Introduction. Pseudomesotheliomatous lung carcinoma is a special, rare entity characterized by large pleural growth and minor invasion of lung tissue. Clinically, radiologicaly, macroscopically and even histologically this tumor can be misdiagnosed as malignant pleural carcinoma. Case report. In this work we represent a 64-year old male patient, former smoker. Due to difficulties in form of dry cough, feeling of discomfort and pains in the right hemithorax, fatigue, heavy breathing, sweating, fever up to 39,6C he was treated as with combined antibiotic therapy of macrolides, cephalosporins and penicillin but without improving of his condition.Chest radiography showed a shadow of pleural effusion by the height of the front end of third right rib. Chest MSCT showed extremely thickened pleura apically and to the posterior along the upper right lobe in addition to existence of massive pleural effusion. A subpleural condensation od parenchyma ranging about 30 mm was described in the upper right lobe. Cytological analysis of the pleural effusion showed the presence of malignant cells which were impossible to differentiate whether they were metastasis of the adenocarcinoma or they were malignant pleural mesothelioma. Histohemical and immunohistohemical analysis of pleural sample a pseudomesotheliomatus lung adenocarcinoma was diagnosed. Conclusion. Pseudomesotheliomatus carcinoma of the lungs can be a diagnostic problem. Diagnosis of pseudomesotheliomatous carcinoma of the lungs is based on recognition of histopathological characteristics which enable its’ discernment from the epithelial variant of malignant pleural mesothelioma.

In the world as we know it, at the time of writing this paper, it is unimaginable for us to live, do business, communicate, socialize, or rest, without using some resource of the “cyber world”. Which resource we use the most, out of all the resources on offer, (digitally literate people, academically educated people in the field of digitalization, a home „flooded“ with digital devices, a business environment based on digitalization...) - it is difficult to decide. And is such an environment safe, ethically, morally and legally acceptable, is this environment exactly the environment that encourages us to develop and research or is it an environment that creates “digital slaves” of us, is this the environment that we want for our descendants? And this is a question that provokes many contradictory views. That is why the authors decided to provide answers to the questions posed above and contribute to resolving the aforementioned dilemmas. Namely, managing micro or macro communities with the help of digitalization can be considered a great relief. However, the issue of the security of such management and the community managed in this way remains questionable. Therefore, the main goal of this paper is to provide answers, with the help of scientific 488 ”Challenges of Digitalization in the Green Economy” Belgrade, October 30th, 2025 methods, to the questions of who prevails: sustainable development or cyberspace - is digitalization our chance for success or the fear that paralyzes us? Our society is capable of noticing all the benefits and positive effects of digitalization, but is it aware and capable of recognizing and analyzing the dangers that come with it? With the help of scientific methods, the paper provides answers and clarifies the previously mentioned dilemmas, with an explanation of the most common risks and dangers that occur in our country and in neighboring countries, but also, in the last part of the paper, recommendations and advice for improving the functioning of the researched area are provided.

Introduction: Tuberculous aneurysm of the thoracic aorta (TBAA) is an extremely rare but potentially fatal manifestation of tuberculosis (TB). Clinical presentation may include hemoptysis in the absence of parenchymal lung abnormalities. Case report: We presented a 62-year-old male with cough, chest pain, and minimal hemoptysis. Diagnostic evaluation confirmed an aneurysm of the descending thoracic aorta at a site previously treated with endovascular repair, with no imaging findings suggestive of pulmonary TB. Bronchoscopy revealed blood in the main bronchi without an identifiable endobronchial source. The diagnosis of TB was established by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing of bronchial aspirate obtained during bronchoscopy. Emergency surgical intervention was recommended because of an impending aortic rupture, but the patient declined surgery. Standard antituberculous therapy was initiated, and the patient subsequently developed drug-induced liver injury, prompting temporary cessation of treatment. The clinical course was later complicated by the development of an aortoesophageal fistula (AEF), with significant implications for prognosis. Conclusions: Early recognition of TBAA, along with a multidisciplinary approach that integrates advanced diagnostic modalities, timely vascular intervention, and carefully managed antituberculous therapy, is essential to reduce mortality and optimize treatment outcomes.

Introduction. Lung cancer is one of leading causes of mortality. Disease progression and advanced disease are characterized with unprotective immune response due to M2 macrophage polarization, MDSC activity, cytokine imbalance and regulatory T lymphocyte activity. Material and methods. We have investigated principal Th1/Th2 cytokines and CD14+B7H4+ monocyte number in blood and tumor microcirculation samples of 41 lung cancer patients (III and IV clinical stage) and 30 controls. Aim. To investigate association between Th1/Th2 cytokines and CD14+B7H4+ monocyte number in LC patients. Results. Concentration of investigated cytokines in all patients vs heathy controls did not differ significantly. Stratification in groups according to tumor histology, disease extent and tumor size revealed significant differences. LC patients with different histology type demonstrated significant differences, both in serum and microcirculation samples. Presence of metastasis was associated with increased IFN-g/IL-4 in blood and increased IL-13 in tumor microcirculation samples. Tumor microcirculation samples of the largest tumors was characterized with Th2 cytokine profile. Investigation of CD14+B7H4+ Mo in blood samples demonstrated significant association of extreme value of this cell population with elevated IL-2/IL-13. Patients with the highest CD14+B7H4+ number in tumor microcirculation samples demonstrated significant increment of IL-4, IL-13, IL-10, and TGF-b1. Conclusion. LC patients demonstrated polarization of cytokine response associated with microenvironment origin, tumor histology type, tumor size and disease extent. The highest number of CD14+ B7H4+ monocytes is significantly associated with Th2 cytokine profile.