Aims: In this study, considering all the known facts about ovarian cancer; The aim of this study is to retrospectively examine the factors related to the etiopathogenesis, diagnosis and prognosis of ovarian cancer, to determine the population at risk, and to try to catch cancer before it progresses or at an early stage by controlling it more frequently and early. Methods: A total of 99 patients who were operated for adnexal mass in Dicle University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology between 1 January 2011 and 31 December 2020 and whose final pathology resulted as alignant were included in our study. Patients with borderline results were not included in our study. Of these 99 patients age, gravityparity, menopausal status, presence of additional disease, symptoms, CA-125 level, tumor burden, tumor diameter and structure, presence of ascites, presence of implant, lymph node involvement, frozen pathology result, tumor type, stage, complications were investigated. Results: In this study, the mean age at diagnosis was 51.04 years. It was observed that 55.6% of the patients were postmenopausal. The most common tumor type was identified as epithelial tumors. It has been determined that the patients are mostly in the advanced stage. When the relationship between the stage and the presence of lymph node and ascites fluid was examined, it was observed that lymph node involvement and presence of ascitic fluid increased in advanced stages. It has been observed that the universe progresses as the CA-125 level rises. It has been demonstrated that CA-125 is higher in patients with residual tumors. In addition, CA-125 levels were higher in patients with lymph node involvement than in those without involvement, in patients with bilateral tumours than in those with unilateral tumours, in patients with ascites than in those without ascites, and in epithelial type tumours than in other tumour types. Conclusion: Although scientific research has been carried out on many markers for ovarian cancer, especially Ca-125, it is difficult to detect it at an early stage since routine ovarian cancer screening is not possible under today’s conditions. Even though it is not specific, if some symptoms such as abdominal pain are present in older women, considering ovarian cancer among the preliminary diagnoses may help detect more patients at an early stage.

Objectives: To retrospectively and prospectively investigate the pregnancy outcomes after hysteroscopy (H/S) for septum resection in patients detected to have a uterine septum after presenting with a history of recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL), diagnosis of secondary infertility or primary infertility. Methods: This study included 62 patients with infertility or a history of RPL who underwent hysteroscopic uterine septum resection. Patients who had uterine anomalies other than a uterine septum, such as submucous myoma, endometrial polyp were excluded. Those discharged home with a live infant after a uterine septum operation were compared based on certain variables, those who succeeded and those who failed were categorized into group 1 and group 2, respectively. The two groups were compared with regard to the total number of deliveries before and after the operation, total number of abortions, preterm and term deliveries, delivery methods, control hysterosalpingographies (HSG) and whether they were reoperated. Results: In our study, 25 (40%) patients were primary infertile, 37 (60%) had secondary infertility or a history of RPL. Hysteroscopic septum resection was performed under general anesthesia in 61 and spinal anesthesia in 1 of these patients. Of the patients who were postoperatively discharged home with a live infant, 8 (26.7%) were determined to be primary infertile and 22 (73.3%) to have secondary infertility or a history of RPL. The rate of discharge with a live infant was determined as 76.9% among patients who conceived. The success rate of Group 1 patients, who were secondary infertile or had history of RPL, was significantly higher compared to patients who were primary infertile. Conclusions: Hysteroscopic uterine septum resection is a method with an easy application and high effectiveness. The success of the operation is particularly higher in patients who have a history of RPL or are secondary infertile compared with patients who are primary infertile.

Objective: To investigate clinical, ultrasonographic, and hematological factors associated with cesarean delivery due to intrapartum fetal compromise in pregnancies complicated by isolated late-onset fetal growth restriction (FGR) undergoing induction of labor at 37 weeks of gestation. Methods: This retrospective cohort study included singleton pregnancies with isolated late-onset FGR undergoing elective induction of labor between 37 + 0 and 37 + 6 weeks of gestation. Patients who underwent cesarean delivery due to intrapartum fetal compromise constituted the study group (n = 44), whereas those who achieved vaginal delivery formed the control group (n = 100). Maternal demographic characteristics, fetal ultrasonographic findings, and systemic inflammatory indices were evaluated. Multivariable logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses were performed. Results: Gravidity, parity, induction-to-birth interval, cervical dilatation at admission, femur length, and platelet count differed significantly between the groups. In multivariable logistic regression analysis, parity remained the only independent predictor of cesarean delivery due to intrapartum fetal compromise (adjusted OR 0.421, 95% CI 0.191–0.926, p = 0.031). Systemic inflammatory indices and most fetal ultrasonographic parameters did not demonstrate independent predictive value. The combined multivariable model demonstrated acceptable discriminative performance (AUC 0.731, 95% CI 0.636–0.827, p < 0.001). Neonatal outcomes were comparable between the groups. Conclusions: In pregnancies complicated by isolated late-onset FGR undergoing induction of labor at 37 weeks, parity was the only independent predictor of cesarean delivery due to intrapartum fetal compromise. Routine clinical, ultrasonographic, and hematological inflammatory markers demonstrated limited independent predictive value. These findings suggest that intrapartum fetal compromise in FGR pregnancies may primarily reflect reduced fetoplacental reserve rather than isolated antenatal parameters.

Objective: Our objectives were to evaluate maternal serum YKL-40 levels in pregnancies complicated by preterm prelabor rupture of membranes (PPROM), compare them with healthy gestational age-comparable controls, and assess the association between YKL-40 levels and subsequent composite adverse neonatal outcomes (CANOs). Methods: This prospective observational study included 44 women with PPROM and 44 healthy pregnant controls between 24 and 37 weeks of gestation. Maternal serum YKL-40 concentrations were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), with concentrations corrected for the manufacturer-specified 5-fold sample dilution. Multivariable Firth’s penalized logistic regression was used to evaluate the independent association of YKL-40 with PPROM and, within the PPROM cohort only, subsequent CANO. Exploratory receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed to assess the ability of YKL-40 to discriminate established PPROM cases from healthy controls. The study was powered a priori only for the primary between-group comparison of YKL-40; the ROC and CANO analyses were not separately powered and are reported as exploratory. Results: Maternal serum YKL-40 levels were significantly higher in the PPROM group than in the control group (5.87 ± 2.64 vs. 2.44 ± 0.96 ng/mL, p < 0.001). In multivariable analysis, YKL-40 remained independently associated with PPROM (adjusted odds ratio 5.61, 95% CI 2.07–15.23, p < 0.001 per 1 ng/mL increase). Within the PPROM cohort, YKL-40 was not independently associated with CANO (p = 0.775). Exploratory ROC analysis yielded an AUC of 0.935 (95% CI 0.881–0.989); a ROC-derived cut-off of >3.3 ng/mL provided 86.4% sensitivity and 84.1% specificity for discriminating established PPROM cases from healthy controls. Conclusions: Maternal serum YKL-40 levels were significantly elevated in women with established PPROM and remained independently associated with PPROM status, but were not associated with subsequent CANO. Because YKL-40 was measured after PPROM diagnosis, the observed ROC performance reflects case–control discrimination rather than prospective prediction or established diagnostic utility. Larger prospective studies using clinically relevant comparison groups and independently validated assays are required to determine the potential clinical value of YKL-40 in PPROM.

Aims: To investigate the association between first-trimester maternal obesity, adverse obstetric outcomes, and complete blood count (CBC)-derived inflammatory indices, and to compare the predictive performance of maternal body-mass index (BMI) and inflammatory markers for obesity related adverse maternal outcomes.Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 648 singleton pregnancies evaluated between 11 and 14 weeks of gestation. According to first-trimester BMI, participants were classified as normal weight (n=301), overweight (n=222), or obese (n=125). Maternal characteristics, obstetric outcomes, and inflammatory indices, including neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), Systemic Inflammatory Response Index (SIRI), Systemic Immune-inflammation Index (SII), and pan-immune-inflammation value (PIV), were analyzed. Logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses were performed.Results: Gestational diabetes mellitus, gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, cesarean delivery, and composite adverse maternal outcome (CAMO) were significantly more frequent among overweight and obese female (all p