data were obtained from respondents in Igbide, Uzere, and Olomoro communities using group discussions and semi-structured interviews. Also, open-ended questionnaires were administered to agricultural extension officers in the aforementioned communities. Using systems thinking analysis, NEMA’s inability to utilize indigenous communication channels was a major factor that contributed to the failure of early warnings to trigger proactive behaviors. With increased flood episodes anticipated to become the new normal in southern Nigeria by 2050, this article conceptualizes a framework for communicating flood warnings to indigenous farmers in the Delta State by building on shortcomings of the 2012 flood warnings. In so doing, this article contributes to the discourse on effective ways of communicating weather warnings to indigenous farmers in developing countries.

ACS Style

Eromose Ebhuoma; Llewellyn Leonard. An operational framework for communicating flood warnings to indigenous farmers in southern Nigeria: a systems thinking analysis. GeoJournal 2020, 1 -18.

AMA Style

Eromose Ebhuoma, Llewellyn Leonard. An operational framework for communicating flood warnings to indigenous farmers in southern Nigeria: a systems thinking analysis. GeoJournal. 2020; ():1-18.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Eromose Ebhuoma; Llewellyn Leonard. 2020. "An operational framework for communicating flood warnings to indigenous farmers in southern Nigeria: a systems thinking analysis." GeoJournal , no. : 1-18.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2020 in Cogent Social Sciences
Reads 0
Downloads 0
ACS Style

Eromose E. Ebhuoma; Felix K. Donkor; Osadolor O. Ebhuoma; Llewellyn Leonard; Henry B. Tantoh. Subsistence farmers’ differential vulnerability to drought in Mpumalanga province, South Africa: Under the political ecology spotlight. Cogent Social Sciences 2020, 6, 1 .

AMA Style

Eromose E. Ebhuoma, Felix K. Donkor, Osadolor O. Ebhuoma, Llewellyn Leonard, Henry B. Tantoh. Subsistence farmers’ differential vulnerability to drought in Mpumalanga province, South Africa: Under the political ecology spotlight. Cogent Social Sciences. 2020; 6 (1):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Eromose E. Ebhuoma; Felix K. Donkor; Osadolor O. Ebhuoma; Llewellyn Leonard; Henry B. Tantoh. 2020. "Subsistence farmers’ differential vulnerability to drought in Mpumalanga province, South Africa: Under the political ecology spotlight." Cogent Social Sciences 6, no. 1: 1.

Journal article
Published: 29 November 2019 in International Journal of Tourism Cities
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to question the extent to which Sub-Saharan African cities are progressing towards promoting pro-poor economies through pro-poor tourism (PPT). It specifically examines how African cities are resilient towards attaining sustainable urban tourism destinations in light of high urbanization. Design/methodology/approach The methodological framework is interpretive in nature and qualitative in an operational form. It uses meta-synthesis to evaluate the causal relationships observed within Sub-Saharan African pro-poor economies to enhance PPT approaches, using Accra, Ghana, Johannesburg, South Africa, and Harare, Zimbabwe, as case studies. Findings Tourism development in Sub-Saharan Africa has been dominantly underpinned by neoliberal development strategies which threaten the sustainability of tourism in African cities. Research limitations/implications The study is limited to three Sub-Saharan African countries. Further studies may need to be done in other developing countries. Practical implications It argues for good governance through sustainability institutionalization which strengthens the regulative mechanisms, processes and organizational culture. Inclusive tourism approaches that are resilient-centered have the potential to promote urban tourism in Sub-Saharan African cities. These findings contribute to the building of strong and inclusive Institutions for Sustainable Development in the Sub-Saharan African cities to alleviate poverty. Social implications These findings contribute to the building of strong and inclusive institutions for sustainable development in the Sub-Saharan African cities to alleviate poverty. Originality/value The “poor” are always within the communities, and it takes a community to minimise the impact of poverty among the populace. The study is conducted at a pertinent time when most African government’s development policies are pro-poor driven. Though African cities provide opportunities of growth, they are regarded as centres of high inequality.

ACS Style

Regis Musavengane; Pius Siakwah; Llewellyn Leonard. “Does the poor matter” in pro-poor driven sub-Saharan African cities? towards progressive and inclusive pro-poor tourism. International Journal of Tourism Cities 2019, 5, 392 -411.

AMA Style

Regis Musavengane, Pius Siakwah, Llewellyn Leonard. “Does the poor matter” in pro-poor driven sub-Saharan African cities? towards progressive and inclusive pro-poor tourism. International Journal of Tourism Cities. 2019; 5 (3):392-411.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Regis Musavengane; Pius Siakwah; Llewellyn Leonard. 2019. "“Does the poor matter” in pro-poor driven sub-Saharan African cities? towards progressive and inclusive pro-poor tourism." International Journal of Tourism Cities 5, no. 3: 392-411.

Articles
Published: 19 November 2019 in African Geographical Review
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Inadequate water supply is one of the greatest current and growing global challenges particularly in rural communities of the developing world. Part of the challenge has been the ineffective water legislation and policies contributing to poor water management and governance. This study investigates policy and institutional responses of community-based water supply management in Cameroon. Using secondary data and empirical evidence collected through participatory research, it was found that the management of rural water systems in Northwest Cameroon is challenged by uncoordinated policies and failed institutions. The study also revealed that there is continuous top-down management of natural resources despite the guise of decentralization of management responsibilities to rural communities and institutions. The paper argues that the efficacy of rural water supply will always be compromised unless rural communities and community-based organizations are involved and engaged indecision-making processes and project implementation that affect them, or in which they have an interest

ACS Style

Henry Bikwibili Tantoh; Llewellyn Leonard; Mulala Danny Simatele. Strengthening the scaffolds of community flexibility: policy and institutional response to the rural water supply and sustainability challenge. African Geographical Review 2019, 39, 208 -223.

AMA Style

Henry Bikwibili Tantoh, Llewellyn Leonard, Mulala Danny Simatele. Strengthening the scaffolds of community flexibility: policy and institutional response to the rural water supply and sustainability challenge. African Geographical Review. 2019; 39 (3):208-223.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Henry Bikwibili Tantoh; Llewellyn Leonard; Mulala Danny Simatele. 2019. "Strengthening the scaffolds of community flexibility: policy and institutional response to the rural water supply and sustainability challenge." African Geographical Review 39, no. 3: 208-223.

Research article
Published: 19 September 2019 in Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Sub-Saharan Africa is set to increase its tourism sector in urban areas. However, its cities are also settings for numerous struggles over future developments coupled with excess urban risks. The nexus created by the relationship between urbanization, urban growth, urban governance, poverty and inequality, and ecological degradation is altering the sustainability of urban tourism in Sub-Saharan African cities. Inspired by the United Nations’ 2030 Sustainable Development Goal 11; making cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable, this study critically analyses the linkages between risk, justice, inclusion, trust and power relations in urban spaces with the aim to strengthen tourism governance in Sub-Saharan African urban settings. Document analysis is adopted to draw evidence and critically analyse the sustainability of tourism in the three Sub-Saharan cities: Accra, Ghana; Johannesburg, South Africa; and Harare, Zimbabwe. The study reveals that tourism development in Africa is dominantly underpinned by neoliberal development strategies which threaten the sustainability of tourism in African cities. It, therefore, argues for good governance through strong sustainability institutions which strengthen the regulative mechanisms, processes and organizational culture which empowers local communities. Sustainable tourism approaches that are resilient centred have a potential to promote urban tourism in Sub-Saharan African cities.

ACS Style

Regis Musavengane; Pius Siakwah; Llewellyn Leonard. The nexus between tourism and urban risk: Towards inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable outdoor tourism in African cities. Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism 2019, 29, 100254 .

AMA Style

Regis Musavengane, Pius Siakwah, Llewellyn Leonard. The nexus between tourism and urban risk: Towards inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable outdoor tourism in African cities. Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism. 2019; 29 ():100254.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Regis Musavengane; Pius Siakwah; Llewellyn Leonard. 2019. "The nexus between tourism and urban risk: Towards inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable outdoor tourism in African cities." Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism 29, no. : 100254.

Journal article
Published: 15 May 2019 in Land Use Policy
Reads 0
Downloads 0

In South Africa, proposals for mining are becoming increasingly situated in rural areas, with communities impacted negatively by local resource extraction due to environmental and social impacts. Unfortunately, traditional leadership structures have largely posed a barrier towards inclusion of local community concerns/decisions over mining development, with collusion between traditional leaders and mining companies. Although there has been some information surrounding traditional leaders approving mining developments on communal lands and with no local community participation, there has been limited case studies and academic discourse to examine the micro politics of the interaction between leaders, the mining corporations, government and local communities, including external traditional leadership forces outside the community influencing mining developments. This paper will focus on the rural community of Fuleni, Northern KwaZulu-Natal, which is being targeted for mining development by Ibutho Coal mining. It will also examine the role of the traditional leadership in engaging local community concerns against mining development. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with key informants (community and civil society organisations providing support to residents). Corruption between the local traditional leadership council and the mining company influenced the lack of inclusion of the local community concerns over mining development. Corruption was also found within the ward leadership council, the Ingonyama Trust Board and with the Zulu King, which therefore perpetuated local traditional leadership mining corruption. Additionally, whereas during apartheid the state used the traditional chiefs as ‘representative’ of the people to legitimise decisions made, the new democracy has seen a continuation of this practice, but with mining, conglomerates exercising more control over the government and traditional chiefs to ensure mining development

ACS Style

Llewellyn Leonard. Traditional leadership, community participation and mining development in South Africa: The case of Fuleni, Saint Lucia, KwaZulu-Natal. Land Use Policy 2019, 86, 290 -298.

AMA Style

Llewellyn Leonard. Traditional leadership, community participation and mining development in South Africa: The case of Fuleni, Saint Lucia, KwaZulu-Natal. Land Use Policy. 2019; 86 ():290-298.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Llewellyn Leonard. 2019. "Traditional leadership, community participation and mining development in South Africa: The case of Fuleni, Saint Lucia, KwaZulu-Natal." Land Use Policy 86, no. : 290-298.

Articles
Published: 16 April 2019 in Tourism Planning & Development
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Inclusiveness that improves tourism governance is significant for development if benefits from tourism are distributed equitably. Declaration of 2017 as the International Year of Sustainable Tourism and adoption of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) have seemingly brought tourism to the forefront of development even where the SDGs have limited tourism focus. This paper examines how tourism governance is poorly applied in Africa. It interrogates the challenges of integrating tourism governance, mining, and conservation within the SDGs framework in Africa. Sustainable tourism governance frameworks have not comprehensively inculcated trust, justice, social capital, power, and participation. Using mining and conservation in South Africa and Zimbabwe respectively, it analyses how mining affects sustainability, as actors in tourism are unable to conserve and protect tourism sites. Achieving the SDGs requires collaboration between international actors, governments, the private sector, and locals in an inclusive governance based on justice, inclusion trust and equitable power relations.

ACS Style

Pius Siakwah; Regis Musavengane; Llewellyn Leonard. Tourism Governance and Attainment of the Sustainable Development Goals in Africa. Tourism Planning & Development 2019, 17, 355 -383.

AMA Style

Pius Siakwah, Regis Musavengane, Llewellyn Leonard. Tourism Governance and Attainment of the Sustainable Development Goals in Africa. Tourism Planning & Development. 2019; 17 (4):355-383.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Pius Siakwah; Regis Musavengane; Llewellyn Leonard. 2019. "Tourism Governance and Attainment of the Sustainable Development Goals in Africa." Tourism Planning & Development 17, no. 4: 355-383.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2019 in Conservation and Society
Reads 0
Downloads 0
ACS Style

Regis Musavengane; Llewellyn Leonard. When Race and Social Equity Matters in Nature Conservation in Post-apartheid South Africa. Conservation and Society 2019, 17, 135 .

AMA Style

Regis Musavengane, Llewellyn Leonard. When Race and Social Equity Matters in Nature Conservation in Post-apartheid South Africa. Conservation and Society. 2019; 17 (2):135.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Regis Musavengane; Llewellyn Leonard. 2019. "When Race and Social Equity Matters in Nature Conservation in Post-apartheid South Africa." Conservation and Society 17, no. 2: 135.

Journal article
Published: 07 December 2018 in Social Sciences
Reads 0
Downloads 0

During Apartheid, the mining industry operated without restraint and compromised the ecology, the health of mining workers, and local communities. The lines between the mining industry and government was often unclear with the former influencing government decisions to favour uncontrolled operations. Although new post-Apartheid regulations were designed to control negative mining impacts, the mining industry and the state still have a close relationship. Limited academic research has empirically examined how mining corporations influence democracy in South Africa. Through empirical investigation focusing on Dullstroom, Mpumalanga and St. Lucia, KwaZulu-Natal, this paper examines how mining corporations, directly and indirectly, influence democratic processes at the macro state and micro community levels. At the macro level, this includes examining mining companies influencing government decision-making and enforcement to hold mines accountable for non-compliance. At the micro level, the paper examines mining companies influencing democratic processes at the local community level to get mining developments approved. Findings reveal that political connections between the mining industry and government, including collusion between mining corporations and local community leadership, have influenced mining approval and development, whilst excluding local communities from decision-making processes. Industrial manipulation has also influenced government in holding corporations accountable. This has contributed towards not fully addressing citizen concerns over mining development. Democracy in post-Apartheid South Africa, especially for mining development is, therefore, understood in the narrow sense and exposures the realities of the ruling party embracing capitalism. Despite challenges, civil society may provide the avenue for upholding democratic values to counter mining domination and for an enabling political settlement environment.

ACS Style

Llewellyn Leonard. Mining Corporations, Democratic Meddling, and Environmental Justice in South Africa. Social Sciences 2018, 7, 259 .

AMA Style

Llewellyn Leonard. Mining Corporations, Democratic Meddling, and Environmental Justice in South Africa. Social Sciences. 2018; 7 (12):259.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Llewellyn Leonard. 2018. "Mining Corporations, Democratic Meddling, and Environmental Justice in South Africa." Social Sciences 7, no. 12: 259.

Chapter
Published: 04 October 2018 in The Geography of Central Asia
Reads 0
Downloads 0

In contemporary South Africa, environmental justice is a critical question for geographers. It is argued in this chapter that whilst new civil society leadership has emerged to address environmental justice concerns in the post-apartheid period, these have not been effective in formulating an emerging ‘environmental justice framework’ by way of a coherent ideology to collectively address social and environmental risks for more effective civil society actions against macroeconomic risks. This chapter explores selected case studies to examine how leadership in social and environmental struggles has unfolded, and for joint actions. Results indicate that leadership for an emerging environmental justice framework is restricted by individualised and self-interested leaderships, undermining engagement for collective actions both within and across the social and environmental arenas. It is observed that leadership will be vital in advancing local struggles, and also ensuring expansion and connection of struggles beyond localities, but will require negotiation between leaderships on convergence.

ACS Style

Llewellyn Leonard. Towards a Broader Conceptualisation of Environmental Justice in South Africa. The Geography of Central Asia 2018, 279 -284.

AMA Style

Llewellyn Leonard. Towards a Broader Conceptualisation of Environmental Justice in South Africa. The Geography of Central Asia. 2018; ():279-284.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Llewellyn Leonard. 2018. "Towards a Broader Conceptualisation of Environmental Justice in South Africa." The Geography of Central Asia , no. : 279-284.

Research article
Published: 29 August 2018 in Sustainable Development
Reads 0
Downloads 0

South Africa presents a unique case for mining development and impacts on sustainability because the lines between the mining industry and the state are unclear and due to the increasing inequality between citizens. This questions the potential for citizens to hold mining industries (and government) accountable for environmental abuse. This paper examines the ability of civil society actors to take action against (coal) mining development by way of social capital collective actions in the natural tourist destination in Dullstroom. Semistructured interviews were conducted with various social actors and are reported in this paper. The paper highlights that local responses to engage in social capital against mining development for local sustainability are best understood in relation to the socio‐economic and political positioning of individuals and ethnic groups. Overall, class and race differences, a tough farming environment, and perceptions and priorities of mining versus tourism jobs undermined capacity for social capital to act against mining risks. There is a need for social capital bridging and linking ties to protect the environment for tourism growth and long‐term human‐environment sustainability.

ACS Style

Llewellyn Leonard. Examining civil society social capital relations against mining development for local sustainability: The case of Dullstroom, Mpumulanga, South Africa. Sustainable Development 2018, 27, 289 -295.

AMA Style

Llewellyn Leonard. Examining civil society social capital relations against mining development for local sustainability: The case of Dullstroom, Mpumulanga, South Africa. Sustainable Development. 2018; 27 (3):289-295.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Llewellyn Leonard. 2018. "Examining civil society social capital relations against mining development for local sustainability: The case of Dullstroom, Mpumulanga, South Africa." Sustainable Development 27, no. 3: 289-295.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2018 in International Journal of Environment and Sustainable Development
Reads 0
Downloads 0

This paper explores the potential to converge the theory of political ecology with the environmental justice discipline as means to promote more effective civil society actions against macro-economic risks, whilst analysing the case of South Africa. Such a convergence could result in mutual benefit for both arenas that already share a commitment towards justice. Whilst political ecology has focused on theoretical perspectives, which are mostly applied in rural areas, and examined justice in a larger macro-economic framework, environmental justice has been confined to an empirical focus at a local urban level, which is unable to link local struggles to larger political economic frameworks. Additionally, both arenas generally view civil society as coherent entities that act against the state and industry. Both disciplines should re-evaluate geographic scales and reconfigure romanticised understandings of civil society actions in order to attain justice.

ACS Style

Llewellyn Leonard. Converging political ecology and environmental justice disciplines for more effective civil society actions against macro-economic risks: the case of South Africa. International Journal of Environment and Sustainable Development 2018, 17, 1 .

AMA Style

Llewellyn Leonard. Converging political ecology and environmental justice disciplines for more effective civil society actions against macro-economic risks: the case of South Africa. International Journal of Environment and Sustainable Development. 2018; 17 (1):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Llewellyn Leonard. 2018. "Converging political ecology and environmental justice disciplines for more effective civil society actions against macro-economic risks: the case of South Africa." International Journal of Environment and Sustainable Development 17, no. 1: 1.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2018 in International Journal of Environment and Sustainable Development
Reads 0
Downloads 0

International publishers of academic, scientific and professional journals since 1979.

ACS Style

Llewellyn Leonard. Converging political ecology and environmental justice disciplines for more effective civil society actions against macro-economic risks: the case of South Africa. International Journal of Environment and Sustainable Development 2018, 17, 1 .

AMA Style

Llewellyn Leonard. Converging political ecology and environmental justice disciplines for more effective civil society actions against macro-economic risks: the case of South Africa. International Journal of Environment and Sustainable Development. 2018; 17 (1):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Llewellyn Leonard. 2018. "Converging political ecology and environmental justice disciplines for more effective civil society actions against macro-economic risks: the case of South Africa." International Journal of Environment and Sustainable Development 17, no. 1: 1.