Borophene and silicene, two novel members of the Xene family, feature high surface reactivity and stability suitable for sensing applications. However, the

This study focused on the bryophyte flora of Maltepe University Central Campus, with samples collected between March 2023 and March 2024. Approximately 150 moss samples were collected from the study area, and through taxonomic identification, a total of 42 moss taxa belonging to 10 families and 26 genera were identified. Among these taxa, 19 represent new records for the province of Istanbul.

Due to increasing antimicrobial resistance and oxidative stress, the exploration of new therapeutic agents from medicinal plants such as Galium aparine L., has become essential. This study aimed to provide a scientific basis for the ethnomedicinal applications of G. aparine by evaluating its biological activities and biochemical composition. Plant samples were extracted using different solvents and their biological activities were assessed through antimicrobial, antibiofilm, and anti-quorum sensing (AQS) assays against different microorganisms. Antioxidant capacity was determined using four complementary assays representing distinct mechanisms, while the biochemical composition was analyzed via GC–MS. The results revealed that although the extracts exhibited limited antimicrobial activity overall, significant inhibition was observed against Staphylococcus aureus, and Enterococcus strains, with MIC values as low as 30 µg/mL. The ethanol extract demonstrated the highest antibiofilm inhibition (60.38%) against Streptococcus mutans, surpassing the positive control Halamid, and showed the strongest AQS inhibition (46.16%). Moreover, a strong antioxidant potential comparable to ascorbic acid was detected in the ABTS assay, with 88.10% inhibition. Overall, these findings indicate that G. aparine extracts possess notable antibiofilm, AQS, and antioxidant properties that support their traditional medicinal uses and suggest their potential as promising sources for the development of new natural therapeutic agents.

The negative environmental effects of cement and concrete additives, as well as the carbon emissions generated during the fabrication of cement and other required concrete components, have come into increasing focus in recent years. Cement-based construction materials, which often originate from plant extracts and agricultural residue, have gained a lot of interest lately due to their low energy requirements, affordability, and environmentally friendly characteristics. Within this context, the present study explores the application of synthesized moss extract (ME)-based nanoparticles (NPs) to enhance the mechanical performance of cement, mitigate environmental impacts, and reduce carbon emissions. Surface characterization of the NPs was carried out using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), which revealed moss extract-based nanoparticles (ME-NPs) with particle sizes below 100 nm and irregular needle-like shapes. The effects of ME-NPs on the physical and mechanical properties of cement mortar were investigated by testing water absorption, compressive strength, flexural strength, and microstructure. The experimental results showed that extracts of Homalothecium sericeum and Dicranum scoparium specifically enhanced compressive strength. Overall, the findings reveal that MEs can be utilized to develop eco-friendly, workable cementitious composites with improved mechanical properties.

Çevre kirliliği sorunu şiddetini artırarak devam etmektedir. Bu nedenle biyoindikatör organizmalar kullanılarak atmosferik element seviyeleri belirlenmeye devam edilmeli ve kirlilik ölçümleri düzenli olarak yapılmalıdır. Radyoaktif kirliliğin artmasının başlıca nedenleri madencilik faaliyetleri, termik santraller, baz istasyonları ve fosil yakıtların kaynak olarak tercih edildiği nükleer santrallerdir. Toplum bireylerinin doğal radyoaktivite dışındaki tüm nedenlerle maruz kaldıkları radyasyon dozları, radyoaktif maddelerin radyasyon ve çevreye sızmasını önleyen yönetmeliklerle kontrol edilmektedir. Bu bağlamda, radyonüklidlerin biyoindikatör organlar tarafından saptanması ve izlenmesi ayrıntılı olarak rapor edilmektedir. Karayosunları, mevcut çalışmalarda çevresel radyoaktivitenin izlenmesi için sıklıkla biyolojik göstergeler olarak kullanılmaktadır.