(1) Background: Although parental behavior is known to be an important source of influence, relatively few studies have examined the factors possibly contributing parental stressors as being directly related to their children’s sport socialization. The present study explored the relative importance of related parental stressors and the associations between these stressors and various types of parental involvement. (2) Method: A total of 1260 parents completed an online form including demographic questions, questions on their children’s sport participation, and three self-report measures (PSSS, PISQ, and PASSES). (3) Results: The results revealed that the multiple linear regression models for overall parental stress were statistically significant. The significant predictors were the parent’s educational level, the child’s current stage of sports participation, and the child’s sport injury (or the lack thereof). Furthermore, the stressors perceived by parents were positively associated with parental direct behavior and pressure. (4) Conclusions: Parents are under more stress as their child’s stages of sport development increases, if their child has already had a sports injury, and the parents’ directive behavior and experienced stress were significantly associated. The obtained results expand the existing knowledge of the complexity of parents’ importance in children’s sports careers.
The present study reports the first validation outside North America of the Hungarian adaptation of the Efficacy Scale to Coach Gay, Lesbian, and Bisexual Athletes (ES). A convenience sample of 346 Hungarian coaches and physical education teachers (50.7% female; Male = 36.6 years, SD = 13.7), recruited through social media and email, completed the 20-item ES alongside the Modern Homonegativity Scale and the Mental Health Test. Confirmatory factor analysis supported the unidimensional structure of the scale with acceptable to strong fit indices (χ2(147) = 322.73, CFI = 0.94, TLI = 0.93, SRMR = 0.05, RMSEA = 0.07, 90% CI [0.06, 0.08]). Internal consistency was excellent (Cronbach’s α = 0.96, CR = 0.94), while the average variance extracted (AVE = 0.46) was marginally below the recommended threshold. Evidence of construct validity was provided by positive associations with well-being (r = 0.26), savoring (r = 0.20), creative–executive efficacy (r = 0.30), and resilience (r = 0.26), and a negative association with homonegativity (r = −0.21). Given that Hungary is among the most homonegativity-disposed countries in Europe, this instrument provides an important tool for research on inclusive coaching in a challenging sociocultural context. Limitations and directions for future research are discussed.