The environmental disaster of the Aral Sea has revealed the Karakalpakstan Autonomous Republic soils to increasing salinity and large-scale degradation. A main contribution of this research is to propose a combined approach (field observation, remote sensing, and remedial experiments) to analyze trends of salinity and evaluate environmentally sound restoration techniques from 2019 to 2024. The results showed that the salinity of the soil (ECe) at 15 km away from the dry lake bed is 35.7 dS/m (±3.2), 4.8 times that of farmland areas distant from the dry lake bed (p25%) has reduced the permeability of soil. Seasonal monitoring confirmed the enhancement of summer surface salinity (mean ΔECe=12.7±2.3 dS/m) and salt accumulation at 30-60 cm depths as a long-term problem. The improvement phase saw cultivation of the native plant Tamarix ramosissima, with 92% survival at 28 dS/m, as the most effective method in 58% reduction of surface salinity through physiological means. Its combination with organic mulch (32% decrease in evaporation) and compost (2.3-fold increase in microbial activity) significantly improved soil health. Projections for the future warn of a 67% decrease in wheat production to be expected by 2030, assuming that trends continue, whereas modeling confirms nature-based solutions' effectiveness to stabilize salinity levels at values lower than 20 dS/m. This study specifically emphasizes the need to change wasteful historical practices to ecosystem-based restoration systems as the necessity of quick sustainability of Karakalpakstan.

Ushbu maqolada qishloq xo'jaligida melioratsiyaning an'anaviy yer va suv sharoitini yaxshilashga qaratilgan yondashuvdan kompleks meliorativ boshqaruv, barqaror qishloq xo'jaligi, yashil iqtisodiyot va raqamli boshqaruvga qadar bo'lgan evolyutsion transformatsiyasi tadqiq etilgan. Meliorativ tadbirlarning iqtisodiy samaradorligi yer va suv resurslaridan foydalanish, tuproq unumdorligi, ekologik holat va uzoq muddatli barqarorlik bilan o'zaro bog'liq holda asoslangan. Shuningdek, meliorativ jarayonlarni raqamlashtirishda "Dala pasporti", monitoring ko'rsatkichlari, raqamli platformalar, prognozlash va ma'lumotlarga asoslangan qaror qabul qilish mexanizmlarining ahamiyati ochib berilgan. Tahlil asosida melioratsiya, yashil texnologiyalar va raqamli boshqaruvning integratsiyalashuvi natijasida "aqlli melioratsiya" yondashuvini shakllantirish imkoniyati asoslangan.

Climate change increasingly threatens agricultural productivity in climate-sensitive regions, yet evidence on how temperature and precipitation shape wheat yields over both short- and long-term horizons remains limited in Central Asia. This study investigates the dynamic relationship between temperature, precipitation, and wheat yield in Uzbekistan using annual time-series data for 1992–2023. An Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) bounds-testing approach was applied, with stationarity confirmed via ADF and Phillips–Perron tests and model stability verified through CUSUM and standard diagnostic tests. The results show a statistically significant positive long-run association between temperature and wheat yield, with a 1% increase in temperature linked to a 2.62% yield increase, alongside a negative, one-year-lagged effect of precipitation, indicating that excessive rainfall in the prior season penalizes subsequent yields. The estimated Error Correction Term (−0.234) indicates a comparatively slow adjustment to climatic shocks, equivalent to roughly 4.3 years under this specification. These findings show that temperature and lagged precipitation are statistically associated with wheat yield dynamics in Uzbekistan, though the temperature effect should be interpreted alongside concurrent irrigation expansion and agricultural modernization rather than as an isolated climatic benefit. The results offer an empirical basis for climate-adaptive agricultural planning in Uzbekistan, including drainage management and adjusted sowing calendars.