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Jin-Seok Lee
Energy Conversion and Storage Materials Laboratory, Korea Institute of Energy Research, Daejeon 305-343, Republic of Korea

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Journal article
Published: 28 June 2021 in Journal of Crystal Growth
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When continuous silicon ingot casting is performed using directional solidification—a metallurgical refining method for producing high-purity silicon ingots—the thermal stress and microstructure inside the ingots must be monitored for ensuring the desired yield and purity. This study determined the temperature gradient and thermal stress during silicon ingot casting by applying various controlled parameters to the process simulation. Our results indicate that the temperature gradient influences the thermal stress generated during casting; reducing the temperature gradient can help reduce the thermal stress. The ingot exhibited the lowest thermal stress at an electron beam (E-beam) power of 6 kW, an ingot growth rate of 0.02 mm/min, and a molten silicon level of −10 mm. Quasi-single crystalline silicon ingot was produced via crystal growth simulation under thermal stress-minimizing conditions with single-crystalline seed. The quasi-single crystalline silicon ingot maintained the [0 0 1] grain orientation and the purity increased from 2N to 7N6.

ACS Style

Jun-Kyu Lee; Young-Soo Ahn; Jeong-Gu Yeo; Gi-Hwan Kang; Jin-Seok Lee. Numerical study on stress control of silicon ingot for photovoltaic applications. Journal of Crystal Growth 2021, 570, 126239 .

AMA Style

Jun-Kyu Lee, Young-Soo Ahn, Jeong-Gu Yeo, Gi-Hwan Kang, Jin-Seok Lee. Numerical study on stress control of silicon ingot for photovoltaic applications. Journal of Crystal Growth. 2021; 570 ():126239.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jun-Kyu Lee; Young-Soo Ahn; Jeong-Gu Yeo; Gi-Hwan Kang; Jin-Seok Lee. 2021. "Numerical study on stress control of silicon ingot for photovoltaic applications." Journal of Crystal Growth 570, no. : 126239.

Journal article
Published: 03 July 2019 in Sustainability
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Methanesulfonic acid (MSA) is used to recover silver (Ag) from solar cells by adding an oxidizing agent. It is possible to regenerate by substituting of H+ for Ag+, and thus it can be reused for additional reactions. However, MSA is highly hygroscopic, and as an oxidizing agent can easily decompose in the acidic environment during Ag extraction, leading to dilution due to the formation of H2O. This H2O in the MSA solution hinders the Ag extraction. In this study, we present a fractional distillation process for restoring the reactivity of reused MSA solutions by reducing the H2O content. Our results showed that the reactivity of the separated MSA was restored and Ag could be recovered from the solar cell.

ACS Style

Jun-Kyu Lee; Jin-Seok Lee; Young-Soo Ahn; Gi-Hwan Kang. Restoring the Reactivity of Organic Acid Solution Used for Silver Recovery from Solar Cells by Fractional Distillation. Sustainability 2019, 11, 3659 .

AMA Style

Jun-Kyu Lee, Jin-Seok Lee, Young-Soo Ahn, Gi-Hwan Kang. Restoring the Reactivity of Organic Acid Solution Used for Silver Recovery from Solar Cells by Fractional Distillation. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (13):3659.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jun-Kyu Lee; Jin-Seok Lee; Young-Soo Ahn; Gi-Hwan Kang. 2019. "Restoring the Reactivity of Organic Acid Solution Used for Silver Recovery from Solar Cells by Fractional Distillation." Sustainability 11, no. 13: 3659.

Journal article
Published: 02 November 2018 in Applied Sciences
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We present electrowinning of silver (Ag) from crystalline silicon (c-Si) solar cells using a solution of methanesulfonic acid (MSA) as the electrolyte. Ag dissolved effectively in MSA because of its high solubility in MSA; however, the electrochemical recovery of Ag from MSA solutions was found to be inefficient because of the low mobility of Ag ions in MSA, owing to its high viscosity. Therefore, we decreased the viscosity of MSA by adding deionized (DI) water, as a possible method for enhancing the mobility of Ag ions. The concentrations of added DI water were 0, 1.1, 5.0, 9.3, and 20.8 M, respectively. Further, we performed cyclic voltammetry for each solution to calculate the diffusion coefficient using the Randles–Sevcik equation, and analyzed the viscosity of MSA solutions depending on the concentration of added water using a rheometer. The morphologies of the electrochemically recovered Ag particles changed with variations in the amount of the added water, from branch-like structures to dendritic structures with a decreasing size. Moreover, the cathodic current efficiency increased considerably with increasing concentration of the added DI water. Finally, we recovered Ag with >99.9% (3N) purity from c-Si solar cells by electrowinning, as determined by glow discharge mass spectrometry.

ACS Style

Jun-Kyu Lee; Jin-Seok Lee; Young-Soo Ahn; Gi-Hwan Kang. Efficient Recovery of Silver from Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells by Controlling the Viscosity of Electrolyte Solvent in an Electrochemical Process. Applied Sciences 2018, 8, 2131 .

AMA Style

Jun-Kyu Lee, Jin-Seok Lee, Young-Soo Ahn, Gi-Hwan Kang. Efficient Recovery of Silver from Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells by Controlling the Viscosity of Electrolyte Solvent in an Electrochemical Process. Applied Sciences. 2018; 8 (11):2131.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jun-Kyu Lee; Jin-Seok Lee; Young-Soo Ahn; Gi-Hwan Kang. 2018. "Efficient Recovery of Silver from Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells by Controlling the Viscosity of Electrolyte Solvent in an Electrochemical Process." Applied Sciences 8, no. 11: 2131.

Journal article
Published: 01 September 2018 in Key Engineering Materials
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As industry enters into high-tech society, the use of fossil energies is increasing. The demand of solar photovoltaic cell is increasing and according to this increase, the amount of waste photovoltaic cell will increase, too. However, compared to the increase of photovoltaic facility and technology, research about recycling method of waste photovoltaic cell is slow. Therefore, this study continued research to collect cooper and tin which are valuable metals from cooper ribbon electrode recovered from waste photovoltaic electrode. To effectively separate the coating layer when handling bulk of cooper ribbon electrode, heat treating furnace of hydrodynamic vibrating is developed and tin and cooper which are valuable metals are collected by using Hydro-metallurgical process used with nitric acid. The purity of cooper’s basic materials after heat treatment of hydrodynamic vibrating was 98.88wt.% and the purity of tin and cooper collected from the coating layer was measured as 98.07wt.% and 98.44wt.% each.

ACS Style

Jin Seok Lee; Young Soo Ahn; Gi Hwan Kang; Se Ho Ahn; Jei Pil Wang. Development of New Device and Process to Recover Valuable Materials from Spent Solar Module. Key Engineering Materials 2018, 780, 48 -56.

AMA Style

Jin Seok Lee, Young Soo Ahn, Gi Hwan Kang, Se Ho Ahn, Jei Pil Wang. Development of New Device and Process to Recover Valuable Materials from Spent Solar Module. Key Engineering Materials. 2018; 780 ():48-56.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jin Seok Lee; Young Soo Ahn; Gi Hwan Kang; Se Ho Ahn; Jei Pil Wang. 2018. "Development of New Device and Process to Recover Valuable Materials from Spent Solar Module." Key Engineering Materials 780, no. : 48-56.

Journal article
Published: 18 August 2018 in Thin Solid Films
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This study presents the electrorefining of Ag from a crystalline silicon solar cell in a silver nitrate (AgNO3) electrolyte solution at 25 °C and an evaluation of the morphology and cathodic efficiency. The equilibrium potential was determined by cyclic voltammetry in order to calculate the cathodic overpotential. Pure Ag deposits with a single phase, as defined by X-ray diffractometry, could be obtained from all experiments with cathodic efficiencies in the range 89.5–95%. The morphology of the Ag particles recovered on the cathode changed from granules to dendrites with increasing applied current density. Granular particles were observed under applied current densities of 1 and 3 mA cm−2. Meanwhile, dendritic particles were formed at higher applied current densities of 5, 7, and 10 mA cm−2. Cathodic efficiency tended to decrease because of hydrogen coevolution and dendritic growth during electrorefining at higher applied current densities. The critical overpotential was calculated in order to find the optimal cathode overpotential to obtain high-purity Ag deposits with high cathodic efficiency.

ACS Style

Jun-Kyu Lee; Jin-Seok Lee; Young-Soo Ahn; Gi-Hwan Kang. Effect of current density on morphology of silver thin film recovered from crystalline silicon solar cell by electrochemical process. Thin Solid Films 2018, 663, 143 -147.

AMA Style

Jun-Kyu Lee, Jin-Seok Lee, Young-Soo Ahn, Gi-Hwan Kang. Effect of current density on morphology of silver thin film recovered from crystalline silicon solar cell by electrochemical process. Thin Solid Films. 2018; 663 ():143-147.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jun-Kyu Lee; Jin-Seok Lee; Young-Soo Ahn; Gi-Hwan Kang. 2018. "Effect of current density on morphology of silver thin film recovered from crystalline silicon solar cell by electrochemical process." Thin Solid Films 663, no. : 143-147.

Journal article
Published: 01 May 2018 in Science of Advanced Materials
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This study focused on recovery and purification of silver (Ag) from photovoltaic ribbon in spent solar module by means of oxidation, vacuum distillation and zone-melting methods. To begin with, oxidation process was first conducted at the temperature range of 300 °C to 900 °C to remove coating layer containing tin (Sn), lead (Pb) and silver (Ag). After oxidation, the oxidized coating layer consisting of lead of 68.99 wt.% and tin of 31.21 wt.% was taken off from the substrate at room temperature. The chemical composition of oxide layer after oxidation was analyzed using ICP-MS (Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry). The silver contained in oxide layer was preferentially recovered by vacuum treatment under 3.73 × 10–3 torr at 1100 °C, which can be separated from tin and lead in oxide particles. Further process through zone-melting were consequently carried out fabricate high-purity silver and 4 N grade of silver (≥99.99%) was finally obtained.

ACS Style

Jin-Seok Lee; Young-Soo Ahn; Gi-Hwan Kang; Jei-Pil Wang. Recovery of Valuable Materials from Photovoltaic Ribbon in Spent Solar Module. Science of Advanced Materials 2018, 10, 597 -602.

AMA Style

Jin-Seok Lee, Young-Soo Ahn, Gi-Hwan Kang, Jei-Pil Wang. Recovery of Valuable Materials from Photovoltaic Ribbon in Spent Solar Module. Science of Advanced Materials. 2018; 10 (5):597-602.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jin-Seok Lee; Young-Soo Ahn; Gi-Hwan Kang; Jei-Pil Wang. 2018. "Recovery of Valuable Materials from Photovoltaic Ribbon in Spent Solar Module." Science of Advanced Materials 10, no. 5: 597-602.

Journal article
Published: 01 April 2018 in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Letters
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This study was conducted on the lead recovery from the PV ribbon in the waste photovoltaic module by vapor deposition method. The PV ribbon recovered from the photovoltaic module was treated with heat at 800 °C in CH4-reducing atmosphere because the surface was oxidized. The copper wire in the PV ribbon is coated with Pb and Sn, and by melting the coating layer from the copper wire, Cu, Pb and Sn alloy can be obtained. High-purity Pb, Cu, and Sn alloy was separated from Cu, Sn and Pb alloy by selectively recovering Pb from Cu, Sn and Pb alloy through vapor deposition method.

ACS Style

Jin-Seok Lee; Young-Soo Ahn; Gi-Hwan Kang; Hyun-Chul Son; Jei-Pil Wang. A Study on the Selective Recovery of Lead from Photovoltaic Ribbon by Vapor Deposition Method. Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Letters 2018, 10, 461 -466.

AMA Style

Jin-Seok Lee, Young-Soo Ahn, Gi-Hwan Kang, Hyun-Chul Son, Jei-Pil Wang. A Study on the Selective Recovery of Lead from Photovoltaic Ribbon by Vapor Deposition Method. Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Letters. 2018; 10 (4):461-466.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jin-Seok Lee; Young-Soo Ahn; Gi-Hwan Kang; Hyun-Chul Son; Jei-Pil Wang. 2018. "A Study on the Selective Recovery of Lead from Photovoltaic Ribbon by Vapor Deposition Method." Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Letters 10, no. 4: 461-466.

Research article
Published: 10 November 2017 in Progress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications
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This study presents an effective method for recovering unbroken solar cells from photovoltaic (PV) modules. The combustion process is effective at removing ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) in PV modules. However, the solar cell tends to break during the combustion process. We verify that the breakage mechanisms of the solar cell in the module are related to the thermal changes of EVA during the heat treatment process, that is, generated gases form bubbles behind the glass, and the thermal deformation of the rear EVA applies stress to the solar cell. This study investigates the simple pretreatments of glass cracking and EVA patterning to prevent the breakage behavior. An unbroken solar cell was successfully recovered from the module after complete EVA removal using the combustion process. The recovered solar cell was immersed in a mixed acid solution of HNO3 and HF to reclaim the crystalline silicon wafer, which subsequently underwent the solar cell manufacturing process. The PV performances of the solar cells based on the reclaimed wafer and a commercial wafer were evaluated and compared. The PV performance of the solar cell manufactured from the reclaimed wafer was measured at 18.5%, whereas that from the commercial wafer‐based solar cell was measured at 18.7%. Consequently, the considered pretreatment processes yielded solar cells acceptable for use in the PV industry.

ACS Style

Jun-Kyu Lee; Jin-Seok Lee; Young-Soo Ahn; Gi-Hwan Kang; Hee-Eun Song; Min-Gu Kang; Young-Hwan Kim; Churl-Hee Cho. Simple pretreatment processes for successful reclamation and remanufacturing of crystalline silicon solar cells. Progress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications 2017, 26, 179 -187.

AMA Style

Jun-Kyu Lee, Jin-Seok Lee, Young-Soo Ahn, Gi-Hwan Kang, Hee-Eun Song, Min-Gu Kang, Young-Hwan Kim, Churl-Hee Cho. Simple pretreatment processes for successful reclamation and remanufacturing of crystalline silicon solar cells. Progress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications. 2017; 26 (3):179-187.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jun-Kyu Lee; Jin-Seok Lee; Young-Soo Ahn; Gi-Hwan Kang; Hee-Eun Song; Min-Gu Kang; Young-Hwan Kim; Churl-Hee Cho. 2017. "Simple pretreatment processes for successful reclamation and remanufacturing of crystalline silicon solar cells." Progress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications 26, no. 3: 179-187.

Journal article
Published: 01 September 2017 in Applied Surface Science
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ACS Style

Jin-Seok Lee; Young-Soo Ahn; Gi-Hwan Kang; Jei Pil Wang. Recovery of Pb-Sn Alloy and Copper from Photovoltaic Ribbon in Spent Solar Module. Applied Surface Science 2017, 415, 137 -142.

AMA Style

Jin-Seok Lee, Young-Soo Ahn, Gi-Hwan Kang, Jei Pil Wang. Recovery of Pb-Sn Alloy and Copper from Photovoltaic Ribbon in Spent Solar Module. Applied Surface Science. 2017; 415 ():137-142.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jin-Seok Lee; Young-Soo Ahn; Gi-Hwan Kang; Jei Pil Wang. 2017. "Recovery of Pb-Sn Alloy and Copper from Photovoltaic Ribbon in Spent Solar Module." Applied Surface Science 415, no. : 137-142.

Journal article
Published: 29 December 2016 in Indian Journal of Science and Technology
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ACS Style

Jin-Seok Lee; Young-Soo Ahn; Gi-Hwan Kang; Jei-Pil Wang. A Study on the Recovery of Pb-Sn Alloy from Spent Photovoltaic Ribbons. Indian Journal of Science and Technology 2016, 9, 1 .

AMA Style

Jin-Seok Lee, Young-Soo Ahn, Gi-Hwan Kang, Jei-Pil Wang. A Study on the Recovery of Pb-Sn Alloy from Spent Photovoltaic Ribbons. Indian Journal of Science and Technology. 2016; 9 (S1):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jin-Seok Lee; Young-Soo Ahn; Gi-Hwan Kang; Jei-Pil Wang. 2016. "A Study on the Recovery of Pb-Sn Alloy from Spent Photovoltaic Ribbons." Indian Journal of Science and Technology 9, no. S1: 1.

Journal article
Published: 04 November 2016 in Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells
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This study presents the re-fabrication of a crystalline silicon (c-Si) solar cell using a Si wafer reclaimed from the solar cell of an end-of-life (EoL) module, and an evaluation of its performance. A 6-in. commercial solar cell was used in the etching process by wet chemical process in order to investigate the optimal mixing ratio of a mixture of HNO3 and HF. The silicon nitride (SiNx) and aluminum (Al) back contact on both sides of the solar cell were not completely removed at a high ratio of aqueous HNO3, and the precipitation of Ag particles on the surface of Si wafer were deposited at a high ratio of aqueous HF in a mixed acid solution. The optimum etching condition for the recovery of the c-Si wafer was applied to the EoL module, which consisted of 4″ solar cells. The photovoltaic (PV) performance of the re-fabricated 4″ solar cell was measured by conventional solar cell processing, which shows the best results reported so far. The higher boron (B) concentration and reflectance of the re-fabricated solar cell reduced cell efficiency by 0.6% compared with the commercial 6″ solar cell. However, it has sufficient potential for use in the PV industry.

ACS Style

Jun-Kyu Lee; Jin-Seok Lee; Young-Soo Ahn; Gi-Hwan Kang; Hee-Eun Song; Min-Gu Kang; Churl-Hee Cho. Photovoltaic performance of c-Si wafer reclaimed from end-of-life solar cell using various mixing ratios of HF and HNO3. Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells 2016, 160, 301 -306.

AMA Style

Jun-Kyu Lee, Jin-Seok Lee, Young-Soo Ahn, Gi-Hwan Kang, Hee-Eun Song, Min-Gu Kang, Churl-Hee Cho. Photovoltaic performance of c-Si wafer reclaimed from end-of-life solar cell using various mixing ratios of HF and HNO3. Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells. 2016; 160 ():301-306.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jun-Kyu Lee; Jin-Seok Lee; Young-Soo Ahn; Gi-Hwan Kang; Hee-Eun Song; Min-Gu Kang; Churl-Hee Cho. 2016. "Photovoltaic performance of c-Si wafer reclaimed from end-of-life solar cell using various mixing ratios of HF and HNO3." Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells 160, no. : 301-306.

Journal article
Published: 01 October 2016 in Ceramics International
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Ceramic cores have been designed with compounds based on fused silica due to its excellent thermal stability and chemical inertness against molten metals. To endure the high temperatures present during investment casting, mineralizers have been widely used to enhance the flexural strength and shrinkage of ceramic cores. In this study, we demonstrated a silica-based ceramic core with silicon carbide as a mineralizer for improving the mechanical and thermal properties. The SiC in the silica-based ceramic cores can enhance the mechanical properties (i.e., flexural strength and linear shrinkage) by playing a role as a seed for the crystallization of fused silica to cristobalite. The SiC also improves the thermal conductivity due to its higher value compared with fused silica. The results suggest that using the optimal amount of silicon carbide in silica-based ceramic cores can provide excellent mechanical properties of flexural strength and linear shrinkage and improved thermal conductivity.

ACS Style

Young-Hwan Kim; Jeong-Gu Yeo; Jin-Seok Lee; Sung-Churl Choi. Influence of silicon carbide as a mineralizer on mechanical and thermal properties of silica-based ceramic cores. Ceramics International 2016, 42, 14738 -14742.

AMA Style

Young-Hwan Kim, Jeong-Gu Yeo, Jin-Seok Lee, Sung-Churl Choi. Influence of silicon carbide as a mineralizer on mechanical and thermal properties of silica-based ceramic cores. Ceramics International. 2016; 42 (13):14738-14742.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Young-Hwan Kim; Jeong-Gu Yeo; Jin-Seok Lee; Sung-Churl Choi. 2016. "Influence of silicon carbide as a mineralizer on mechanical and thermal properties of silica-based ceramic cores." Ceramics International 42, no. 13: 14738-14742.

Research papers
Published: 17 March 2016 in Materials Technology
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The study on the purification of copper from spent photovoltaic ribbon was conducted using zone-melting furnace to fabricate high-purity copper with 4N grade. In order to recover copper from spent photovoltaic ribbon, oxidation process was first conducted at the temperature range from 300 to 900 °C to remove coating layer. After oxidation, the oxidized coating layer consisting lead of 68.99 wt.% and tin of 31.21 wt.% was taken off from the substrate at room temperature. The chemical composition of copper ribbon after oxidation was analysed using ICP-MS (inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry), and the purity of copper obtained was found to be about 99.5 wt.%. Further process using zone-melting furnace was consequently carried out, and 4N grade of copper (≥ 99.99%) was finally obtained.

ACS Style

Jin-Seok Lee; Young-Soo Ahn; Gi-Hwan Kang; Jei-Pil Wang. Recovery of 4N-grade copper from photovoltaic ribbon in spent solar module. Materials Technology 2016, 31, 574 -579.

AMA Style

Jin-Seok Lee, Young-Soo Ahn, Gi-Hwan Kang, Jei-Pil Wang. Recovery of 4N-grade copper from photovoltaic ribbon in spent solar module. Materials Technology. 2016; 31 (10):574-579.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jin-Seok Lee; Young-Soo Ahn; Gi-Hwan Kang; Jei-Pil Wang. 2016. "Recovery of 4N-grade copper from photovoltaic ribbon in spent solar module." Materials Technology 31, no. 10: 574-579.

Journal article
Published: 01 November 2015 in Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology
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The removal of boron is one of the main challenges in the purification of metallurgical grade silicon destined for low-cost photovoltaic applications. However, boron is very difficult to remove in its elemental form due to its large segregation coefficient in silicon and its low vapor pressure. The removal of boron by slag treatment is today regarded as a highly promising method, but its refining efficiency is relatively low. Also, the reduction of boron by plasma treatment exhibits a high refining efficiency, but the processing cost is high due to the large amount of electricity consumed by the process. In this regard, the use of an oxidizing reactive gas in the refinement process offers some advantages both in terms of low energy consumption and promising refinement rates. Boron can be extracted in various gaseous forms as B(x)O(y) and/or B(x)H(z)O(y) phases, but the vapor pressure of B(x)H(z)O(y) is much greater than that of the other specie at a temperature of 1700 K. The present study reports a modified oxidative refining method designed to enhance the vaporization of boron as B(x)H(z)O(y) by blowing gaseous water onto the silicon melt in a segmented crucible to enhance the electromagnetic force, whereby the processing cost can be dramatically reduced due to the use of a reusable quartz crucible in a graphite crucible. An initial boron content of 13 ppm in the metallurgical grade silicon was significantly decreased to 0.3 ppm by the employment of 1.7SLM Ar + 100 ml/h H2O. Also, a mechanism capable of reducing boron based on thermodynamic considerations is proposed.

ACS Style

Jun-Kyu Lee; Jin-Seok Lee; Bo-Yun Jang; Joon-Soo Kim; Young-Soo Ahn; Gi-Hwan Kang; Churl-Hee Cho. A Modified Oxidative Refinement Process for Removing Boron from Molten Silicon Under Enhanced Electromagnetic Force. Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 2015, 15, 8547 -8552.

AMA Style

Jun-Kyu Lee, Jin-Seok Lee, Bo-Yun Jang, Joon-Soo Kim, Young-Soo Ahn, Gi-Hwan Kang, Churl-Hee Cho. A Modified Oxidative Refinement Process for Removing Boron from Molten Silicon Under Enhanced Electromagnetic Force. Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology. 2015; 15 (11):8547-8552.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jun-Kyu Lee; Jin-Seok Lee; Bo-Yun Jang; Joon-Soo Kim; Young-Soo Ahn; Gi-Hwan Kang; Churl-Hee Cho. 2015. "A Modified Oxidative Refinement Process for Removing Boron from Molten Silicon Under Enhanced Electromagnetic Force." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 15, no. 11: 8547-8552.

Research article
Published: 02 September 2015 in Journal of Nanomaterials
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A silicon substrate with the dimensions of 100 × 140 × 0.3 mm was grown directly from liquid silicon with gas pressure. The silicon melt in the sealed melting part was injected into the growth part at applied pressure of 780–850 Torr. The solidified silicon substrate was then transferred by the pull of the cooled dummy bar. A desirable structure with a liquid-solid interface perpendicular to the pulling direction was formed when the mold temperature in the solidification zone of the growth part was much higher than that of the dummy bar, as this technique should be able to overcome thermal loss through the molds and the limited heat flux derived from the very narrow contact area between the silicon melt and the dummy bar. In addition, because the metallic impurities and expansion of volume during solidification are preferably moved to a liquid phase, a high-quality silicon substrate, without defects such as cracks and impurities in the substrate, could be manufactured in the interface structure. The present study reports the experimental findings on a new and direct growth system for obtaining silicon substrates characterized by high quality and productivity, as a candidate for alternate routes for the fabrication of silicon substrates.

ACS Style

Jun-Kyu Lee; Sung-Min Wi; Jin-Seok Lee; Bo-Yun Jang; Joon-Soo Kim; Young-Soo Ahn; Churl-Hee Cho. Microstructure Control of Columnar-Grained Silicon Substrate Solidified from Silicon Melts Using Gas Pressure. Journal of Nanomaterials 2015, 2015, 1 -6.

AMA Style

Jun-Kyu Lee, Sung-Min Wi, Jin-Seok Lee, Bo-Yun Jang, Joon-Soo Kim, Young-Soo Ahn, Churl-Hee Cho. Microstructure Control of Columnar-Grained Silicon Substrate Solidified from Silicon Melts Using Gas Pressure. Journal of Nanomaterials. 2015; 2015 ():1-6.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jun-Kyu Lee; Sung-Min Wi; Jin-Seok Lee; Bo-Yun Jang; Joon-Soo Kim; Young-Soo Ahn; Churl-Hee Cho. 2015. "Microstructure Control of Columnar-Grained Silicon Substrate Solidified from Silicon Melts Using Gas Pressure." Journal of Nanomaterials 2015, no. : 1-6.

Journal article
Published: 01 July 2015 in Thin Solid Films
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ACS Style

Chun-Young Jung; Jeong-Boon Koo; Bo-Yun Jang; Joon-Soo Kim; Jin-Seok Lee; Sung-Soo Kim; Moon-Hee Han. Effects of phosphorous incorporation on the microstructure of Si nanoparticles as an anode material for lithium-ion battery. Thin Solid Films 2015, 587, 142 -149.

AMA Style

Chun-Young Jung, Jeong-Boon Koo, Bo-Yun Jang, Joon-Soo Kim, Jin-Seok Lee, Sung-Soo Kim, Moon-Hee Han. Effects of phosphorous incorporation on the microstructure of Si nanoparticles as an anode material for lithium-ion battery. Thin Solid Films. 2015; 587 ():142-149.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Chun-Young Jung; Jeong-Boon Koo; Bo-Yun Jang; Joon-Soo Kim; Jin-Seok Lee; Sung-Soo Kim; Moon-Hee Han. 2015. "Effects of phosphorous incorporation on the microstructure of Si nanoparticles as an anode material for lithium-ion battery." Thin Solid Films 587, no. : 142-149.

Journal article
Published: 01 July 2015 in Applied Mechanics and Materials
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The oxidation behavior of photovoltaic ribbon was measured for 48 hours over the temperature range of 300°C to 800°C using thermogravimetric apparatus (TGA). It was found that weigh-gained of both samples was found to be increased with increasing temperature and it was dramatically increased at 800°C for 30 minutes of initial oxidation time. Pure copper with 99.55% purity was successfully recovered from the photovoltaic ribbon of spent solar module using cyclic oxidation method.

ACS Style

Jin Seok Lee; Bo Yun Jang; Joon Su Kim; Young Soo Ahn; Gi Hwan Kang; Jei Pil Wang. A Study on the Removal of Solder-Coated Layer of Photovoltaic Ribbon. Applied Mechanics and Materials 2015, 778, 71 -74.

AMA Style

Jin Seok Lee, Bo Yun Jang, Joon Su Kim, Young Soo Ahn, Gi Hwan Kang, Jei Pil Wang. A Study on the Removal of Solder-Coated Layer of Photovoltaic Ribbon. Applied Mechanics and Materials. 2015; 778 ():71-74.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jin Seok Lee; Bo Yun Jang; Joon Su Kim; Young Soo Ahn; Gi Hwan Kang; Jei Pil Wang. 2015. "A Study on the Removal of Solder-Coated Layer of Photovoltaic Ribbon." Applied Mechanics and Materials 778, no. : 71-74.

Journal article
Published: 01 May 2015 in Solar Energy
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ACS Style

Jun-Kyu Lee; Jin-Seok Lee; Bo-Yun Jang; Joon-Soo Kim; Young-Soo Ahn; Gi-Hwan Kang; Hee-Eun Song; Min-Gu Kang; Churl-Hee Cho. 6″ crystalline silicon solar cell with electron-beam melting-based metallurgical route. Solar Energy 2015, 115, 322 -328.

AMA Style

Jun-Kyu Lee, Jin-Seok Lee, Bo-Yun Jang, Joon-Soo Kim, Young-Soo Ahn, Gi-Hwan Kang, Hee-Eun Song, Min-Gu Kang, Churl-Hee Cho. 6″ crystalline silicon solar cell with electron-beam melting-based metallurgical route. Solar Energy. 2015; 115 ():322-328.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jun-Kyu Lee; Jin-Seok Lee; Bo-Yun Jang; Joon-Soo Kim; Young-Soo Ahn; Gi-Hwan Kang; Hee-Eun Song; Min-Gu Kang; Churl-Hee Cho. 2015. "6″ crystalline silicon solar cell with electron-beam melting-based metallurgical route." Solar Energy 115, no. : 322-328.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2015 in CrystEngComm
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Electroless deposition reaction (EDR) is a promising route for the synthesis of copper (Cu) and silver (Ag) dendritic structures with controlled morphology. Here, we demonstrate the use of an electroless deposition reaction on the interface between an iron foil and aqueous solutions of either Cu or Ag salts to produce Cu and Ag well-defined dendritic nanostructures at room temperature. The dendritic structures and morphology evaluation were characterized based on the reaction time, Cu and Ag salt concentration, and diethylene glycol (DEG) content in the aqueous solution. We also demonstrate control over the dendrite sizes, morphologies and growth mechanisms. The electrical resistivity and improved sheet resistance were also evaluated in an anisotropic conductive film prepared from dendritic silver powder.

ACS Style

Hayk H. Nersisyan; Young Jun Lee; Sin Hyong Joo; Seul Ki Han; Tae-Hyuk Lee; Jin-Seok Lee; Young-Soo An; Jong-Hyeon Lee; Young-Soo Ahn. Iron-assisted electroless deposition reaction for synthesizing copper and silver dendritic structures. CrystEngComm 2015, 17, 7535 -7542.

AMA Style

Hayk H. Nersisyan, Young Jun Lee, Sin Hyong Joo, Seul Ki Han, Tae-Hyuk Lee, Jin-Seok Lee, Young-Soo An, Jong-Hyeon Lee, Young-Soo Ahn. Iron-assisted electroless deposition reaction for synthesizing copper and silver dendritic structures. CrystEngComm. 2015; 17 (39):7535-7542.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hayk H. Nersisyan; Young Jun Lee; Sin Hyong Joo; Seul Ki Han; Tae-Hyuk Lee; Jin-Seok Lee; Young-Soo An; Jong-Hyeon Lee; Young-Soo Ahn. 2015. "Iron-assisted electroless deposition reaction for synthesizing copper and silver dendritic structures." CrystEngComm 17, no. 39: 7535-7542.

Journal article
Published: 01 October 2014 in Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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ACS Style

Chun-Young Jung; Jeong-Boon Koo; Bo-Yun Jang; Jin-Seok Lee; Joon-Soo Kim; Moon-Hee Han. Synthesis of Boron-doped Crystalline Si Nanoparticles Synthesized by Using Inductive Coupled Plasma and Double Tube Reactor. Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers 2014, 27, 662 -667.

AMA Style

Chun-Young Jung, Jeong-Boon Koo, Bo-Yun Jang, Jin-Seok Lee, Joon-Soo Kim, Moon-Hee Han. Synthesis of Boron-doped Crystalline Si Nanoparticles Synthesized by Using Inductive Coupled Plasma and Double Tube Reactor. Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers. 2014; 27 (10):662-667.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Chun-Young Jung; Jeong-Boon Koo; Bo-Yun Jang; Jin-Seok Lee; Joon-Soo Kim; Moon-Hee Han. 2014. "Synthesis of Boron-doped Crystalline Si Nanoparticles Synthesized by Using Inductive Coupled Plasma and Double Tube Reactor." Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers 27, no. 10: 662-667.