The triazole pesticide is an organic nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compound with a 1,2,3-Triazole ring. In order to develop a potential glucosamine-6-phosphate synthase (GlmS) inhibitor bactericide, 18 triazole-derivative compounds were synthesized efficiently. In addition, these compounds have not been reported in the literature. The structure was confirmed by high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS), ${}^1$H NMR and ${}^{13}$C NMR. The potential use of the most promising derivatives has been investigated by testing their antifungal activity and enzyme inhibitory activity, revealing inhibitory activities in the low micromolar range. Among them, the antifungal effects of compounds 1e, 1f, 1g, 2e, 2f, and 2g on Sclerotinia sclerotiorum were particularly significant, all of which were above 83%. These compounds will be further investigated as potential antifungal lead compounds. Their structure–activity relationships are discussed based on the effects of substituted phenyl groups on compounds.

RNA interference (RNAi) provides a sequence-specific strategy for pest management, but efficient and stable double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) delivery remains a key challenge. Here, we established a plant-probiotic-based gene silencing system using the endophytic fungus Fusarium commune G3-29 as a dsRNA delivery vector against western flower thrips (WFTs, Frankliniella occidentalis). Recombinant G3-29 strains expressing dsRNA targeting the essential WFT genes ACT and SNF were constructed and confirmed to colonize kidney bean leaves without pathogenicity. Bioassays showed that feeding on leaves colonized by dsRNA-expressing G3-29 significantly decreased survival and downregulated target gene expression in both WFT larvae and adults. Within 4 days, survival of both larvae and adults fell below 10%. In larvae, target gene expression decreased by 63% (ACT) and 33% (SNF), while in adults, reductions of 74% (ACT) and 65% (SNF) were observed. In contrast, in vitro-synthesized dsRNA failed to induce significant gene silencing or mortality in larvae, and its control efficacy against adults was also inferior to that of endophytic fungus-mediated dsRNA delivery. Our findings establish endophytic fungus F. commune G3-29 as an effective and sustainable dsRNA delivery vehicle for RNAi-based pest control, offering distinct advantages over existing strategies such as HIGS and SIGS. This approach provides a promising new direction for managing WFTs and other insect pests.