Despite extensive research on sustainable urban mobility, non-designated crossings remain underexplored, particularly in low- and middle-income countries where they are highly prevalent. This study applies agent-based simulation to analyze pedestrian crossing behavior in commercial streets. We adopted a mixed-methods approach, combining video recordings, field observations, and structured questionnaires to capture physical conditions and user perceptions in a case in Cairo. The collected data were spatially analyzed using a Geographic Information System (GIS) to identify key spatial and behavioral variables influencing crossing decisions. These variables were then incorporated into an Agent-Based Model developed using the GAMA platform to simulate pedestrian–vehicle interactions. The simulation assessed pedestrian flow, non-designated crossing rates, average vehicle speed, and traffic volume. Results indicate strong relationships between pedestrian flow and non-designated crossings, and moderate associations between increased pedestrian activity and reduced vehicle speeds, while traffic volume shows weak correlations with pedestrian-related indicators. The model reveals distinct patterns of pedestrian crossing behavior, shaped by street configuration and traffic dynamics, and highlights critical risk points in commercial streets. Based on these findings, the study proposes seven actionable strategies to enhance pedestrian safety while supporting a more sustainable urban mobility.

This study proposes a conceptual urban policy framework for planning and designing urban streets that promotes people-oriented development. We utilized a scoping review and content analysis to map the key factors, indicators, methodological approaches, and tools within research on people-oriented development. The search was conducted across the Scopus and Google Scholar databases to ensure broader coverage of relevant peer-reviewed literature published between 2013 and 2023, resulting in 210 manuscripts. After three rounds of inclusion and exclusion criteria, we ended with 83 manuscripts. We also conducted a content analysis of a selection of 24 manuscripts for deep qualitative analysis of insights about people-oriented development. The findings highlight a strong relationship between people-oriented street design and improved community satisfaction, social interaction, and overall well-being. The review identified twenty-four methodological tools, which were synthesized into a five-step action plan: pre-assessment, data collection, analysis, evaluation, and the development of a priority map. This framework offers urban planners and policymakers an evidence-based pathway for implementing integrated, people-focused street design strategies. The study’s findings strengthen the conceptual understanding of people-oriented development. The insight gained from the scoping review supports the creation of more inclusive, livable, and human-centered urban streets.