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In this study, bioaugmentation and biostimulation were used to explore the efficiency of bioremediation of hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH)-contaminated soil in the laboratory. A complex microbial community (germ A, abbreviated as A) was used for bioaugmentation. The KNO3 and K2HPO4 (NP), wheat straw (JG), and glucose (PU) were used as exogenous amendments for biostimulation. Five treatments were set up: the control (CK), NP, A + NP, A + NP + JG, and A + NP + PU. After 28 days of remediation, the removal rate of total HCH (HCHs) in NP, A + NP, A + NP + JG, and A + NP + PU was 27.0%, 32.2%, 43.4%, and 45.3%, respectively. The results indicated that the removal of HCHs in A + NP, A + NP + JG, and A + NP + PU was higher than NP, indicating that bioaugmentation combined with biostimulation was more effective than biostimulation. Furthermore, compared with A + NP, A + NP + JG and A + NP + PU were more conducive to the degradation of HCHs. Because applying inorganic and organic nutrient substances simultaneously can effectively improve the living environment of microorganisms and increase microbial quantities in HCH-contaminated soil, therefore, the enzymatic reaction of microorganisms is accelerated, resulting in the efficiency of HCHs degradation improvement. The results indicated that bioaugmentation with germ A combine with biostimulation by organic and inorganic nutrients simultaneously constitutes a promising method for restoring soils contaminated with HCHs. This study would provide the basis for improving the bioremediation efficiency of HCH-contaminated soil.
Xutong Liu; He Huang; Dan Huang; Kai Zhong; Qun Rong; Xingzi Qin; Chaolan Zhang; Xue Li. Enhanced Biodegradation of Hexachlorocyclohexane in Soil by Application of Exogenous Amendments. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution 2021, 232, 1 -13.
AMA StyleXutong Liu, He Huang, Dan Huang, Kai Zhong, Qun Rong, Xingzi Qin, Chaolan Zhang, Xue Li. Enhanced Biodegradation of Hexachlorocyclohexane in Soil by Application of Exogenous Amendments. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution. 2021; 232 (8):1-13.
Chicago/Turabian StyleXutong Liu; He Huang; Dan Huang; Kai Zhong; Qun Rong; Xingzi Qin; Chaolan Zhang; Xue Li. 2021. "Enhanced Biodegradation of Hexachlorocyclohexane in Soil by Application of Exogenous Amendments." Water, Air, & Soil Pollution 232, no. 8: 1-13.
Cadmium (Cd) contamination of agricultural soils is a global concern, as it can cause the accumulation of Cd in food. In this study, an incubation experiment was carried out to investigate the effect on Cd availability in paddy soil amended four kinds of silkworm excrements organic fertilizer (SEs). And the soil amended with chicken manure organic fertilizer (CM) and no organic fertilizer (CK) were as control. The SEs and CM were added to soil at the rate of 3% (w/w). The results showed that the available Cd content in soils decreased by 27.3–40.9% and 14.1–27.3% in treatments of SEs compared to the CK and CM after incubation 60 days. The potential mechanisms for reducing the availability of Cd were subjected, including: (i) high aromaticity of SEs; (ii) SEs improved pH and OM content of soil; (iii) XRD pattern proved that Cd in soil was mainly stabilized in the form of CdCO3 and Cd(OH)NO3 by adding SEs. In conclusion, SEs application was an effective method to decrease Cd availability in paddy soil.
Junxian Chen; Pengyang Bian; He Huang; Kai Zhong; Dan Huang; Xinyu Nong; Jun Mao; Chaolan Zhang. The Mechanism of Silkworm Excrement Organic Fertilizer to Reduce the Cd Availability in Paddy Soil. Soil and Sediment Contamination: An International Journal 2021, 1 -14.
AMA StyleJunxian Chen, Pengyang Bian, He Huang, Kai Zhong, Dan Huang, Xinyu Nong, Jun Mao, Chaolan Zhang. The Mechanism of Silkworm Excrement Organic Fertilizer to Reduce the Cd Availability in Paddy Soil. Soil and Sediment Contamination: An International Journal. 2021; ():1-14.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJunxian Chen; Pengyang Bian; He Huang; Kai Zhong; Dan Huang; Xinyu Nong; Jun Mao; Chaolan Zhang. 2021. "The Mechanism of Silkworm Excrement Organic Fertilizer to Reduce the Cd Availability in Paddy Soil." Soil and Sediment Contamination: An International Journal , no. : 1-14.
Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) are promising soil contamination amendment agents for its efficient absorbing abilities. However, the application of LDHs in remediation of heavy metal contaminated soil are to be developed. In this study, we synthesized MgAlFe-LDHs by introducing Fe3+ into interlayer of the MgAl-LDHs using co-precipitation method. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) were employed to characterized the micro structure of MgAlFe-LDHs. And then pot incubation and pilot experiments were conducted to investigate the heavy metal removal efficiencies of MgAlFe-LDHs and its potential being applicated in As contaminated soil amendment from a deserted arsenic plant site. Incubation experiments showed that the MgAlFe-LDHs had a higher removal efficiency on arsenic contaminated soil compared to other agents. And the results of pilot experiments indicated that the MgAlFe-LDHs can immobilize up to 90% of the As in soil with 5% (w/w) addition. Based on the results above, MgAlFe-LDHs are promising materials amending the heavy metal contaminated soil with practical application value.
Kai Zhong; Chaolan Zhang; Siwei Ren; He Huang; Qun Rong; Yongxin Zhou. Remediation of Soil in a Deserted Arsenic Plant Site Using Synthesised MgAlFe-LDHs. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 2021, 107, 167 -174.
AMA StyleKai Zhong, Chaolan Zhang, Siwei Ren, He Huang, Qun Rong, Yongxin Zhou. Remediation of Soil in a Deserted Arsenic Plant Site Using Synthesised MgAlFe-LDHs. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology. 2021; 107 (1):167-174.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKai Zhong; Chaolan Zhang; Siwei Ren; He Huang; Qun Rong; Yongxin Zhou. 2021. "Remediation of Soil in a Deserted Arsenic Plant Site Using Synthesised MgAlFe-LDHs." Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 107, no. 1: 167-174.
Pot experiments were performed to investigate the efficiency of Fe–Mn oxides (FM) combined with two organic amendments, silkworm excrement organic amendment (FM-SE) and peat soil (FM-PS), in immobilizing antimony (Sb) and arsenic (As) in soils and thus reducing metalloids uptake by Brassica campestris L. The available As was significantly decreased by 87% and 70% and Sb was decreased by 51% and 29% in FM-SE and FM-PS amended soil, respectively. Sequential extraction analysis demonstrated that non-specifically and specifically sorbed Sb and As were transformed into well-crystallized hydrous oxides fraction, decreasing their mobility effectively, after addition of FM-SE and FM-PS. FTIR and XPS analysis showed that FM has surface hydroxyl groups (-OH) in large quantities, forming As/Sb–O complex by surface complexation to retain As and Sb. The amendments improved soil pH, nutrients and organic matter content, appreciably inhibited As and Sb uptake by Brassica campestris L. The content of As in leaves decreased from 0.61 mg/kg (control) to 0.07 mg/kg (FM-SE) and 0.09 mg/kg (FM-PS), lower than the Chinese National Food Safety Standard limit of 0.2 mg/kg (GB2762-2017). The bioavailability of As was found to be higher than Sb, which could be more easily transferred and accumulated by plants in exposed contaminated soil. The combined applications of SE and PS with FM shed light on simultaneously immobilizing As and Sb in soils and further inhibiting their uptake by plants.
Qun Rong; Chaolan Zhang; He Huang; ChuanZhang Li; Xinyu Nong; Hecheng Zhao; Kai Zhong; Xingzi Qin; Yapeng Yang. Immobilization of As and Sb by combined applications Fe–Mn oxides with organic amendments and alleviation their uptake by Brassica campestris L. Journal of Cleaner Production 2020, 288, 125088 .
AMA StyleQun Rong, Chaolan Zhang, He Huang, ChuanZhang Li, Xinyu Nong, Hecheng Zhao, Kai Zhong, Xingzi Qin, Yapeng Yang. Immobilization of As and Sb by combined applications Fe–Mn oxides with organic amendments and alleviation their uptake by Brassica campestris L. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2020; 288 ():125088.
Chicago/Turabian StyleQun Rong; Chaolan Zhang; He Huang; ChuanZhang Li; Xinyu Nong; Hecheng Zhao; Kai Zhong; Xingzi Qin; Yapeng Yang. 2020. "Immobilization of As and Sb by combined applications Fe–Mn oxides with organic amendments and alleviation their uptake by Brassica campestris L." Journal of Cleaner Production 288, no. : 125088.
The current study investigated the efficiency of sepiolite (SE), sodium humate (HS), microbial fertilizer (JF) and SE combined with JF/HS in a ratio of 2:1 (w/w) (JF-2SE and HS-2SE) on Cd, Pb and As bioavailability in field trials with rice (Oryza sativa L.). The results showed that all the amendments remarkably decreased (p < 0.05) the contents of available Cd and available Pb in soil. Only JF-2SE treatment reduced available As concentration in soil. All the amendments were found to effectively reduce (p < 0.05) the contents of As in brown rice. Both JF-2SE and HS-2SE co-applications reduced the concentrations of Cd in brown rice to 0.108 and 0.135 mg kg−1, and that of Pb reduced to 0.2 and 0.175 mg kg−1, which met the national standard limit of China. Thus, the co-application of JF/HS-2SE can be a promising remediation strategy in Cd, Pb and As co-contaminated paddy soil.
Xinyu Nong; Chaolan Zhang; Hexiao Chen; Qun Rong; Hefeng Gao; Xiaodan Jin. Remediation of Cd, Pb and as Co-contaminated Paddy Soil by Applying Different Amendments. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 2020, 105, 283 -290.
AMA StyleXinyu Nong, Chaolan Zhang, Hexiao Chen, Qun Rong, Hefeng Gao, Xiaodan Jin. Remediation of Cd, Pb and as Co-contaminated Paddy Soil by Applying Different Amendments. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology. 2020; 105 (2):283-290.
Chicago/Turabian StyleXinyu Nong; Chaolan Zhang; Hexiao Chen; Qun Rong; Hefeng Gao; Xiaodan Jin. 2020. "Remediation of Cd, Pb and as Co-contaminated Paddy Soil by Applying Different Amendments." Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 105, no. 2: 283-290.
Silkworm excrement and silkworm excrement derived biochar were added to both sterilized and unsterilized soil at rates of 0 and 0.5% (w/w). The effects of the two organic amendments on atrazine degradation and the microbial community in soils with an atrazine content of 5 mg·kg−1 were studied. In unsterilized soils, the residual fraction of atrazine at 56 d was increased in the silkworm excrement- and biochar-amended soils, by 2.18 mg·kg−1 and 0.72 mg·kg−1, respectively. Furthermore, both organic amendments increased the accumulation of desethylatrazine (DEA). However, unlike DEA, deisopropylatrazine (DIA) accumulation increased in silkworm excrement-amended soil and decreased in biochar-amended soil. There was a negative relationship between the depletion rate of DOC and the degradation rate of atrazine. With respect to microorganisms, the Biolog Ecoplate test revealed that biochar and silkworm excrement improved microbial activity and community diversity in atrazine-contaminated soil. Additionally, Illumina-MiSeq analyses showed that both organic amendments increased the proportions of Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Aspergillus and Cephalothecaceae in soil but decreased that of Bacteroidetes and Talaromyces.
He Huang; Chaolan Zhang; Qun Rong; Chuangzhang Li; Jun Mao; Yu Liu; Junxian Chen; Xutong Liu. Effect of two organic amendments on atrazine degradation and microorganisms in soil. Applied Soil Ecology 2020, 152, 103564 .
AMA StyleHe Huang, Chaolan Zhang, Qun Rong, Chuangzhang Li, Jun Mao, Yu Liu, Junxian Chen, Xutong Liu. Effect of two organic amendments on atrazine degradation and microorganisms in soil. Applied Soil Ecology. 2020; 152 ():103564.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHe Huang; Chaolan Zhang; Qun Rong; Chuangzhang Li; Jun Mao; Yu Liu; Junxian Chen; Xutong Liu. 2020. "Effect of two organic amendments on atrazine degradation and microorganisms in soil." Applied Soil Ecology 152, no. : 103564.
Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) is a crop that is able to accumulate metals. In this study, humic acid was selected as a Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn passivator, and added to calcareous field soil in amounts of 6.4, 10.3, and 14.8 kg·ha−1. Its impact on the soil fractions of the metals in the soil was extracted by the Community Bureau of Reference (BCR) sequential extraction method, and their accumulation of the metals in tobacco leaves was investigated. Application of 14.8 kg·ha−1 humic acid decreased the DTPA-extracted concentrations of Pb, Cd, Zn, and Cu by 39%, 37%, 29%, and 18%, respectively, as compared with untreated soil. The fractions of Cd, Pb, Cu, and Zn in soil were extracted by the BCR sequential extraction method, and the relationship between the difference metal fractions in the soil and the metal contents in the plant materials were analyzed. The exchangeable fractions of Cd, Pb, Cu, and Zn and the reducible fractions of Pb and Cu are the main bioavailable fractions. Additionally, the reducible fractions of Cd and Zn, the oxidizable fractions of Pb, Cu, and Zn, and all residual fractions of metals were nonbioavailable fractions in the soil. The soils were treated with humic acid (HA) to shift bioavailable metals to stable phases that were less bioavailable. The available Cd, Pb, Cu, and Zn were strongly retained in the soil after the application of humic acid, which decreased the uptake in tobacco in the upper, middle, and lower leaves.
Qun Rong; Kai Zhong; He Huang; ChuanZhang Li; Chaolan Zhang; Xinyu Nong. Humic Acid Reduces the Available Cadmium, Copper, Lead, and Zinc in Soil and Their Uptake by Tobacco. Applied Sciences 2020, 10, 1077 .
AMA StyleQun Rong, Kai Zhong, He Huang, ChuanZhang Li, Chaolan Zhang, Xinyu Nong. Humic Acid Reduces the Available Cadmium, Copper, Lead, and Zinc in Soil and Their Uptake by Tobacco. Applied Sciences. 2020; 10 (3):1077.
Chicago/Turabian StyleQun Rong; Kai Zhong; He Huang; ChuanZhang Li; Chaolan Zhang; Xinyu Nong. 2020. "Humic Acid Reduces the Available Cadmium, Copper, Lead, and Zinc in Soil and Their Uptake by Tobacco." Applied Sciences 10, no. 3: 1077.
In this study, maize plant was cultured in soil contaminated with different levels of crude oil. The purpose was to investigate the change of soil properties, leaf physiological and chemical parameters, and phenanthrene content in the leaf. Results showed that soil water content significantly increased when the levels of total petroleum hydrocarbons were 3700–17,800 mg/kg in soil, and soil electrical conductivity significantly increased compared with the control. In maize leaf, stomatal length and density, as well as K and Na contents decreased in contaminated treatments compared with the control. Stomatal length has a significant positive correlation with K content in leaf (r = 0.92, p < 0.01), while stomatal density was negatively correlated to the crude oil level in soil (r = −0.91, p < 0.05). Accumulation of phenanthrene in maize leaf was mainly through the foliar uptake pathway. Phenanthrene concentrations of maize leaf in oil-treated soil were less than that of the control, which exhibited a significant positive relationship with stomatal length (r = 0.98, p < 0.01). This study demonstrated that the stomata structure of maize could be influenced by crude oil and thus possibly controlling the accumulation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in aerial tissues. Based on these results, controlling stomata movement will be beneficial to phytoremediation of contaminated soil.
Chaolan Zhang; He Huang; Yongxin Zhou; Haiying Lin; Tian Xie; Changjun Liao. Stomatal Response of Maize (Zea mays L.) to Crude Oil Contamination in Soils. Applied Sciences 2019, 9, 4074 .
AMA StyleChaolan Zhang, He Huang, Yongxin Zhou, Haiying Lin, Tian Xie, Changjun Liao. Stomatal Response of Maize (Zea mays L.) to Crude Oil Contamination in Soils. Applied Sciences. 2019; 9 (19):4074.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChaolan Zhang; He Huang; Yongxin Zhou; Haiying Lin; Tian Xie; Changjun Liao. 2019. "Stomatal Response of Maize (Zea mays L.) to Crude Oil Contamination in Soils." Applied Sciences 9, no. 19: 4074.
A 56d incubation experiment was conducted to explore the effects of the silk-worm excrement biochar (500 °C, BC) combined with different iron-based materials (FeCl3, FeSO4, and reduced iron powder) on the speciation of cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) in a contaminated soil. Application rate of BC and iron-based materials is 1% (W/W) and 0.2% (W/W) of the soil, respectively. At the same time, the soil physicochemical properties, such as pH, cation exchange capacity (CEC), and the structure of soil, were determined in order to explore the influence mechanism of amendments to forms of Cd and Pb in soil. The results show that the stabilization effects on Cd is (BC + FeSO4) > (BC + FeCl3) > (BC + Fe) > (BC) and Pb is (BC + Fe) > (BC + FeSO4) > (BC + FeCl3) > (BC) at the end of incubation, compared with the effect of the control group. The treatment of (BC + FeSO4) is the most effective in terms of the stabilization of Cd and Pb, which makes the percentages of organic-bound and residual Cd and Pb increase by 40.90% and 23.51% respectively. In addition, with different ways of treatment, the pH value and CEC of soil see a remarkable increase by 1.65–2.01 units and 2.01–2.58 cmol·kg−1 respectively. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns show that the soil imprisons Cd and Pb in different mineral phases. As such the treatment of (BC + FeSO4) can significantly improve soil environment, increase soil pH value & CEC and exert a relatively good stabilization effect on both Cd and Pb.
Pengyang Bian; Jingjing Zhang; Chaolan Zhang; He Huang; Qun Rong; Haixia Wu; Xue Li; Mengmeng Xu; Yu Liu; Siwei Ren. Effects of Silk-worm Excrement Biochar Combined with Different Iron-Based Materials on the Speciation of Cadmium and Lead in Soil. Applied Sciences 2018, 8, 1999 .
AMA StylePengyang Bian, Jingjing Zhang, Chaolan Zhang, He Huang, Qun Rong, Haixia Wu, Xue Li, Mengmeng Xu, Yu Liu, Siwei Ren. Effects of Silk-worm Excrement Biochar Combined with Different Iron-Based Materials on the Speciation of Cadmium and Lead in Soil. Applied Sciences. 2018; 8 (10):1999.
Chicago/Turabian StylePengyang Bian; Jingjing Zhang; Chaolan Zhang; He Huang; Qun Rong; Haixia Wu; Xue Li; Mengmeng Xu; Yu Liu; Siwei Ren. 2018. "Effects of Silk-worm Excrement Biochar Combined with Different Iron-Based Materials on the Speciation of Cadmium and Lead in Soil." Applied Sciences 8, no. 10: 1999.
He Huang; Chaolan Zhang; Peng Zhang; Meizhu Cao; Guiping Xu; Haixia Wu; Jingjing Zhang; ChuanZhang Li; Qun Rong. Effects of biochar amendment on the sorption and degradation of atrazine in different soils. Soil and Sediment Contamination: An International Journal 2018, 27, 643 -657.
AMA StyleHe Huang, Chaolan Zhang, Peng Zhang, Meizhu Cao, Guiping Xu, Haixia Wu, Jingjing Zhang, ChuanZhang Li, Qun Rong. Effects of biochar amendment on the sorption and degradation of atrazine in different soils. Soil and Sediment Contamination: An International Journal. 2018; 27 (8):643-657.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHe Huang; Chaolan Zhang; Peng Zhang; Meizhu Cao; Guiping Xu; Haixia Wu; Jingjing Zhang; ChuanZhang Li; Qun Rong. 2018. "Effects of biochar amendment on the sorption and degradation of atrazine in different soils." Soil and Sediment Contamination: An International Journal 27, no. 8: 643-657.
Lime, sepiolite and peat were used as amendments to study their effects on the chemical speciation of Cd and Pb in a polluted paddy soil under moist and water-logged conditions. The results showed that application of amendments reduced acid-extractable Cd (up to 12.56% and 5.07%) and Pb (up to 6.69% and 2.68%) in moist and water-logged soils, respectively. The reducible Cd and residual Cd was increased while the oxidizable Cd was decreased after adding amendments. However, the oxidizable Pb was increased while the residual Pb was decreased in amended soil, and the reducible Pb presented a different changing trend under moist and water-logged conditions. The soil pH was significantly correlated with different fractions of Cd and Pb in soil, which indicated a distinct influence of soil pH on the redistribution process of Cd and Pb fractions in amended soil.
Peng Zhang; Chaolan Zhang; Liping Pan; Weiwei Yang; ChuanZhang Li; Guiping Xu; Fangyuan Li; Meixian Lu. Effects of amendments and water conditions on the chemical speciation of Cd and Pb in contaminated paddy soil in a mining area. Soil and Sediment Contamination: An International Journal 2016, 25, 717 -726.
AMA StylePeng Zhang, Chaolan Zhang, Liping Pan, Weiwei Yang, ChuanZhang Li, Guiping Xu, Fangyuan Li, Meixian Lu. Effects of amendments and water conditions on the chemical speciation of Cd and Pb in contaminated paddy soil in a mining area. Soil and Sediment Contamination: An International Journal. 2016; 25 (7):717-726.
Chicago/Turabian StylePeng Zhang; Chaolan Zhang; Liping Pan; Weiwei Yang; ChuanZhang Li; Guiping Xu; Fangyuan Li; Meixian Lu. 2016. "Effects of amendments and water conditions on the chemical speciation of Cd and Pb in contaminated paddy soil in a mining area." Soil and Sediment Contamination: An International Journal 25, no. 7: 717-726.
Phytoextraction could be an efficient technique to remediate heavy metals from contaminated soils. Phytoextraction could be an efficient technique to remediate heavy metals from contaminated soils. Identifying bioenergy crops that can be produced successfully on marginal lands, such as those polluted by heavy metals, also reduces the pressure to produce energy crops on land that would otherwise be used to produce food crops. The objective of this study was to determine the phytoremediation capability of two warm season perennials, prairie cordgrass ( Spartinapectinata Link, ‘Savoy’) and switchgrass ( Panicumvirgatum L., ‘Cave-In-Rock’ (CIR)) through their growth response to cadmium (Cd). Growth rate, Cd tolerance, accumulation and translocation were measured at concentrations of 0 (control), 5, 10, 30, and 50 mg L −1 of Cd mixed with Hoagland's solution in an aerated hydroponic system. Although a reduction of plant growth was observed when the Cd concentration was higher than 10 mg L −1 for both species, there were significant differences in Cd tolerance, translocation and accumulation between species. The tolerance index ( Ti ) was between 72.5 and 107.1 in Savoy and 48.7 and 75.7 in CIR under Cd concentrations of 50 mg L −1 and 5 mg L −1 , respectively. The translocation factor ( Tf ) for both species was increased with increasing Cd concentration in solution, but the Tf of Savoy was higher than CIR. The highest bio-concentration factor (BCF) of the roots reached 325.7 for Savoy and 144.5 for CIR when the Cd concentration was 5 mg L −1 and the BCF of the shoots in both species was consistently low (13.7 to 16.8 and 4.1 to 6.0 for Savoy and CIR, respectively) indicating higher Cd retention in the roots than shoots. It was concluded that both species could be utilized in phytoremediation when the Cd concentration is less than 10 mg L −1 , however Savoy has the higher tolerance, translocation and accumulation capabilities which makes it a better candidate for phytoremediation and biomass production on Cd polluted soils.
Chaolan Zhang; Jia Guo; D. K. Lee; Eric Anderson; He Huang. Growth responses and accumulation of cadmium in switchgrass (Panicumvirgatum L.) and prairie cordgrass (Spartinapectinata Link). RSC Advances 2015, 5, 83700 -83706.
AMA StyleChaolan Zhang, Jia Guo, D. K. Lee, Eric Anderson, He Huang. Growth responses and accumulation of cadmium in switchgrass (Panicumvirgatum L.) and prairie cordgrass (Spartinapectinata Link). RSC Advances. 2015; 5 (102):83700-83706.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChaolan Zhang; Jia Guo; D. K. Lee; Eric Anderson; He Huang. 2015. "Growth responses and accumulation of cadmium in switchgrass (Panicumvirgatum L.) and prairie cordgrass (Spartinapectinata Link)." RSC Advances 5, no. 102: 83700-83706.
Soil samples were collected on farmland in a lead-zinc mining area in the Karst region of Guangxi, China. The contamination of the soil by eight metals (Cd, Hg, As, Cu, Pb, Cr, Zn, Ni) was determined. Among all these metals, Cd is the most serious pollutant in this area. Zn, Hg as well asPb can also be measured at high levels, which may affect the crop production. All other metals contributed marginally to the overall soil contamination. Besides the evaluation of single metals, the Nemerow synthetic index indicated that the soil is not suitable for agricultural use.
Chaolan Zhang; Zhongyi Li; Weiwei Yang; Liping Pan; Minghua Gu; Dokyoung Lee. Assessment of Metals Pollution on Agricultural Soil Surrounding a Lead–Zinc Mining Area in the Karst Region of Guangxi, China. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 2013, 90, 736 -741.
AMA StyleChaolan Zhang, Zhongyi Li, Weiwei Yang, Liping Pan, Minghua Gu, Dokyoung Lee. Assessment of Metals Pollution on Agricultural Soil Surrounding a Lead–Zinc Mining Area in the Karst Region of Guangxi, China. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology. 2013; 90 (6):736-741.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChaolan Zhang; Zhongyi Li; Weiwei Yang; Liping Pan; Minghua Gu; Dokyoung Lee. 2013. "Assessment of Metals Pollution on Agricultural Soil Surrounding a Lead–Zinc Mining Area in the Karst Region of Guangxi, China." Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 90, no. 6: 736-741.
Phytoremediation is a technology for extracting or inactivating pollutants in soil. Echinodorus osiris (E. osiris) is a fast growing perennial wetland plant that is common in tropical and subtropical areas and has a high tolerance to cadmium (Cd). However, the absorption dynamics, subcellular distribution and accumulation of Cd by E. osiris had not been investigated. In this paper, hydroponic experiments with different levels of Cd2+ (0, 5.0, 15.0 mg L−1) were carried out to determine these characteristics of E. osiris. The results indicated that the Cd absorption rate of Echinodorus osiris decreased over time, and the absorption rate within 0.5–1.0 h was faster than after 1.0 h. In a 6.0 hour time period, the rate of Cd uptake fit a quadratic polynomial curve when E. osiris was grown under the 5 mg L−1 Cd treatment. However, the rate of Cd uptake by E. osiris fit a cubic polynomial model with the 15 mg L−1 Cd treatment. In the roots, the ethanol-extractable Cd, water-extractable Cd, and NaCl-extractable Cd were the largest proportions of the total Cd. The HAc-extractable Cd, HCl-extractable Cd, and residual-Cd represented a larger proportion of the total Cd in the leaves which was combined with phosphate including CdHPO4, Cd3 (PO4)2, and oxalic acid. When analyzing the subcellular distribution of Cd in the plant, the soluble fraction containing Cd accounted for the largest part (69.49–88.39%) followed by the Cd bound to the cell wall (8.44–25.62%). Both the lower and the higher Cd treatments demonstrated that compartmentation by the vacuole and cell wall binding were two effective defense mechanisms of the plant. However, the vacuole became the main site for Cd accumulation in the leaves under the 15 mg L−1 Cd treatment. E. osiris was able to accumulate high concentrations of Cd in both the roots and the leaves. The Cd concentration reached 502.97 mg kg−1 and 2742.95 mg kg−1 in the shoots and roots, respectively, after 27 days of cultivation. It was concluded that E. osiris is a potential hyperaccumulator of Cd.
Chaolan Zhang; Peng Zhang; Chuangrong Mo; Weiwei Yang; Qinfeng Li; Liping Pan; D. K. Lee. Cadmium uptake, chemical forms, subcellular distribution, and accumulation in Echinodorus osiris Rataj. Environmental Science: Processes & Impacts 2013, 15, 1459 -1465.
AMA StyleChaolan Zhang, Peng Zhang, Chuangrong Mo, Weiwei Yang, Qinfeng Li, Liping Pan, D. K. Lee. Cadmium uptake, chemical forms, subcellular distribution, and accumulation in Echinodorus osiris Rataj. Environmental Science: Processes & Impacts. 2013; 15 (7):1459-1465.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChaolan Zhang; Peng Zhang; Chuangrong Mo; Weiwei Yang; Qinfeng Li; Liping Pan; D. K. Lee. 2013. "Cadmium uptake, chemical forms, subcellular distribution, and accumulation in Echinodorus osiris Rataj." Environmental Science: Processes & Impacts 15, no. 7: 1459-1465.
Mercury contamination of the environment is of worldwide concern because of its global presence and its potent neurotoxicity. Mining, smelting and the electronics industry are the main sources of Hg pollution. However, few studies have been performed to investigate systemic Hg contamination in metal mining regions. In this study, concentrations of Hg in air, farmland soil, and crops were measured in a Pb–Zn mining area in the karst region of Guangxi, China. Key factors that could affect Hg distribution, such as the fate of waste ore and waste residue, were analyzed. Geo-statistical methods were adopted to analyze the characteristics of spatial structure and distribution of Hg. The results show that Hg contamination in this region is serious. The total mercury (T-Hg) content is far higher than the Level II Limit Value of Chinese Soil Standards of 0.30 mg kg−1, showing obvious directional characteristics from WNW to ESE. Highest Hg concentrations were found in the WNW portion of the study area. The contamination of paddy soil is higher than that in dry farmland soil. The vertical distribution of T-Hg and its decrease with depth suggest that the important sources are waste water irrigation and the improper disposal of the waste ore and waste rock. The T-Hg concentrations in the agricultural products examined exceed the Chinese tolerance value (0.02 mg kg−1 for rice and 0.01 mg kg−1 for vegetables), indicating the seriousness of the problem. The ecological environment and the safety of food grown in this mining area are being affected, with the result that human health is possibly being affected.
Chaobing Deng; Chaolan Zhang; Lihe Li; Zhongyi Li; Ning Li. Mercury contamination and its potential health effects in a lead–zinc mining area in the karst region of Guangxi, China. Applied Geochemistry 2011, 26, 154 -159.
AMA StyleChaobing Deng, Chaolan Zhang, Lihe Li, Zhongyi Li, Ning Li. Mercury contamination and its potential health effects in a lead–zinc mining area in the karst region of Guangxi, China. Applied Geochemistry. 2011; 26 (2):154-159.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChaobing Deng; Chaolan Zhang; Lihe Li; Zhongyi Li; Ning Li. 2011. "Mercury contamination and its potential health effects in a lead–zinc mining area in the karst region of Guangxi, China." Applied Geochemistry 26, no. 2: 154-159.